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私人日记为谁而写？
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许多人都有写日记的打算，尤其是在新年之际。有些人开始写了。有些人甚至能坚持下来。但为什么要写日记，日记又是为谁而写呢？
双语精读
Many people think about writing a diary, especially at New Year. Some start. Some even keep it up. But why write, and for whom?
许多人都有写日记的打算，尤其是在新年之际。有些人开始写了。有些人甚至能坚持下来。但为什么要写日记，日记又是为谁而写呢？
Whether a novice facing a blank page or a seasoned scribbler with years of good meals and gossip in irregular notebooks, almost any diarist has asked themselves that question.
无论是面对一张白纸的新手，还是多年来在笔记本上不定期记录了许多美食和传闻的经验丰富的写手，几乎所有写日记的人都会问自己这个问题。
Sally Bayley of the University of Oxford, author of "The Private Life of the Diary", regards sharing on social media as the antithesis of diary-keeping. The journal is "an attempt to be honest with yourself".
牛津大学的萨莉·贝利是《日记的私生活》一书的作者，她认为在社交媒体上分享生活与写日记是对立的。写日记是“尝试对自己以诚相待”。
It is "an internal territory, which you are mapping onto the page", inseparable from privacy. Even Sylvia Plath, a "theatrical individual", Dr Bayley notes, wrote a diary in order to "generate a voice in private".
它是“内心的疆域，被你映射到纸页上”，与隐私密不可分。贝利博士指出，即使是西尔维娅·普拉斯这样的“个性夸张的人”，写日记也是为了“在私下发出声音”。
Yet diaries have also long been shared, if more discreetly than on TikTok. Keeping a journal rose in popularity in the 19th century, especially among women.
然而，人们很早就开始分享日记了，只是比TikTok上的做法更谨慎一些。在19世纪，写日记变得流行起来，尤其是在女性中。
According to Cynthia Huff, an academic specialist in Victorian culture, diary-sharing then was "extremely common".
研究维多利亚时代文化的专家辛西娅·赫夫表示，当时分享日记“非常普遍”。
Diaries were read aloud, sent to friends or left open for visitors to peruse. "That distinction between public and private really doesn't hold at all," says Professor Huff. Some diaries served practical uses, sharing advice on self-improvement, pregnancy or childbirth.
日记被大声朗读出来、送给朋友、翻开供访客细读。赫夫教授说：“这种公开与私密之间的区别根本站不住脚。”因为一些日记有实际用途，分享了关于自我提升、怀孕或分娩的建议。
British women in the colonies often sent diaries back home. They were "creating an extended family through these diaries" and fostering an ocean-spanning sense of Englishness.
在殖民地的英国妇女经常把日记寄回家乡。她们“通过这些日记创造了延伸的家庭”，并促进了一种跨越海洋的英国特色的形成。
Many journal videos also create a sense of community. They share stories of isolation: of suffering homophobia, struggles with body image or early romantic obsessions.
许多日记视频也创造了一种社群氛围。他们分享自己曾感到孤立无援的故事：对同性恋感到恐惧，因为身材外形而苦恼不堪，或早些时候对某人的狂热迷恋。
They poke fun at the distorted expectations of youth and the disappointments of adulthood, with the ear of sympathetic strangers.
他们对青春期时扭曲的期望和成年后的失望进行自嘲，观看视频的陌生人对此抱以同情态度。
Some diary-sharers go further. At Queer Diary, a series of events across Britain begun in 2020 by Beth Watson, a performer, LGBTQ adults read their old diaries to a live audience.
一些日记分享者走得更远。演员贝丝·沃森于2020年开始在英国各地举办“酷儿日记”活动，让LGBTQ成年人向现场观众朗读他们以前写的日记。
The drama, confusion and mayhem of teenage life are performed to a sympathetic crowd. The celebration, Ms Watson says, is as important as the reflection.
将青春期生活中的戏剧性、困惑和混乱演绎给具有同情心的人们。沃森表示，这种庆祝活动和写日记记录同等重要。
The symbiosis of secrecy and celebration was perhaps best understood by Anais Nin, a 20th-century French-born American whose diary was an unapologetic exercise in self-creation.
阿奈伊·宁或许最能理解这种私密故事与公开庆祝的共生关系，她是一位20世纪出生于法国的美国人，她的日记就是毫不让步的自我创造活动。
"I am in my Journal, and in my Journal only, nowhere else. Nothing shows on the outside. Perhaps I do not exist except as a fantastic character in this story."
“我存在于我的日记里，而且只存在于日记里，不存在于任何其他地方。日记之外并不显示任何的我。也许除了作为这个故事中的奇妙角色之外，我并不存在。”
"We write to taste life twice," Nin wrote, "in the moment and in retrospection." She spent her last years reading her diaries to worshipping crowds. Like today's influencers, she knew that retrospection tastes much sweeter in company.
“我们写作是为了品味生活两次，”宁写道，“一次是在当下，一次是在回顾往事时。”她在生命的最后几年里一直在给她的崇拜者们朗读日记。像如今的网红一样，她知道比起独自追忆，众人相聚品尝的回忆味道要甜美得多。
词汇预习
individual [高考]
美[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl] | 英[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]
adj. 单独的；一个人的；独有的 n. 个人；个体
extremely [高考]
美[ɪkˈstriːmli] | 英[ɪkˈstriːmli]
adv. 非常；极其
gossip [高考]
美[ˈɡɑːsɪp] | 英[ˈɡɒsɪp]
n. 流言蜚语；爱说长道短的人；闲话 vi. 散播(流言蜚语)
Oxford [高考]
美[ˈɑːksfərd] | 英[ˈɒksfəd]
n. 牛津城；牛津大学；牛津布；牛津鞋
creation [高考]
美[kriˈeɪʃn] | 英[kriˈeɪʃn]
n. 创造；创作
sympathetic [高考]
美[ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk] | 英[ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk]
adj. 同情的；共鸣的；赞同的 n. 交感神经
journal [高考]
美[ˈdʒɜːrnl] | 英[ˈdʒɜːnl]
n. 日志；日记；期刊
reflection [高考]
美[rɪˈflekʃn] | 英[rɪˈflekʃn]
n. 倒影；反射；反映；沉思；考虑
generate [高考]
美[ˈdʒenəreɪt] | 英[ˈdʒenəreɪt]
vt. 产生；发生；引起
adulthood [高考]
美[əˈdʌlthʊd] | 英[ˈædʌlthʊd]
n. 成年
privacy [高考]
美[ˈpraɪvəsi] | 英[ˈprɪvəsi]
n. 隐居；隐私；秘密；私生活
romantic [高考]
美[roʊˈmæntɪk] | 英[rəʊˈmæntɪk]
adj. 浪漫的；不切实际的 n. 浪漫的人
internal [高考]
美[ɪnˈtɜːrnl] | 英[ɪnˈtɜːnl]
adj. 国内的；内部的；身内的
suffering [高考]
美[ˈsʌfərɪŋ] | 英[ˈsʌfərɪŋ]
n. 痛苦；受难
isolation [高考]
美[ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn] | 英[ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn]
n. 隔离；孤立
media [高考]
美[ˈmiːdiə] | 英[ˈmiːdiə]
n. 传播媒介；(medium的复数)媒体；新闻媒介
academic [高考]
美[ˌækəˈdemɪk] | 英[ˌækəˈdemɪk]
adj. 学院的；学术的；理论的 n. 大学教师，大学生；学者，学究
specialist [高考]
美[ˈspeʃəlɪst] | 英[ˈspeʃəlɪst]
n. 专家；专科医生；专食性动物
self [高考]
美[self] | 英[self]
n. 自己；本性；自我 pron. 我自己；你自己；他或她自己 adj.同一的；纯净的；单一的 v. 近亲繁殖；自花授粉
distinction [高考]
美[dɪˈstɪŋkʃn] | 英[dɪˈstɪŋkʃn]
n. 荣誉；差别；优秀；对比；区分
performer [高考]
美[pərˈfɔːrmər] | 英[pəˈfɔːmə(r)]
n. 表演者；执行者
in order [高考]
美[ɪn 'ɔːrdər] | 英[ɪn 'ɔːdə]
整齐；秩序井然；按顺序
a series of [高考]
美[ə ˈsɪriːz əv] | 英[ə ˈsɪəriːz ɒv]
一系列, 一连串
in private [高考]
美[ɪn 'praɪvɪt] | 英[ɪn 'praɪvɪt]
秘密地； 私下地
onto [高考]
美[ˈɑːntə , ˈɑːntu] | 英[ˈɒntə , ˈɒntu]
prep. 到 ... 上
further [高考]
美[ˈfɜːrðər] | 英[ˈfɜːðə(r)]
adv. 更远地，再往前地；进一步；此外，而且 adj. 更多的，进一步的；（距离上）更远的，较远的 v. 促进，推进
territory [高考]
美[ˈterətɔːri] | 英[ˈterətri]
n. 领土；领域；版图；范围
irregular [高考]
美[ɪˈreɡjələr] | 英[ɪˈreɡjələ(r)]
adj. 不规则的；不整齐的；不合法的；不合规矩的 n. 不合格品；非正规军
confusion [四级]
美[kənˈfjuːʒn] | 英[kənˈfjuːʒn]
n. 惶惑；混淆；混乱；不确定状态
inseparable [四级]
美[ɪnˈsɛpərəbəl,-ˈsɛprə-] | 英[ɪnˈseprəbl]
adj. 不能分的
extended [四级]
美[ɪkˈstendɪd] | 英[ɪkˈstendɪd]
adj. 长期的；广大的；伸展的
poke [六级]
美[poʊk] | 英[pəʊk]
n. 戳；刺；拨；钱袋 v. 戳；捅；刺；拨开；伸出
mayhem [专八]
美[ˈmeˌhɛm] | 英[ˈmeɪhem]
n. 骚乱，混乱；故意伤害罪，重伤罪；蓄意破坏
Victorian [考研]
美[vɪkˈtɔriən, -ˈtor-] | 英[vɪkˈtɔ:riən]
adj. 维多利亚女王时代的；英国维多利亚女王时代的 n. 维多利亚时代；维多利亚女王时代的人
childbirth [考研]
美[ˈtʃaɪldbɜrθ] | 英[ˈtʃaɪldbɜ:θ]
n. 分娩
symbiosis [托福]
美[ˌsɪmbaɪˈoʊsɪs] | 英[ˌsɪmbaɪˈəʊsɪs]
n. 共生；共栖
重点讲解
Many people think about writing a diary, especially at New Year. Some start. Some even keep it up. But why write, and for whom?
许多人都有写日记的打算，尤其是在新年之际。有些人开始写了。有些人甚至能坚持下来。但为什么要写日记，日记又是为谁而写呢？
keep sth. up
1. 使某事物保持（在同一水平，通常指高水平）
【例】They sang songs to keep their spirits up.
他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。
2. 沿用（或沿袭、保持）某事物
【例】to keep up old traditions 保持老传统
【拓展】keep up
1. （与…）并驾齐驱；跟上
【例】Slow down—I can't keep up!
慢点，我跟不上了！
2. （天气）持续不变
【例】The rain kept up all afternoon.
雨下了整整一个下午。
3. 使某人熬夜（或开夜车、不睡觉）
【例】I hope we're not keeping you up.
希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。
Whether a novice facing a blank page or a seasoned scribbler with years of good meals and gossip in irregular notebooks, almost any diarist has asked themselves that question.
无论是面对一张白纸的新手，还是多年来在笔记本上不定期记录了许多美食和传闻的经验丰富的写手，几乎所有写日记的人都会问自己这个问题。
novice n. 初学者
【例】I'm a complete novice at skiing.
滑雪我完全是个新手。
seasoned a.
1. 调好味的；加了作料的
【例】The sausage was very highly seasoned.
这香肠调味很浓。
2. 经验丰富的
【例】a seasoned performer 经验丰富的表演者
【拓展】season n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）季节；旺季
【例】the tourist season 旅游旺季
（2）（时装、发型等的）流行期；（戏剧在某地的）演出期
【例】This season's look is soft and romantic.
这段时间的流行风格是柔和、浪漫。
2. 作动词：加调料调味
【例】Season the lamb with garlic.
给羊肉加蒜调味。
gossip n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）传闻，流言蜚语
【例】Do you want to hear some juicy gossip?
你想听些有趣的传闻吗？
（2）闲聊，闲话
【例】Phil is having a gossip with Maggie.
菲尔在跟玛吉闲聊。
（3）爱说长道短的人（贬义）
【例】Rick’s a terrible gossip.
里克就爱说三道四。
2. 作动词：说闲话，说长道短
【例】The whole town was gossiping about them.
全镇的人都在议论他们。
Sally Bayley of the University of Oxford, author of “The Private Life of the Diary”, regards sharing on social media as the antithesis of diary-keeping. The journal is “an attempt to be honest with yourself”.
牛津大学的萨莉·贝利是《日记的私生活》一书的作者，她认为在社交媒体上分享生活与写日记是对立的。写日记是“尝试对自己以诚相待”。
antithesis n. 对立面；相反，相对
【例】Love is the antithesis of selfishness.
爱是自私的对立面。
inseparable a.
1. （人）常在一起的，亲密无间的
【例】Tom was inseparable from his dog Snowy.
汤姆和他的狗“雪儿”形影不离。
2. （事物）分不开的；不可分离的
【例】Britain’s economic fortunes are inseparable from the world situation.
英国的经济命运和世界局势密不可分。
It is “an internal territory, which you are mapping onto the page”, inseparable from privacy. Even Sylvia Plath, a “theatrical individual”, Dr Bayley notes, wrote a diary in order to “generate a voice in private”.
它是“内心的疆域，被你映射到纸页上”，与隐私密不可分。贝利博士指出，即使是西尔维娅·普拉斯这样的“个性夸张的人”，写日记也是为了“在私下发出声音”。
antithesis n. 对立面；相反，相对
【例】Love is the antithesis of selfishness.
爱是自私的对立面。
inseparable a.
1. （人）常在一起的，亲密无间的
【例】Tom was inseparable from his dog Snowy.
汤姆和他的狗“雪儿”形影不离。
2. （事物）分不开的；不可分离的
【例】Britain’s economic fortunes are inseparable from the world situation.
英国的经济命运和世界局势密不可分。
Yet diaries have**** also**** long**** been**** shared****,**** if**** more**** discreetly**** than**** on**** TikTok****.**** Keeping a journal rose**** in**** popularity**** in**** the 19th**** century,**** especially**** among women.****
然而，人们很早就开始分享日记了，只是比TikTok上的做法更谨慎一些。在19世纪，写日记变得流行起来，尤其是在女性中。
According to**** Cynthia Huff****,**** an**** academic**** specialist**** in**** Victorian culture,**** diary-sharing then**** was “extremely**** common****”.
研究维多利亚时代文化的专家辛西娅·赫夫表示，当时分享日记“非常普遍”。
Diaries were**** read**** aloud,**** sent**** to**** friends or**** left**** open**** for visitors**** to**** peruse****.**** “That distinction between public**** and private really**** doesn’t hold**** at**** all,” says**** Professor Huff****.**** Some**** diaries served**** practical uses****,**** sharing advice**** on**** self****-improvement,**** pregnancy or**** childbirth****.****
日记被大声朗读出来、送给朋友、翻开供访客细读。赫夫教授说：“这种公开与私密之间的区别根本站不住脚。”因为一些日记有实际用途，分享了关于自我提升、怀孕或分娩的建议。
British women in the colonies often sent diaries back home. They were “creating an extended family through these diaries” and fostering an ocean-spanning sense of Englishness.
在殖民地的英国妇女经常把日记寄回家乡。她们“通过这些日记创造了延伸的家庭”，并促进了一种跨越海洋的英国特色的形成。
foster v. & a.
1. 作动词
（1）促进，培养
【例】The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.
俱乐部的宗旨是促进团体内部的关系。
（2）代养，照料（他人子女）
【例】The couple wanted to adopt a black child they had been fostering.
那对夫妇想收养他们代养的一个黑人小孩。
2. 作形容词：代养的
【例】a foster mother/child 养母/养子
Many journal videos also create a sense of community. They share stories of isolation: of suffering homophobia, struggles with body image or early romantic obsessions.
许多日记视频也创造了一种社群氛围。他们分享自己曾感到孤立无援的故事：对同性恋感到恐惧，因为身材外形而苦恼不堪，或早些时候对某人的狂热迷恋。
poke fun at 嘲弄，拿…寻开心
【例】Her novels poke fun at the upper class.
她的小说嘲弄上流社会。
queer a. & n. & v.
1. 作形容词：奇怪的；反常的
【例】She gave a queer laugh.
她古怪地笑了笑。
2. 作名词：同性恋者（尤指男性，贬义）；性少数群体
3. 作动词：破坏
【例】queer sb.’s pitch/queer the pitch for sb. 破坏某人的计划
They poke fun at the distorted expectations of youth and the disappointments of adulthood, with the ear of sympathetic strangers.
他们对青春期时扭曲的期望和成年后的失望进行自嘲，观看视频的陌生人对此抱以同情态度。
poke fun at 嘲弄，拿…寻开心
【例】Her novels poke fun at the upper class.
她的小说嘲弄上流社会。
queer a. & n. & v.
1. 作形容词：奇怪的；反常的
【例】She gave a queer laugh.
她古怪地笑了笑。
2. 作名词：同性恋者（尤指男性，贬义）；性少数群体
3. 作动词：破坏
【例】queer sb.’s pitch/queer the pitch for sb. 破坏某人的计划
Some diary-sharers go further. At Queer Diary, a series of events across Britain begun in 2020 by Beth Watson, a performer, LGBTQ adults read their old diaries to a live audience.
一些日记分享者走得更远。演员贝丝·沃森于2020年开始在英国各地举办“酷儿日记”活动，让LGBTQ成年人向现场观众朗读他们以前写的日记。
poke fun at 嘲弄，拿…寻开心
【例】Her novels poke fun at the upper class.
她的小说嘲弄上流社会。
queer a. & n. & v.
1. 作形容词：奇怪的；反常的
【例】She gave a queer laugh.
她古怪地笑了笑。
2. 作名词：同性恋者（尤指男性，贬义）；性少数群体
3. 作动词：破坏
【例】queer sb.’s pitch/queer the pitch for sb. 破坏某人的计划
The drama, confusion and mayhem of teenage life are performed to a sympathetic crowd. The celebration, Ms Watson says, is as important as the reflection.
将青春期生活中的戏剧性、困惑和混乱演绎给具有同情心的人们。沃森表示，这种庆祝活动和写日记记录同等重要。
reflection n.
1. 映像；倒影
【例】Can you see your reflection in the glass?
你能看到玻璃里你的影像吗？
2. 深思，仔细考虑
【例】A week off would give him time for reflection.
歇上一周会使他有时间考虑考虑
3. 显示，表达；记录
【例】The article is an accurate reflection of events that day.
这篇文章准确地记录了那天发生的事。
The symbiosis of**** secrecy and celebration was perhaps best**** understood**** by**** Anais Nin,**** a 20th****-century French****-born**** American**** whose diary was an**** unapologetic**** exercise**** in**** self****-creation****.****
阿奈伊·宁或许最能理解这种私密故事与公开庆祝的共生关系，她是一位20世纪出生于法国的美国人，她的日记就是毫不让步的自我创造活动。
“I am in**** my**** Journal,**** and in**** my**** Journal only****,**** nowhere else****.**** Nothing shows on**** the outside.**** Perhaps I do**** not exist except**** as**** a fantastic character in**** this**** story.”
“我存在于我的日记里，而且只存在于日记里，不存在于任何其他地方。日记之外并不显示任何的我。也许除了作为这个故事中的奇妙角色之外，我并不存在。”
“We write to taste life twice,” Nin wrote, “in the moment and in retrospection.” She spent her last years reading her diaries to worshipping crowds. Like today’s influencers, she knew that retrospection tastes much sweeter in company.
“我们写作是为了品味生活两次，”宁写道，“一次是在当下，一次是在回顾往事时。”她在生命的最后几年里一直在给她的崇拜者们朗读日记。像如今的网红一样，她知道比起独自追忆，众人相聚品尝的回忆味道要甜美得多。
company n.
1. 公司
【例】the largest computer company in the world 全球最大的计算机公司
2. 陪伴；做伴
【例】He's coming with me for company.
他要陪伴我一起来。
3. 客人
【例】I didn't realize you had company.
我不知道你有客人。
4. 剧团；演出团
【例】a touring company 巡演剧团
课后练习
What does Sally Bayley think about diary-keeping?
A. She believes that diary-keeping and social media sharing are complementary.
B. She views diary-keeping as a way to share one’s life with other people.
C. She considers diary-keeping to be a private endeavor.
D. She thinks social media has facilitated diary-keeping.
What was one of the reasons for diary sharing in the 19th century?
A. To spread English culture in the colonies
B. To keep a public record of historical events.
C. To compete with the emerging popularity of newspapers.
D. To share useful knowledge and make contact with the family.
What purpose do Queer Diary events serve according to Beth Watson?
A. To collect interesting personal experiences of LGBTQ people.
B. To perform the drama adapted from diaries to British audiences.
C. To celebrate the teenage life of LGBTQ people and foster a sense of identity.
D. To offer a platform for teenagers to display their talent in writing and reading.
What is the subject of the article?
A. The different practices of writing a diary.
B. The debate whether diaries should be shared.
C. The influence of social media on diary-keeping.
D. The connection between self-creation and the diary.