养狗对健康的好处(上)

我小时候就想养一只狗。但直到我成年后，我和丈夫才收养了一只名叫杰克的一岁杂种犬。

双语精读

Ever since I was a kid, I wanted a dog. But it wasn't until I was an adult -- newly laid off and missing a beloved cat that had passed more than a year earlier -- that my husband and I adopted a 1-year-old mutt named Jack.

我小时候就想养一只狗。但直到我成年后，我和丈夫才收养了一只名叫杰克的一岁杂种犬，那时我刚被裁员，心爱的猫咪也在一年多前去世了，我很想念我的猫咪。

Jack is a classic shade of brown, but a cartoonish mixture of a pitbull's head and muscly chest and some unknown breed's short little legs (our best guess is corgi). Sometimes when he sneezes, his head loudly -- and hilariously -- knocks against the floor.

杰克的毛发是经典的棕色，但它的身体却是卡通般的混合体，有斗牛犬的头、肌肉发达的胸部以及某种未知犬种的短腿(我们猜测最有可能是柯基)。有时，当杰克打喷嚏时，它的头会重重地、很滑稽地撞到地板上。

In the six years we've had him, Jack has come with his share of challenges. He is an incorrigible stealer of tissues and loses his mind when the doorbell rings. But he is an expert cuddler and loves every single person he has ever met. He is silly and playful.

在我们收养杰克的六年里，它也给我们带来了很多挑战。杰克有屡教不改的偷纸巾的习惯，而且门铃一响就会发疯。但杰克是拥抱专家，它喜欢它遇见的每一个人。它又傻又顽皮。

Having Jack has helped us meet so many more of our neighbors, get much more regular exercise walking him rain or shine, and helped us teach our toddler about respecting the space and bodies of other beings.

杰克帮我们认识了很多邻居，让我们更规律地锻炼，风雨无阻地散步，还教会我们正在学走路的孩子要尊重其他人和动物的空间和身体。

But it's also meant that I've wanted to learn more about Jack and the relationship we have with our dogs. This is Science, Quickly. I'm Andrea Thompson, Scientific American's news editor for earth and environment -- and sometimes fun animal science.

但这也意味着我想更多地了解杰克，以及我们与小狗的关系。这里是《科学快播》栏目。我是安德里亚·汤普森，《科学美国人》的地球与环境新闻编辑，有时我也会报道有趣的动物科学。

Today, we're speaking with University of Maryland computer scientist and famed internet "dog mom" of a pack of golden retrievers Jen Golbeck about her new book, The Purest Bond: Understanding the Human-Canine Connection, written with science writer Stacey Colino.

今天，我们将要采访马里兰大学的计算机科学家珍·戈尔贝克，她也是网上著名的一群金毛犬的"狗妈妈"，她将会和我们聊一聊她与科学作家斯泰西·科利诺合著的新书《最纯粹的纽带：理解人与狗的联系》。

It delves into the science of how we humans relate to our puppy pals and the many ways they improve our lives. Hi Jen, thanks for speaking with us. So glad to be here!

这本书深入探讨了人类与小狗伙伴建立情感联系的方式，以及小狗如何以各种方式改善我们的生活。你好，珍，谢谢你接受我们的采访。很高兴来到这里!

One of my favorite moments in the book is when you describe how you cope with tough days and stress by lying on the floor and being enveloped "in a cloud of golden retrievers" licking and lying on top of you. It sounds like heaven.

书中我最喜欢的一个片段是，你描述了你是如何应对艰难的日子和压力的，你躺在地板上，被"云朵一样的一群金毛狗"包围着，它们用舌头舔你、趴在你身上。这听起来简直像天堂一样。

Jumping off from there, since your book is all about, you know, bond between people and their dogs, can you talk a little about some of the bonds you've had with your own pups throughout your life and what those have meant to you?

说到这里，因为你的书讲的是人与狗之间的情感纽带，你能谈谈你在生活中与自己的小狗之间的有什么纽带吗? 以及这些纽带对你来说意味着什么?

Yeah. So we open the book with middle school meets. I had a really hard time in middle school. I mean, I was bullied. Everything in life sucked. And my parents bought me a golden retriever puppy whose name was Major.

好的，这本书开篇是中学运动会的故事。我中学时过得很不开心。我被霸凌了。生活中的一切都很糟糕。然后我父母给我买了一只名叫梅杰的金毛猎犬。

And he was everything I needed at that point, you know, non-judgmental. I didn't feel awkward around him. And I loved dogs before that. But he, I think, was the first one who kind of opened my eyes to, like, the real power that that relationship can have.

我当时需要的就是梅杰，一只不会评判我的小狗。我和它在一起不会觉得局促不安。而且在那之前我就喜欢小狗。但我认为，梅杰第一次让我感受到人和小狗之间的关系所能带来的那种真正的力量。

And so fast forward a bunch of time. Right now we have five dogs. We rescue special-needs golden retrievers, seniors, hospice cases, like really complicated medical ones.

快进一段时间，现在我们有五只狗。我们救了一些有特殊需求的金毛犬，比如年龄很大的或处于临终关怀的小狗，都是一些病情很复杂的小狗。

And we get so much out of it. I can just lie on the floor and they all just like, come and envelop me. And I'm sure we'll get into this with the science.

我们从小狗那里获得了很多，我可以躺在地板上，然后它们就会跑过来围住我。我相信我们会用科学的方法来解释这种现象。

词汇预习

cope [高考]
美[koʊp] | 英[kəʊp]
vi. 应付；对抗；妥善处理 vt. 笼罩；盖上斗篷 n. 长袍；斗篷状物
puppy [高考]
美[ˈpʌpi] | 英[ˈpʌpi]
n. 小狗；自负的小伙子
playful [高考]
美[ˈplefəl] | 英[ˈpleɪfl]
adj. 爱玩耍的；嬉戏的；开玩笑的
editor [高考]
美[ˈedɪtər] | 英[ˈedɪtə(r)]
n. 编辑；编者；影片剪辑装置
tough [高考]
美[tʌf] | 英[tʌf]
adj. 强硬的；棘手的，难办的；艰苦的；严厉的；牢固的，强壮的；坚强的，坚韧的 adv. 以强硬的态度；强硬地，顽强地 n. 暴徒; 恶棍
classic [高考]
美[ˈklæsɪk] | 英[ˈklæsɪk]
n. 杰作；古典作品；第一流艺术家 adj. 最优秀的；传统的；古典的
bond [高考]
美[bɑːnd] | 英[bɒnd]
n. 债券；结合；协定；联系；情谊；黏合剂 vt. 使结合；为 ... 作保 vi. 连结；粘合
awkward [高考]
美[ˈɔːkwərd] | 英[ˈɔːkwəd]
adj. 尴尬的；笨拙的；（设计）别扭的
bunch [高考]
美[bʌntʃ] | 英[bʌntʃ]
n. 束，串，扎；一伙，一群；大量；[英]发辫（bunches）；突起 v. 捆，扎，使集中；收紧，起褶【名】（Bunch）（英）邦奇（人名）
cope with [高考]
美[koʊp wɪð] | 英[kəʊp wɪð]
对付；应付；处理
complicated [高考]
美[ˈkɑːmplɪkeɪtɪd] | 英[ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]
adj. 复杂难懂的；结构复杂的
beloved [四级]
美[bɪˈlʌvd , bɪˈlʌvɪd] | 英[bɪˈlʌvd , bɪˈlʌvɪd]
adj. 心爱的 n. 爱人
on top of [四级]
美[ɑːn tɑːp əv] | 英[ɒn tɒp ɒv]
在 ... 之上；停留在…之上；加之；控制住；对…了如指掌
lie on [四级]
美[lai ɑn] | 英[lai ɔn]
依赖；压迫
out of [六级]
美[aʊt ʌv] | 英[aut ɔv]
prep. 离…一段距离；从…里；离开 ...；出于
kind of [六级]
美[kaɪnd ʌv] | 英[kaind ɔv]
adv. 有点儿
at that [六级]
美[æt ðæt] | 英[æt ðæt]
而且，因此
envelop [六级]
美[ɪnˈveləp] | 英[ɪnˈveləp]
vt. 包封；遮盖；包围
hospice [专八]
美[ˈhɑspɪs] | 英[ˈhɒspɪs]
n. (宗教团体等所办的) 旅客住宿处；(晚期病人)护理所
non [考研]
美[nɒn] | 英[nɒn]
adv. [拉]非；不是

重点讲解

Ever**** since I was a kid,**** I wanted**** a dog.**** But it**** wasn****'t until I was an**** adult --**** newly laid**** off and missing a beloved cat that**** had passed**** more**** than**** a year**** earlier --**** that**** my**** husband and I adopted a 1-year****-old mutt**** named Jack****.****

我小时候就想养一只狗。但直到我成年后，我和丈夫才收养了一只名叫杰克的一岁杂种犬，那时我刚被裁员，心爱的猫咪也在一年多前去世了，我很想念我的猫咪。

Jack is a classic shade of brown, but a cartoonish mixture of a pitbull's head and muscly chest and some unknown breed's short little legs (our best guess is corgi). Sometimes when he sneezes, his head loudly -- and hilariously -- knocks against the floor.

杰克的毛发是经典的棕色，但它的身体却是卡通般的混合体，有斗牛犬的头、肌肉发达的胸部以及某种未知犬种的短腿(我们猜测最有可能是柯基)。有时，当杰克打喷嚏时，它的头会重重地、很滑稽地撞到地板上。

breed v. & n.

1. 作动词：繁殖；饲养；养育

【例】Rabbits breed rapidly. 兔子繁殖速度很快。

to breed a new type of wheat 培育新品种小麦

to breed his son to be a sailor 把他的儿子培养成水手

【拓展】well-bred/cross-bred/pure-bred adj. 有教养的/杂交的/纯种的

2. 作名词：（人工培育的）品种

【例】What breed is your dog?

你的狗是什么品种的？

【近义词】species/strain/variety n. 品种/变种

In the six years we've had him, Jack has come with his share of challenges. He is an incorrigible stealer of tissues and loses his mind when the doorbell rings. But he is an expert cuddler and loves every single person he has ever met. He is silly and playful.

在我们收养杰克的六年里，它也给我们带来了很多挑战。杰克有屡教不改的偷纸巾的习惯，而且门铃一响就会发疯。但杰克是拥抱专家，它喜欢它遇见的每一个人。它又傻又顽皮。

incorrigible adj. 屡教不改的；不可救药的

【例】She has an incorrigible habit of talking during movies.

她看电影时喜欢说话，这个习惯怎么都改不掉。

【近义词】incurable/unchangeable adj. 不可救药的/无法改变的

Having Jack has helped us meet so many more of our neighbors, get much more regular exercise walking him rain or shine, and helped us teach our toddler about respecting the space and bodies of other beings.

杰克帮我们认识了很多邻居，让我们更规律地锻炼，风雨无阻地散步，还教会我们正在学走路的孩子要尊重其他人和动物的空间和身体。

rain or shine 风雨无阻；无论晴天还是雨天

【例】We'll hold the picnic rain or shine.

我们将无论晴雨都会举行野餐。

【拓展】a rain-or-shine event 无论环境如何都会进行的活动

但这也意味着我想更多地了解杰克，以及我们与小狗的关系。这里是《科学快播》栏目。我是安德里亚·汤普森，《科学美国人》的地球与环境新闻编辑，有时我也会报道有趣的动物科学。

rain or shine 风雨无阻；无论晴天还是雨天

【例】We'll hold the picnic rain or shine.

我们将无论晴雨都会举行野餐。

【拓展】a rain-or-shine event 无论环境如何都会进行的活动

Today, we're speaking with University of Maryland computer scientist and famed internet "dog mom" of a pack of golden retrievers Jen Golbeck about her new book, The Purest Bond: Understanding the Human-Canine Connection, written with science writer Stacey Colino.

今天，我们将要采访马里兰大学的计算机科学家珍·戈尔贝克，她也是网上著名的一群金毛犬的"狗妈妈"，她将会和我们聊一聊她与科学作家斯泰西·科利诺合著的新书《最纯粹的纽带：理解人与狗的联系》。

a pack of 一群（动物或野兽）；一群人（尤指讨厌的人）

【例】a pack of hounds/journalists 一群猎狗/记者

【拓展】wolves hunting in packs 成群猎食的狼

【拓展】a flock of birds/a herd of cows/a school of fish

一群鸟/一群奶牛/一群鱼

delve into 深入探究

【例】to delve into the topic/his memory

深入研究这个主题/挖掘记忆深处的信息

【近义词】dig into/probe into 深入调查

relate to

1. 与……相关；涉及

【例】The parts of the book that relate to his childhood are particularly interesting.

书里面与他的童年有关的那几部分特别有趣。

2. 产生情感共鸣；建立联系

【例】 I can really relate to the way she feels./ I can’t relate more.

我真的可以理解她的感受。/深有同感。

It delves into the science of how we humans relate to our puppy pals and the many ways they improve our lives. Hi Jen, thanks for speaking with us. So glad to be here!

这本书深入探讨了人类与小狗伙伴建立情感联系的方式，以及小狗如何以各种方式改善我们的生活。你好，珍，谢谢你接受我们的采访。很高兴来到这里!

a pack of 一群（动物或野兽）；一群人（尤指讨厌的人）

【例】a pack of hounds/journalists 一群猎狗/记者

【拓展】wolves hunting in packs 成群猎食的狼

【拓展】a flock of birds/a herd of cows/a school of fish

一群鸟/一群奶牛/一群鱼

delve into 深入探究

【例】to delve into the topic/his memory

深入研究这个主题/挖掘记忆深处的信息

【近义词】dig into/probe into 深入调查

relate to

1. 与……相关；涉及

【例】The parts of the book that relate to his childhood are particularly interesting.

书里面与他的童年有关的那几部分特别有趣。

2. 产生情感共鸣；建立联系

【例】 I can really relate to the way she feels./ I can’t relate more.

我真的可以理解她的感受。/深有同感。

One of my favorite moments in the book is when you describe how you cope with tough days and stress by lying on the floor and being enveloped "in a cloud of golden retrievers" licking and lying on top of you. It sounds like heaven.

书中我最喜欢的一个片段是，你描述了你是如何应对艰难的日子和压力的，你躺在地板上，被"云朵一样的一群金毛狗"包围着，它们用舌头舔你、趴在你身上。这听起来简直像天堂一样。

envelop v. 盖住；裹住

【例】A sense of sadness enveloped him.

一种悲伤的感觉笼罩了他。

【近义词】cover/surround v. 盖住；环绕

【辨析】envelope n. 信封

说到这里，因为你的书讲的是人与狗之间的情感纽带，你能谈谈你在生活中与自己的小狗之间的有什么纽带吗? 以及这些纽带对你来说意味着什么?

envelop v. 盖住；裹住

【例】A sense of sadness enveloped him.

一种悲伤的感觉笼罩了他。

【近义词】cover/surround v. 盖住；环绕

【辨析】envelope n. 信封

好的，这本书开篇是中学运动会的故事。我中学时过得很不开心。我被霸凌了。生活中的一切都很糟糕。然后我父母给我买了一只名叫梅杰的金毛猎犬。

judgmental adj. 爱评判的；爱批评他人的

【例】She's very judgmental about people who have a different lifestyle.

她很喜欢批评那些与她生活方式不同的人。

【拓展】judge v. 评头论足；批评

【辨析】critical adj. 批判的；辩证的

And he was everything I needed at that point, you know, non-judgmental. I didn't feel awkward around him. And I loved dogs before that. But he, I think, was the first one who kind of opened my eyes to, like, the real power that that relationship can have.

我当时需要的就是梅杰，一只不会评判我的小狗。我和它在一起不会觉得局促不安。而且在那之前我就喜欢小狗。但我认为，梅杰第一次让我感受到人和小狗之间的关系所能带来的那种真正的力量。

judgmental adj. 爱评判的；爱批评他人的

【例】She's very judgmental about people who have a different lifestyle.

她很喜欢批评那些与她生活方式不同的人。

【拓展】judge v. 评头论足；批评

【辨析】critical adj. 批判的；辩证的

And so fast forward a bunch of time. Right now we have five dogs. We rescue special-needs golden retrievers, seniors, hospice cases, like really complicated medical ones.

快进一段时间，现在我们有五只狗。我们救了一些有特殊需求的金毛犬，比如年龄很大的或处于临终关怀的小狗，都是一些病情很复杂的小狗。

hospice n. 临终关怀；临终安养院

【例】Her grandmother spent her last days in a hospice.

她的祖母在临终安养院度过了她的最后时光。

【拓展】hospice care/terminally ill 临终关怀/病危临终的

And we get so much out of it. I can just lie on the floor and they all just like, come and envelop me. And I'm sure we'll get into this with the science.

我们从小狗那里获得了很多，我可以躺在地板上，然后它们就会跑过来围住我。我相信我们会用科学的方法来解释这种现象。

hospice n. 临终关怀；临终安养院

【例】Her grandmother spent her last days in a hospice.

她的祖母在临终安养院度过了她的最后时光。

【拓展】hospice care/terminally ill 临终关怀/病危临终的

课后练习

Why did the author decide to adopt a dog?
A. Because she was lonely after being laid off.
B. Because her husband insisted on adopting a dog.
C. Because she always disliked cats and preferred dogs.
D. Because Jack was the last dog left at the animal shelter.
What impacts has Jack had on the author’s life?
A. Jack has caused many big troubles for the author.
B. Jack has helped the author to live a healthy and happy life.
C. Jack has helped the author’s kid to overcome the fear of dogs.
D. Jack has made the author the most popular person in the neighborhood.
What is the main topic of Jen Golbeck's new book?
A. The challenges of raising a pack of golden retrievers.
B. The science of the connection between people and their dogs.
C. The story of how Jen Golbeck became a famous internet “dog mom”.
D. The techniques that Jen Golbeck uses to cope with stress.
What was the significant role of Major in Jen Golbeck's life?
A. Major defended Jen Golbeck against the bullies in middle school.
B. Major represented the love of Golbeck's parents for her.
C. Major inspired Jen Golbeck to start to rescue sick dogs.
D. Major made Jen Golbeck realize the power of human-dog bond.