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偷考公试卷的印度团伙
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偷考公试卷的印度团伙
电话来了，是时候出发了。医生赶往机场，准备前往数百英里外的印度西部做一个晚间手术。 
双语精读
These Exams Mean Everything in India. Thieves See a Gold Mine.
这些考试在印度重于一切，盗贼将其视作金矿
The call arrived - it was go time. The medical doctor rushed to the airport, bound for a midnight operation hundreds of miles away in western India.
电话来了，是时候出发了。医生赶往机场，准备前往数百英里外的印度西部做一个晚间手术。
But this mission was not about saving lives. His target was something worth more than gold in India's cutthroat competition for government jobs and university placements: the question sheets for a police constable exam.
但是他的任务不是为了拯救生命。在印度竞争激烈的政府工作和大学实习考试中，他的目标物比黄金更有价值：警察考试试卷。
After landing in the city of Ahmedabad, the doctor, Shubham Mandal, was hurried to a freight warehouse on its outskirts. To avoid surveillance cameras, Dr. Mandal climbed through a back window into a room stacked with boxes.
舒巴姆·曼达尔医生在艾哈迈达巴德市落地后，被紧急送往该市郊区的一个货运仓库。为了避开监控摄像头，曼达尔从后窗爬进了一个摞满箱子的房间。
There, the police say, he pried open one marked "confidential" and took out an envelope. He used his phone's camera to photograph each page inside before resealing the envelope and locking the box.
警方说，在那里他撬开了一个标有“机密”字样的箱子，并取出一个信封。他用手机给信封里的每一页纸拍照，然后重新密封信封并锁上箱子。
Waiting in a car each time were three men, including, the police say, the burglary's mastermind, Ravi Atri. Mr. Atri saw himself as part criminal, part Robin Hood. He had taken the national medical school entrance exam five times, and ultimately passed, but never became a doctor. Instead, he turned to stealing tests to help others.
每次在车里等候的有三个人，警方称其中包括这起盗窃案的主谋拉维·阿特里。阿特里认为自己既是罪犯，也是行侠仗义的罗宾汉。他参加了五次全国医学院入学考试，最终通过了，但从未当医生。相反，他转而开始偷试卷来帮助别人。
Mr. Atri and people like him capitalize on what has long been a structural problem in India's economy: too many educated young people, too few jobs.
阿特里和许多像他一样的人利用了印度经济长期存在的一个结构性问题：受过教育的年轻人太多，工作岗位太少。
India has one of the fastest-expanding economies in the world. But much of that growth comes from the services sector, and it is not generating enough jobs for the country's huge working-age population.
印度是世界上增长最快的经济体之一。但是这种增长的大部分来自服务业，而服务业没有为该国庞大的劳动年龄人口创造足够的就业机会。
Labor-intensive manufacturing has stalled out as a share of the economy before it has had a chance to make India a developed nation. Nearly half of Indians still toil on farms, and a vast majority of private jobs in India are informal.
劳动密集型制造业在有机会使印度成为发达国家之前，就已经成为停滞不前的经济部门。近一半的印度人仍在农地里辛苦劳作，而且印度绝大多数的私营工作是非正式的。
That makes government jobs highly prized. Last year, 1.3 million people applied for 1,000 slots in the prestigious civil service of the central government. Allotting jobs on the basis of exam results conveys a sense of fairness. But with competition so fierce, the temptation to seek shortcuts can be strong.
这使得政府工作备受青睐。去年有130万人申请了受尊敬的中央政府公务员的1000个职位。根据考试成绩分配工作传达了一种公平感。但由于竞争如此激烈，寻求捷径的诱惑可能会很强烈。
Some aspirants, while spending long hours in study groups, also keep an eye out for shadowy figures offering access to exams. They exchange phone numbers with local agents; negotiate tentative prices, often in the hundreds of dollars or more; and pray that the scheme succeeds.
一些志在考公的人一边花很多时间在学习小组，一边也会留意那些提供考试门道的神秘人物。他们与当地中介交换电话号码，商量一个暂定的价格（通常是数百美元或更高），并祈祷计划成功。
An investigation by one of India's largest newspapers, The Indian Express, found that more than 40 examinations had been compromised by leaks over the past five years, affecting 14 million aspirants in 15 states.
印度最大的报纸之一《印度快报》的一项调查发现，在过去五年中，超过40场考试因泄密而受到影响，波及15个邦的1400万名考生。
词汇预习
economy [高考]
美[ɪˈkɑːnəmi] | 英[ɪˈkɒnəmi]
n. 经济；节约 adj. 经济的；廉价的
saving [高考]
美[ˈseɪvɪŋ] | 英[ˈseɪvɪŋ]
n. 节约； 挽救 prep. 除 ... 之外 conj. 除了； 除去
informal [高考]
美[ɪnˈfɔːrml] | 英[ɪnˈfɔːml]
adj. 非正式的；不拘形式的
mission [高考]
美[ˈmɪʃn] | 英[ˈmɪʃn]
n. 使命；代表团；任务；布道 v. 派遣；向…传教; 把任务交给
scheme [高考]
美[skiːm] | 英[skiːm]
n. 阴谋；计划；方案 v. 图谋；设计；策划；[非正式]认为
temptation [高考]
美[tempˈteɪʃn] | 英[tempˈteɪʃn]
n. 诱惑；引诱物
intensive [高考]
美[ɪnˈtensɪv] | 英[ɪnˈtensɪv]
adj. 密集的；彻底的；精细的；强调的；加强的，集中的 n. 加强器；加强剂；【语】强义词[词首]
investigation [高考]
美[ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn] | 英[ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn]
n. 调查
ultimately [高考]
美[ˈʌltɪmətli] | 英[ˈʌltɪmətli]
adv. 最后；最终
sector [高考]
美[ˈsektər] | 英[ˈsektə(r)]
n. 部门；部分；区域 n. [计]扇形；扇区 vt. 使分成部分
fairness [高考]
美[ˈfernəs] | 英[ˈfeənəs]
n. 公平；公正
growth [高考]
美[ɡroʊθ] | 英[ɡrəʊθ]
n. 【U】增长；生长；发展；种植 n. 【C】生长物；【医】瘤;赘生物
access [高考]
美[ˈækses] | 英[ˈækses]
n.入口，通道；获得的机会，使用权；（对计算机存储器的）访问，存取；（情感）爆发，发作；探视权 v. 接近，进入；获取，访问（计算机信息） adj.[美]（电视节目或时间等）对外公开的
target [高考]
美[ˈtɑːrɡɪt] | 英[ˈtɑːɡɪt]
n. 目标；对象；靶 vt. 把 ... 作为目标；瞄准
majority [高考]
美[məˈdʒɔːrəti] | 英[məˈdʒɒrəti]
n. 大多数；大部分；多数票；（获胜的）票数
vast [高考]
美[væst] | 英[vɑːst]
adj. 广阔的；巨大的；大量的；巨额的 n. 浩瀚；广阔无垠的空间 n. (Vast)人名；(法)瓦斯特
criminal [高考]
美[ˈkrɪmɪnl] | 英[ˈkrɪmɪnl]
n. 罪犯 adj. 犯罪的；刑事的；违法的
fierce [高考]
美[fɪrs] | 英[fɪəs]
adj. 强烈的；凶猛的；酷烈的
civil [高考]
美[ˈsɪvl] | 英[ˈsɪvl]
adj. 公民的；文明的；国内的；民用的；民事的；【建】土木的
negotiate [高考]
美[nɪˈɡoʊʃieɪt] | 英[nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt]
vi. 谈判；协商；交涉 vt. 谈判达成；成功越过；议价出售
confidential [高考]
美[ˌkɑːnfɪˈdenʃl] | 英[ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃl]
adj. 秘密的；机密的；表示信任的；获信赖的
warehouse [高考]
美[ˈwerhaʊs] | 英[ˈweəhaʊs]
n. 仓库 vt. 存入仓库
bound [高考]
美[baʊnd] | 英[baʊnd]
adj. 必定的；有义务的；受约束的；装订的 vi. 跳；跳跃前进；猛涨 n. 跳跃；范围；界限
tentative [高考]
美[ˈtentətɪv] | 英[ˈtentətɪv]
adj. 不确定的；暂时的；试验性质的；犹豫不决的
pray [高考]
美[preɪ] | 英[preɪ]
v. 祈祷；请求；恳求；祈求
access to [高考]
美[ˈæksɛs tu] | 英[ˈækses tu:]
接近，有权使用；进入，通向…的路口
on the basis of [高考]
美[ɑːn ðə 'beɪsɪs əv] | 英[ɒn ðə 'beɪsɪs əv]
根据； 在 ... 的基础上； 基于
basis [高考]
美[ˈbeɪsɪs] | 英[ˈbeɪsɪs]
n. 基础；根据；基底
burglary [高考]
美[ˈbɜːrɡləri] | 英[ˈbɜːɡləri]
n. 盗窃行为
toil [高考]
美[tɔɪl] | 英[tɔɪl]
n. 辛苦；苦工；罗网；圈套 v. 费力地做；苦干；跋涉
structural [四级]
美[ˈstrʌktʃərəl] | 英[ˈstrʌktʃərəl]
adj. 结构的；构造的；建筑的；建筑用的
freight [四级]
美[freɪt] | 英[freɪt]
n. （货运）运费；货运；货物 vt. 装货于；运送
offering [四级]
美[ˈɔːfərɪŋ] | 英[ˈɒfərɪŋ]
n. 供品；作品；出售物
prestigious [六级]
美[preˈstɪdʒəs] | 英[preˈstɪdʒəs]
adj. 享有声望的；声望很高的；[古]魔术的
shadowy [六级]
美[ˈʃædoʊi] | 英[ˈʃædəʊi]
adj. 阴暗的；朦胧的；鲜为人知的
bound for [六级]
美[baʊnd fɔr] | 英[baund fɔ:]
准备去； 开往
surveillance [六级]
美[sɜːrˈveɪləns] | 英[sɜːˈveɪləns]
n. 监视；监督
manufacturing [专四]
美[ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ] | 英[ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərɪŋ]
n. 制造业 adj. 制造业的
landing [专四]
美[ˈlændɪŋ] | 英[ˈlændɪŋ]
n. 着陆；登陆；登陆处；楼梯平台
economies [专四]
美[ɪ'kɒnəmɪz] | 英[iˈkɔnəmiz]
节约；经济（名词economy的复数形式）
outskirts [专四]
美[ˈaʊtskɜːrts] | 英[ˈaʊtskɜːts]
n. 郊区
capitalize [专四]
美[ˈkæpɪtlˌaɪz] | 英[ˈkæpɪtəlaɪz]
vt. 以大写字母写；使 ... 资本化；估价 vi. 利用
saw [专八]
美[sɔː] | 英[sɔː]
n. 锯；谚语，格言 v. 锯，用锯割开；看见，明白（see的过去式）
mastermind [专八]
美[ˈmæstərmaɪnd] | 英[ˈmɑ:stəmaɪnd]
n. 聪明人；智多星；策划者 v. (巧妙地)策划
marked [托福]
美[mɑːrkt] | 英[mɑːkt]
adj. 有记号的；显著的；受监视的 v. 弄污；打分；留意；做标记（动词mark的过去式和过去分词）
educated [托福]
美[ˈedʒukeɪtɪd] | 英[ˈedʒukeɪtɪd]
adj. 受过教育的；有教养的
重点讲解
These Exams Mean Everything in India. Thieves See a Gold Mine.
这些考试在印度重于一切，盗贼将其视作金矿
be bound for 前往某地的
【例】The train bound for the Palace Museum is arriving. Please keep clear of the door.
开往天安门站的列车即将进站，请远离车门。
【搭配】be bound to do sth 一定会做某事
【例】It’s bound to be sunny tomorrow.
明天肯定是晴天。
cutthroat adj. 激烈的；残酷的
【例】the cut-throat world of politics
斗得你死我活的政界
【近义词】fierce/keen/hard-fought adj. 激烈的
The call arrived — it was go time. The medical doctor rushed to the airport, bound for a midnight operation hundreds of miles away in western India.
电话来了，是时候出发了。医生赶往机场，准备前往数百英里外的印度西部做一个晚间手术。
be bound for 前往某地的
【例】The train bound for the Palace Museum is arriving. Please keep clear of the door.
开往天安门站的列车即将进站，请远离车门。
【搭配】be bound to do sth 一定会做某事
【例】It’s bound to be sunny tomorrow.
明天肯定是晴天。
cutthroat adj. 激烈的；残酷的
【例】the cut-throat world of politics
斗得你死我活的政界
【近义词】fierce/keen/hard-fought adj. 激烈的
But this mission was not about saving lives. His target was something worth more than gold in India’s cutthroat competition for government jobs and university placements: the question sheets for a police constable exam.
但是他的任务不是为了拯救生命。在印度竞争激烈的政府工作和大学实习考试中，他的目标物比黄金更有价值：警察考试试卷。
be bound for 前往某地的
【例】The train bound for the Palace Museum is arriving. Please keep clear of the door.
开往天安门站的列车即将进站，请远离车门。
【搭配】be bound to do sth 一定会做某事
【例】It’s bound to be sunny tomorrow.
明天肯定是晴天。
cutthroat adj. 激烈的；残酷的
【例】the cut-throat world of politics
斗得你死我活的政界
【近义词】fierce/keen/hard-fought adj. 激烈的
After landing in the city of Ahmedabad, the doctor, Shubham Mandal, was hurried to a freight warehouse on its outskirts. To avoid surveillance cameras, Dr. Mandal climbed through a back window into a room stacked with boxes.
舒巴姆·曼达尔医生在艾哈迈达巴德市落地后，被紧急送往该市郊区的一个货运仓库。为了避开监控摄像头，曼达尔从后窗爬进了一个摞满箱子的房间。
stack v. 摞；堆
【例】to stack the books 把书摞起来
【近义词】pile v. 摞起；堆放
【辨析】stock n. 库存；储备
confidential adj. 机密的；保密的
【例】confidential documents 机密文件
【拓展】confidence n. 秘密；保密
confidant n. （可告知秘密的）密友
There, the police say, he pried open one marked “confidential” and took out an envelope. He used his phone’s camera to photograph each page inside before resealing the envelope and locking the box.
警方说，在那里他撬开了一个标有“机密”字样的箱子，并取出一个信封。他用手机给信封里的每一页纸拍照，然后重新密封信封并锁上箱子。
stack v. 摞；堆
【例】to stack the books 把书摞起来
【近义词】pile v. 摞起；堆放
【辨析】stock n. 库存；储备
confidential adj. 机密的；保密的
【例】confidential documents 机密文件
【拓展】confidence n. 秘密；保密
confidant n. （可告知秘密的）密友
Waiting in a car each time were three men, including, the police say, the burglary’s mastermind, Ravi Atri. Mr. Atri saw himself as part criminal, part Robin Hood. He had taken the national medical school entrance exam five times, and ultimately passed, but never became a doctor. Instead, he turned to stealing tests to help others.
每次在车里等候的有三个人，警方称其中包括这起盗窃案的主谋拉维·阿特里。阿特里认为自己既是罪犯，也是行侠仗义的罗宾汉。他参加了五次全国医学院入学考试，最终通过了，但从未当医生。相反，他转而开始偷试卷来帮助别人。
mastermind n. & v.
1. 作名词：主谋；策划者；军师
【例】the mastermind of the campaign
活动的策划者
【近义词】the brains behind sth 某事的策划者（单数）
2. 作动词：策划
【例】He masterminded the campaign.
他策划了这个活动。
capitalize on 利用；从……中获得好处
【例】He capitalized on his new fame by live selling.
他通过直播带货来利用自己刚有的名气。
【近义词】take advantage of sth 利用某物
【拓展】capital n. 资本
Mr. Atri and people like him capitalize on what has long been a structural problem in India’s economy: too many educated young people, too few jobs.
阿特里和许多像他一样的人利用了印度经济长期存在的一个结构性问题：受过教育的年轻人太多，工作岗位太少。
mastermind n. & v.
1. 作名词：主谋；策划者；军师
【例】the mastermind of the campaign
活动的策划者
【近义词】the brains behind sth 某事的策划者（单数）
2. 作动词：策划
【例】He masterminded the campaign.
他策划了这个活动。
capitalize on 利用；从……中获得好处
【例】He capitalized on his new fame by live selling.
他通过直播带货来利用自己刚有的名气。
【近义词】take advantage of sth 利用某物
【拓展】capital n. 资本
India has one of the fastest-expanding economies in the world. But much of that growth comes from the services sector, and it is not generating enough jobs for the country’s huge working-age population.
印度是世界上增长最快的经济体之一。但是这种增长的大部分来自服务业，而服务业没有为该国庞大的劳动年龄人口创造足够的就业机会。
stall out 熄火；停滞
【例】The project stalled out due to a lack of resources.
项目因为资源不足而停滞了。
【近义词】stagnate v. 停滞；不前进
come to a standstill 陷入停滞
toil v. & n. 辛苦劳动
【例】to toil in the coalmine 在煤矿里辛苦劳作
a life of toil 辛苦劳动的一生
【近义词】labor v. & n. 辛苦劳动
Labor-intensive manufacturing has stalled out as a share of the economy before it has had a chance to make India a developed nation. Nearly half of Indians still toil on farms, and a vast majority of private jobs in India are informal.
劳动密集型制造业在有机会使印度成为发达国家之前，就已经成为停滞不前的经济部门。近一半的印度人仍在农地里辛苦劳作，而且印度绝大多数的私营工作是非正式的。
stall out 熄火；停滞
【例】The project stalled out due to a lack of resources.
项目因为资源不足而停滞了。
【近义词】stagnate v. 停滞；不前进
come to a standstill 陷入停滞
toil v. & n. 辛苦劳动
【例】to toil in the coalmine 在煤矿里辛苦劳作
a life of toil 辛苦劳动的一生
【近义词】labor v. & n. 辛苦劳动
That makes government jobs highly prized. Last year, 1.3 million people applied for 1,000 slots in the prestigious civil service of the central government. Allotting jobs on the basis of exam results conveys a sense of fairness. But with competition so fierce, the temptation to seek shortcuts can be strong.
这使得政府工作备受青睐。去年有130万人申请了受尊敬的中央政府公务员的1000个职位。根据考试成绩分配工作传达了一种公平感。但由于竞争如此激烈，寻求捷径的诱惑可能会很强烈。
allot v. 分配
【例】Each speaker will be allotted 15 minutes.
每个演讲者有15分钟。
【近义词】assign v. 分配
shortcut n. 近路；捷径
【例】I took the shortcut and arrived early.
我抄近路，早早就到了。
【近义词】cut the corner 抄近路
【反义词】detour n. & v. 绕远路
Some aspirants, while spending long hours in study groups, also keep an eye out for shadowy figures offering access to exams. They exchange phone numbers with local agents; negotiate tentative prices, often in the hundreds of dollars or more; and pray that the scheme succeeds.
一些志在考公的人一边花很多时间在学习小组，一边也会留意那些提供考试门道的神秘人物。他们与当地中介交换电话号码，商量一个暂定的价格（通常是数百美元或更高），并祈祷计划成功。
keep an eye out for 留心关注（某事未出现）
【例】I’m keeping an eye out for the discounts.
我在留心关注打折情况。
【辨析】keep an eye on sth 留心照看（某事已出现）
【例】Please keep an eye on the stove.
请留心照看一下炉灶。
tentative adj. 试探性的；暂定的
【例】We made a tentative arrangement to meet on Friday.
我们暂定星期五见面。
to take a tentative step 试探性地迈出一步
An investigation by one of India’s largest newspapers, The Indian Express, found that more than 40 examinations had been compromised by leaks over the past five years, affecting 14 million aspirants in 15 states.
印度最大的报纸之一《印度快报》的一项调查发现，在过去五年中，超过40场考试因泄密而受到影响，波及15个邦的1400万名考生。
compromise v.
1. 妥协；折衷
【例】I refuse to compromise with him.
我拒绝向他妥协。
2. 损害；危及
【例】to compromise your reputation 有损你的声誉
to compromise their chance to win 减少他们取胜的机会
to compromise the secret 泄露秘密
leak n. 泄露；泄漏
【例】the leak of confidential documents
机密文件的泄露
a gas leak 煤气泄漏
课后练习
What was Dr. Mandal's operation about?
A. Saving a patient’s life in western India.
B. Taking pictures of some question sheets.
C. Sending someone to a safe place in secrecy.
D. Stealing something valuable from a warehouse.
What can be learned about the job market in India?
A. The services sector mostly provides low-paid jobs.
B. There are plenty of jobs in the manufacturing sector.
C. The job opportunities are insufficient for educated young people.
D. The weak economy fails to generate enough jobs for all age groups.
Which of the following is true about the exams of government jobs?
A. Many applicants are attracted by the high salary of civil jobs.
B. Allotting jobs based on exam results is considered unfair by most people.
C. The fierce competition gives rise to the organized leaking of examinations.
D. Information about the exams is not transparent and inaccessible in remote areas.
He ____ the piece of information by selling it to the reporter.
A. allotted
B. masterminded
C. kept an eye out for
D. capitalized on
