海豹突击队训练死亡事件(上)

凯尔·马伦总是有种天生的冲劲和才能，似乎轻而易举就能获得成功。

双语精读

Kyle Mullen always had the natural drive and talent that made success look easy. Until he tried out for the Navy SEALs.

凯尔·马伦总是有种天生的冲劲和才能，似乎轻而易举就能获得成功。直到他参加了美国海军海豹突击队的选拔。

The 24-year-old arrived on the California coast in January for the SEALs' punishing selection course in the best shape of his life -- even better than when he was a state champion defensive end in high school or the captain of the football team at Yale.

24岁的他今年1月来到加州海岸，参加海豹突击队严酷的选拔课程，这是他人生中身体最壮硕的时候--甚至比他在高中时作为州防守边锋冠军或耶鲁大学橄榄球队队长时还要好。

But by the middle of the course's third week -- a continual gut punch of physical and mental hardship, sleep deprivation and hypothermia that the SEALs call Hell Week -- the 6-foot-4-inch athlete from Manalapan, N.J., was dead-eyed with exhaustion, riddled with infection and coughing up blood from lungs that were so full of fluid that others who were there said later that he sounded like he was gargling.

但是到了该课程第三周的中期--这个过程伴随着持续不断的身心痛苦、睡眠不足和体温过低，海豹突击队称之为地狱周--这位身高6英尺4英寸、来自新泽西州马纳拉潘的体育健将双目无光、疲惫不堪，满身感染、咳血不止，肺部积满液体，在场的其他人后来说，他咳嗽的声音听起来像是在漱口。

The course began with 210 men. By the middle of Hell Week, 189 had quit or been brought down by injury.

该课程开始时有210名男性。到地狱周中期，189人退出或因伤倒下。

But Seaman Mullen kept on slogging for days, spitting blood all the while. The instructors and medics conducting the course, perhaps out of admiration for his grit, did not stop him. And he made it.

但是士兵马伦咬牙坚持了好几天，期间一直在吐血。也许是出于对他坚毅品质的赞赏，带领该课程的教练和卫生员并没有阻止他。他也坚持了下来。

When he struggled out of the cold ocean at the end of Hell Week, SEAL leaders shook his hand, gave him a pizza and told him to get some rest. Then he went back to his barracks and lay down on the floor. A few hours later, his heart stopped beating and he died.

在地狱周结束时，他挣扎着从冰冷的海水中爬出来，海豹突击队的领导们和他握了手，给了他一份披萨，并让他休息一下。然后他回到营房，躺在地上。几个小时后，他的心脏停止跳动，他死了。

That same afternoon, another man who survived Hell Week had to be intubated. Two more were hospitalized that evening.

就在当天下午，另一个从地狱周幸存下来的人不得不插管治疗。当晚又有两人入院就医。

The SEAL teams have faced criticism for decades, both from outsiders and their own Navy leadership, that their selection course, known as Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL training or BUD/S, is too difficult, too brutal, and too often causes concussions, broken bones, dangerous infections and near-drownings. Since 1953, at least 11 men have died.

几十年来，海豹突击队一直面临着来自外界和海军领导层的批评，称他们的选拔课程，即基本水中爆破/海豹突击队训练（BUD/S），难度过高、过于残酷，而且经常导致脑震荡、骨折、感染危险以及接近溺水。自1953年以来，至少有11人身亡。

For just as long, the SEAL teams, who perform some of the military's most difficult missions, including lightning-fast hostage rescues and the killing of high-level terrorists like Osama Bin Laden, have insisted that having a bare-knuckle rite of passage is vital for producing the kind of unflinching fighters the teams need. Without BUD/S, they argue, there could be no SEALs.

海豹突击队执行着军方一些最艰巨的任务，包括闪电般快速解救人质，以及击毙奥萨马·本·拉登等高级恐怖分子。长时间以来，海豹突击队一直坚持认为，要培养出他们所需要的那种不屈不挠的战士，举行一场严酷的通过仪式至关重要。他们认为，如果没有基本水中爆破训练，就不会有海豹突击队。

词汇预习

• punch [高考]

  美[pʌntʃ] | 英[pʌntʃ]

  vt. 用拳猛击；开洞；剪票；按(键) n. 打洞器，钻孔机，殴打; 冲床; 影响力

• selection [高考]

  美[sɪˈlekʃn] | 英[sɪˈlekʃn]

  n. 选择；挑选；挑选出来的人或事

• defensive [高考]

  美[dɪˈfensɪv] | 英[dɪˈfensɪv]

  adj. 防卫的；防御的；辩护的 n. 防卫姿势；防卫物

• military [高考]

  美[ˈmɪləteri] | 英[ˈmɪlətri]

  adj. 军事的 n. 军队

• criticism [高考]

  美[ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm] | 英[ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm]

  n. 批评；评论

• admiration [高考]

  美[ˌædməˈreɪʃn] | 英[ˌædməˈreɪʃn]

  n. 钦佩；赞赏

• exhaustion [高考]

  美[ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən] | 英[ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən]

  n. 疲惫；筋疲力尽；竭尽

• continual [高考]

  美[kənˈtɪnjuəl] | 英[kənˈtɪnjuəl]

  adj. 不断的；频繁的；连续的

• mental [高考]

  美[ˈmentl] | 英[ˈmentl]

  adj. 思想的；心理的；精神的；脑力的 n. 精神病患者

• quit [高考]

  美[kwɪt] | 英[kwɪt]

  v. 停止；离开；退出；辞职 n. 离开；[计] 退出 adj. 摆脱了…的；已经了结的

• vital [高考]

  美[ˈvaɪtl] | 英[ˈvaɪtl]

  adj. 至关重要的；有活力的；生死攸关的

• injury [高考]

  美[ˈɪndʒəri] | 英[ˈɪndʒəri]

  n. 伤害；损害

• inch [高考]

  美[ɪntʃ] | 英[ɪntʃ]

  n. 英寸；少量 v. 慢慢移动

• hardship [高考]

  美[ˈhɑːrdʃɪp] | 英[ˈhɑːdʃɪp]

  n. 艰难；困苦

• bare [高考]

  美[ber] | 英[beə(r)]

  adj. 赤裸的；空的；仅有的；贫瘠的，荒芜的 vt. 使裸露；暴露

• lightning [高考]

  美[ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] | 英[ˈlaɪtnɪŋ]

  n. 闪电；意外的幸运 adj. 闪电般的；快速的

• end in [高考]

  美[ɛnd ɪn] | 英[end in]

  以 ... 告终

• infection [高考]

  美[ɪnˈfekʃn] | 英[ɪnˈfekʃn]

  n. 传染；传染病；影响

• fluid [高考]

  美[ˈfluːɪd] | 英[ˈfluːɪd]

  n. 液体；流体 adj. 流动的；流畅的；不定的

• broken [高考]

  美[ˈbroʊkən] | 英[ˈbrəʊkən]

  adj. 弄坏的；破碎的

• pizza [四级]

  美[ˈpiːtsə] | 英[ˈpiːtsə]

  n. 比萨饼

• gut [四级]

  美[ɡʌt] | 英[ɡʌt]

  n. 内脏；肠子；勇气，胆量；直觉，本能；(用于制网球拍、琴弦等的) 肠线 vt. 取出内脏；摧毁（内部） adj. 本能的；（问题等）根本的

• brutal [四级]

  美[ˈbruːtl] | 英[ˈbruːtl]

  adj. 野蛮的；残暴的

• high-level [四级]

  美[ˈhaɪˈlɛvəl] | 英[ˈhaɪˈlevəl]

  adj. 在高空的；高阶层的；高级的

• full of [四级]

  美[fʊl ʌv] | 英[ful ɔv]

  充满 ...

• deprivation [四级]

  美[ˌdɛprəˈveʃən] | 英[ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃn]

  n. 剥夺；免职；匮乏；丧失

• hostage [六级]

  美[ˈhɑːstɪdʒ] | 英[ˈhɒstɪdʒ]

  n. 人质

• out of [六级]

  美[aʊt ʌv] | 英[aut ɔv]

  prep. 离…一段距离；从…里；离开 ...；出于

• kind of [六级]

  美[kaɪnd ʌv] | 英[kaind ɔv]

  adv. 有点儿

• lay down [六级]

  美[leɪ daʊn] | 英[leɪ daʊn]

  放下（武器）； 放弃； 制定、强制性宣称（法律、规则）； 拟定(地图比例等)

• grit [专四]

  美[ɡrɪt] | 英[grɪt]

  n. 砂砾；粗砂石；勇气；决心 vt. 覆以砂砾；咬紧牙关 vi. 发出刺耳声

重点讲解

Kyle Mullen always had the natural drive and talent that made success look easy. Until he tried out for the Navy SEALs.

凯尔·马伦总是有种天生的冲劲和才能，似乎轻而易举就能获得成功。直到他参加了美国海军海豹突击队的选拔。

drive    v. & n.

1. 作动词

（1）开车；驾驶

【例】to drive a taxi  开出租车

（2）迫使；驱使

【例】Hunger drove her to steal. 饥饿迫使她去偷窃。

【搭配】drive sb+adj. / to sth

【例】to drive me crazy/to despair 把我逼得发疯/逼到绝路

2. 作名词

（1）驾车路程

【例】It's a three-hour drive to London. 

到伦敦要三小时的驾车路程。

（2）（团体为达到某目的而进行的）有组织的努力，运动

【例】a drive for greater efficiency 为提高效率而进行的运动

（3）冲劲；干劲；精力

【例】He'll do very well—he has tremendous drive. 

他会干得很出色的，他干劲十足。

The 24-year-old arrived on the California coast in January for the SEALs' punishing selection course in the best shape of his life -- even better than when he was a state champion defensive end in high school or the captain of the football team at Yale.

24岁的他今年1月来到加州海岸，参加海豹突击队严酷的选拔课程，这是他人生中身体最壮硕的时候--甚至比他在高中时作为州防守边锋冠军或耶鲁大学橄榄球队队长时还要好。

punishing  adj. 艰难漫长的；令人精疲力尽的

【例】The President has a punishing schedule for the next six months. 

总统今后六个月的工作日程十分繁忙。

be in good shape   状态很好；身体很好

【例】He's in good shape for a man of his age. 

作为那把年纪的人来说，他身体不错。

【拓展】shape相关的一些短语：

1. in the shape of  以……形式

【例】The government provides money in the shape of grants and student loans. 

政府以助学金和学生贷款的形式提供资助。

2. take shape   成形；有了模样

【例】After several internships, his career plan began to take shape.

做了几次实习后，他的职业规划开始成形了。

3. be out of shape  健康状况不好

【例】I get tired easily. I must be out of shape.

我很容易感到疲劳，我的健康一定出了什么问题。

But by the middle of the course's third week -- a continual gut punch of physical and mental hardship, sleep deprivation and hypothermia that the SEALs call Hell Week -- the 6-foot-4-inch athlete from Manalapan, N.J., was dead-eyed with exhaustion, riddled with infection and coughing up blood from lungs that were so full of fluid that others who were there said later that he sounded like he was gargling.

但是到了该课程第三周的中期--这个过程伴随着持续不断的身心痛苦、睡眠不足和体温过低，海豹突击队称之为地狱周--这位身高6英尺4英寸、来自新泽西州马纳拉潘的体育健将双目无光、疲惫不堪，满身感染、咳血不止，肺部积满液体，在场的其他人后来说，他咳嗽的声音听起来像是在漱口。

deprivation    n.

1. 丧失；剥夺

【例】Young and far from home, they suffer from emotional deprivation and severe isolation.

年纪轻轻就背井离乡，他们忍受着情感体验被剥夺和极度孤立的情况。

2. 匮乏；贫困

【例】There were food shortages and other deprivations during the war.

战争期间，食物短缺，其他物品也很匮乏。

【拓展】deprive  v. 剥夺；使丧失

【搭配】deprive sb of sth 使某人失去某物；把某人的某物剥夺

be riddled with  充满；充斥

【例】Her typing was slow and riddled with mistakes. 

她打字很慢而且错误百出。

The course began with 210 men. By the middle of Hell Week, 189 had quit or been brought down by injury.

该课程开始时有210名男性。到地狱周中期，189人退出或因伤倒下。

bring down 

1. 使倒下；击败；打垮

【例】The scandal may bring down the government. 

那件丑闻可能使政府垮台。

2. 减少；降低

【例】We aim to bring down prices on all our computers. 

我们打算降低所有计算机的价格。

3. 击落；打落

【例】He brought down the wild goose with a single shot. 

他一枪就把大雁打落了。

But Seaman Mullen kept on slogging for days, spitting blood all the while. The instructors and medics conducting the course, perhaps out of admiration for his grit, did not stop him. And he made it.

但是士兵马伦咬牙坚持了好几天，期间一直在吐血。也许是出于对他坚毅品质的赞赏，带领该课程的教练和卫生员并没有阻止他。他也坚持了下来。

slog   v. & n. 

1. 作名词：一段时间的艰苦工作

【例】Writing the book took ten months of hard slog. 

这本书是苦熬十个月写出来的。

2. 作动词：埋头苦干；坚持不懈地做

【搭配】slog away at sth 坚持不懈地做某事

【例】 He's been slogging away at that piece of music for weeks. 

他苦练那段乐曲已有好几个星期了。 

When**** he**** struggled out of**** the cold**** ocean at**** the end of**** Hell**** Week****,**** SEAL**** leaders shook his hand****,**** gave**** him a pizza and told**** him to**** get some**** rest****.**** Then**** he**** went**** back**** to**** his barracks**** and lay down**** on**** the floor.**** A few hours later,**** his heart stopped beating and he**** died****.****

在地狱周结束时，他挣扎着从冰冷的海水中爬出来，海豹突击队的领导们和他握了手，给了他一份披萨，并让他休息一下。然后他回到营房，躺在地上。几个小时后，他的心脏停止跳动，他死了。

That**** same**** afternoon,**** another man who survived**** Hell**** Week**** had to**** be**** intubated.**** Two more**** were**** hospitalized**** that**** evening.****

就在当天下午，另一个从地狱周幸存下来的人不得不插管治疗。当晚又有两人入院就医。

The SEAL**** teams have**** faced criticism for decades,**** both**** from**** outsiders and their own Navy**** leadership****,**** that**** their selection course****,**** known as**** Basic Underwater**** Demolition****/SEAL**** training**** or**** BUD/S,**** is**** too difficult,**** too brutal****,**** and too often causes**** concussions,**** broken**** bones,**** dangerous infections**** and near****-drownings.**** Since 1953****,**** at**** least 11**** men have**** died****.****

几十年来，海豹突击队一直面临着来自外界和海军领导层的批评，称他们的选拔课程，即基本水中爆破/海豹突击队训练（BUD/S），难度过高、过于残酷，而且经常导致脑震荡、骨折、感染危险以及接近溺水。自1953年以来，至少有11人身亡。

For just as long, the SEAL teams, who perform some of the military's most difficult missions, including lightning-fast hostage rescues and the killing of high-level terrorists like Osama Bin Laden, have insisted that having a bare-knuckle rite of passage is vital for producing the kind of unflinching fighters the teams need. Without BUD/S, they argue, there could be no SEALs.

海豹突击队执行着军方一些最艰巨的任务，包括闪电般快速解救人质，以及击毙奥萨马·本·拉登等高级恐怖分子。长时间以来，海豹突击队一直坚持认为，要培养出他们所需要的那种不屈不挠的战士，举行一场严酷的通过仪式至关重要。他们认为，如果没有基本水中爆破训练，就不会有海豹突击队。

bare-knuckle    adj. 

1. （拳击比赛中）不戴拳击手套的

【例】to fight bare-knuckle  赤手上阵

2. 残酷的；不让步的

（英文释义：aggressive and without reservations）

【例】a bare-knuckle legal battle 残酷的法律对战

passage   n.

1. 段落；章节

【例】the first passage of the article 文章的第一段

2. 通道；走廊

【例】A dark narrow passage led to the main hall. 

一条阴暗狭窄的走廊通向大厅。

3. （议案）通过

【例】the passage of the bill through Congress 法案在国会通过

4. 通过许可

【例】 We were promised safe passage through the occupied territory. 

我们得到保证，可以安全通过占领区。

unflinching   adj. 不屈不挠的；坚定的

【例】unflinching courage  百折不回的勇气

【拓展】flinch   v. 退缩；畏缩

课后练习

• Which of the following is true about Kyle Mullen?

  A. He made great achievements in the Navy SEALs.

  B. He was unprepared for the SEALs’ selection course.

  C. He found the SEALs’ training course very challenging.

  D. He became the best football player in the Navy.

• What do we know about Hell Week?

  A. It was a punishment for soldiers’ misbehavior.

  B. It was a period of extremely painful training.

  C. It was famous for the intense competition.

  D. It was a stressful but harmless training course.

• The tragedy of Kyle Mullen is ____ in the Navy SEALs.

  A. accidental

  B. unprecedented

  C. unsurprising

  D. preventable

• The SEAL teams are criticized that ____.

  A. the brutality of the selection course is unbearable

  B. the medical support is not sufficient for soldiers

  C. the fighters are not capable of performing missions

  D. the BUD/S has failed to produce qualified fighters