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双相障碍只是一时的流行词吗(上)
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我坚称双相情感障碍只是一种突然流行起来的概念，任何情况都会被贴上这个标签。
双语精读
'There are no words for the horror': the story of my madness
无法言说的恐惧：我的疯狂故事
It's disturbing, at almost 60 years of age, to be diagnosed with an illness that you've suffered from your whole life without it ever being named. Your first reaction is to protest.
在将近60岁的年纪被诊断出患有一种疾病，你一辈子受它折磨，却从来不知道它的名字，这让人感到烦恼不安。你的第一反应是抗议。
I protested, insisting that bipolar disorder is one of those notions that are all of a sudden in vogue and get pinned on anything and everything.
我表示了我的抗议，我坚称双相情感障碍只是一种突然流行起来的概念，任何情况都会被贴上这个标签。
Then you read what you can on the subject, you re-examine your whole life from that angle, and you realise that the shoe fits. Perfectly, even.
然后，你阅读了关于双相情感障碍的一切东西，你从这个角度重新审视了你的整个生活，然后你意识到你的情况符合它的描述，甚至是完美贴合。
That all your life you've been subject to this alternation of excitement and depression that is of course all of our lot--because all our moods change, we all have highs and lows, clear skies and dark clouds--only that there's a group of people to which you belong, along with, it seems, 2% of the population, for whom the highs are higher and the lows lower than average, to the point that their succession becomes pathological.
你的一生都处于兴奋和沮丧的交替中，当然每个人都是如此----因为我们的情绪都会变化，都有起伏，有晴空万里，也有乌云密布----只是你和其他2%的人一样同属一个群体，对他们来说，情绪高亢或低沉的程度都超过了平均水平，以至于他们的这种情绪交替变得病态。
However, where the description doesn't fit at first glance has to do with the so-called "manic" phase of what until the 90s was called manic depressive psychosis.
然而，第一眼看去与描述并不符合的地方是所谓的"躁狂"阶段，直到90年代这种病症还被称为躁狂抑郁性精神病。
The manic state is when people strip naked on the street, or suddenly buy three Ferraris, or feverishly explain to anyone who wants to hear it that what they've got to do is eat guavas, lots and lots of guavas, to save humanity from a third world war.
处于躁狂状态时，人们会在街上脱光衣服，或者突然买三辆法拉利，或者狂热地向任何愿意倾听的人说，他们要吃番石榴，吃很多很多番石榴，以拯救人类免于第三次世界大战。
I knew a young guy who did things like that and who, once the crisis had passed, was appalled by what he'd done. He killed himself, as it seems up to 20% of people with bipolar disorder do.
我认识一个年轻人，他就做过这样的事情，等情绪危机过去后，他对自己的所作所为感到大为震惊。他最后自杀了，双相情感障碍患者中高达20%的人都会自杀。
I felt sorry for this brilliant, desperate young guy, and never thought I suffered from the same disorder as he did.
我为这个才华横溢但无比绝望的年轻人感到难过，从来没有想过我会患上和他一样的疾病。
I was depressive, yes. In addition to what can be called empty periods, I've been through two phases of real, severe depression, the sort that lasts for several months, and during which you hardly ever get up, you can no longer accomplish the most basic tasks, and above all you can no longer imagine that things will change.
是的，我确实会抑郁。除了所谓的空虚时期，我还经历了两个切切实实的、严重的抑郁阶段，那种持续几个月的抑郁。在这段时间里，你几乎无法起床，连最基本的任务都无法完成，而且最重要的是，你无法想象情况会有所转变。
词汇预习
reaction [高考]
美[riˈækʃn] | 英[riˈækʃn]
n. 反应；生理反应；反应能力；复旧；反动；化学反应
disorder [高考]
美[dɪsˈɔːrdər] | 英[dɪsˈɔːdə(r)]
n. 紊乱；疾病；失调；混乱 v. 扰乱；使(身心等)失调
horror [高考]
美[ˈhɔːrər] | 英[ˈhɒrə(r)]
n. 恐怖；战栗；厌恶；震惊 adj. 恐怖的
depression [高考]
美[dɪˈpreʃn] | 英[dɪˈpreʃn]
n. 沮丧；萧条
naked [高考]
美[ˈneɪkɪd] | 英[ˈneɪkɪd]
adj. 裸体的；无掩饰的；明白的；无覆盖的
protest [高考]
美[ˈproʊtest , prəˈtest] | 英[ˈprəʊtest , prəˈtest]
n. 抗议；反对 v. 抗议；反对；申明；断言
accomplish [高考]
美[əˈkɑːmplɪʃ] | 英[əˈkʌmplɪʃ]
vt. 完成；实现
description [高考]
美[dɪˈskrɪpʃn] | 英[dɪˈskrɪpʃn]
n. 描述；刻画；类型；说明书
brilliant [高考]
美[ˈbrɪliənt] | 英[ˈbrɪliənt]
adj. 卓越的；灿烂的；美妙的；杰出的；才华横溢的 n. 宝石
glance [高考]
美[ɡlæns] | 英[ɡlɑːns]
v. 扫视；匆匆一看；一瞥；反光；闪烁；掠过 n. 一瞥；扫视
realise [高考]
美['rɪrlaɪz] | 英['rɪəlaɪz]
v. [英]意识到；实现；明白；变现
desperate [高考]
美[ˈdespərət] | 英[ˈdespərət]
adj. 绝望的；不顾一切的；极其想要的
severe [高考]
美[sɪˈvɪr] | 英[sɪˈvɪə(r)]
adj. 严厉的；严重的；剧烈的；严格的；严峻的
angle [高考]
美[ˈæŋɡl] | 英[ˈæŋɡl]
n.角；角度；观点；斜角 v.钓鱼；斜移；斜置；以（某角度）报道
get up [高考]
美[ɡɛt ʌp] | 英[ɡet ʌp]
起床；变得猛烈；筹备；起立；打扮
only that [高考]
美[ˈonli ðæt] | 英[ˈəunli ðæt]
adv. 只是(要不是；要是没有)
to the point [高考]
美[tu ði pɔɪnt] | 英[tu: ðə pɔint]
切题； 切中要害
all of a sudden [高考]
美[ɔːl əv ə ˈsʌdn] | 英[ɔːl ɒv ə ˈsʌdn]
突然； 冷不防
lower [高考]
美[ˈloʊər] | 英[ˈləʊə(r)]
adj. 低的；下级的；下层的 v. 降低；减弱；跌落
phase [高考]
美[feɪz] | 英[feɪz]
n. 相位；方面；局面；阶段；时期 vt. 逐步执行
disturbing [高考]
美[dɪˈstɜːrbɪŋ] | 英[dɪˈstɜːbɪŋ]
adj. 烦扰的；担心的；令人不安的
where [高考]
美[wer] | 英[weə(r)]
adv. 在哪里；在那个地方 conj. 在 ... 地方
so-called [四级]
美[ˌsoʊ ˈkɔːld] | 英[ˌsəʊ ˈkɔːld]
adj. [贬]号称的；所谓的
succession [四级]
美[səkˈseʃn] | 英[səkˈseʃn]
n. 连续；继承权；继位
up to [四级]
美[ʌp tu] | 英[ʌp tu]
胜任；直到；多达；该由 ... 决定
do with [四级]
美[dʊ wɪð] | 英[duː wɪð]
处理； 利用； 忍受； 需要； 相处
along with [四级]
美[əˈlɔːŋ wɪð] | 英[əˈlɒŋ wɪð]
与...在一起；在...以外；沿着；随着；（除…之外）又…，加之
subject to [四级]
美[ˈsʌbdʒekt tu] | 英[ˈsʌbdʒikt tu:]
易受 ... 影响的；屈服于 ... 的；让步于 ...；取决于
hardly ever [四级]
美['hɑːrdli 'evər] | 英['hɑːdli 'evə]
很少； 几乎从不； 难得
madness [专四]
美[ˈmædnɪs] | 英[ˈmædnəs]
n. 疯狂；愚蠢的行为
alternation [专四]
美[ˌɔltɚˈneʃən, ˌæl-] | 英[ˌɔ:ltə'neɪʃn]
n. 交互；轮流；间隔
felt [专八]
美[fɛlt] | 英[felt]
n. 毛毡；毡制品 vt. 制毡；使粘结 vi. 毡合
manic [专八]
美[ˈmænɪk] | 英[ˈmænɪk]
adj. 狂躁的
vogue [专八]
美[voʊɡ] | 英[vəʊɡ]
n. 时尚；流行
pathological [专八]
美[ˌpæθəˈlɑdʒɪkl] | 英[ˌpæθəˈlɒdʒɪkl]
adj. 病理学的
feverishly [考研]
美[ˈfivəˌrɪʃlɪ] | 英['fi:vərɪʃlɪ]
adv. 兴奋地；发热地
重点讲解
'There are no words for the horror': the story of my madness
无法言说的恐惧：我的疯狂故事
in vogue 流行；风行
【例】Full-length coats are in vogue today.
如今流行长外套。
【拓展】come into/go out of vogue 开始/不再流行
【例】Short hair has come into/gone out of vogue.
开始流行短发。/短发开始过时了。
It's disturbing, at almost 60 years of age, to be diagnosed with an illness that you've suffered from your whole life without it ever being named. Your first reaction is to protest.
在将近60岁的年纪被诊断出患有一种疾病，你一辈子受它折磨，却从来不知道它的名字，这让人感到烦恼不安。你的第一反应是抗议。
in vogue 流行；风行
【例】Full-length coats are in vogue today.
如今流行长外套。
【拓展】come into/go out of vogue 开始/不再流行
【例】Short hair has come into/gone out of vogue.
开始流行短发。/短发开始过时了。
I protested, insisting that bipolar disorder is one of those notions that are all of a sudden in vogue and get pinned on anything and everything.
我表示了我的抗议，我坚称双相情感障碍只是一种突然流行起来的概念，任何情况都会被贴上这个标签。
in vogue 流行；风行
【例】Full-length coats are in vogue today.
如今流行长外套。
【拓展】come into/go out of vogue 开始/不再流行
【例】Short hair has come into/gone out of vogue.
开始流行短发。/短发开始过时了。
Then you read what you can on the subject, you re-examine your whole life from that angle, and you realise that the shoe fits. Perfectly, even.
然后，你阅读了关于双相情感障碍的一切东西，你从这个角度重新审视了你的整个生活，然后你意识到你的情况符合它的描述，甚至是完美贴合。
be subject to
1. 易遭受……的
【例】The child is very subject to colds. 这孩子动不动就感冒。
2. 取决于；视……而定
【例】Our plans may change, subject to the weather.
我们的计划可视天气情况而改变。
3. 受……支配
【例】We are all subject to the laws of nature.
我们都要受自然规律的支配。
along with 除……以外（还）；同……一样
（英文释义：in addition to sb/sth; in the same way as sb/sth）
【例】She lost her job when the factory closed, along with hundreds of others.
工厂倒闭时，她和成百上千的其他人一样失去了工作。
succession n.
1. 一连串；一系列
【例】She has won the award for the third year in succession.
这是她连续第三年获得此奖。
2. 交替；更迭
【例】the succession of the seasons 四季的更迭
3. 继任；继承
【例】He became chairman in succession to Jack Allen.
他接替杰克·艾伦成为主席。
【拓展】succeed v. 接替；继任；随后出现
That all your life you've been subject to this alternation of excitement and depression that is of course all of our lot--because all our moods change, we all have highs and lows, clear skies and dark clouds--only that there's a group of people to which you belong, along with, it seems, 2% of the population, for whom the highs are higher and the lows lower than average, to the point that their succession becomes pathological.
你的一生都处于兴奋和沮丧的交替中，当然每个人都是如此----因为我们的情绪都会变化，都有起伏，有晴空万里，也有乌云密布----只是你和其他2%的人一样同属一个群体，对他们来说，情绪高亢或低沉的程度都超过了平均水平，以至于他们的这种情绪交替变得病态。
be subject to
1. 易遭受……的
【例】The child is very subject to colds. 这孩子动不动就感冒。
2. 取决于；视……而定
【例】Our plans may change, subject to the weather.
我们的计划可视天气情况而改变。
3. 受……支配
【例】We are all subject to the laws of nature.
我们都要受自然规律的支配。
along with 除……以外（还）；同……一样
（英文释义：in addition to sb/sth; in the same way as sb/sth）
【例】She lost her job when the factory closed, along with hundreds of others.
工厂倒闭时，她和成百上千的其他人一样失去了工作。
succession n.
1. 一连串；一系列
【例】She has won the award for the third year in succession.
这是她连续第三年获得此奖。
2. 交替；更迭
【例】the succession of the seasons 四季的更迭
3. 继任；继承
【例】He became chairman in succession to Jack Allen.
他接替杰克·艾伦成为主席。
【拓展】succeed v. 接替；继任；随后出现
However, where the description doesn't fit at first glance has to do with the so-called "manic" phase of what until the 90s was called manic depressive psychosis.
然而，第一眼看去与描述并不符合的地方是所谓的"躁狂"阶段，直到90年代这种病症还被称为躁狂抑郁性精神病。
at first glance 乍一看；第一眼看去
【例】At first glance the problem seemed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很简单。
【拓展】at a single glance 只看一眼
【例】He could tell at a single glance what was wrong. 他一眼就看出问题所在。
have/be to do with 与……有关；关于
【例】My question has to do with last week’s assignment.
我的问题是关于上周的作业任务。
【拓展】have nothing/a lot to do with 与……无关/有很大关系
【例】Hard work has a lot to do with her success.
努力工作是她成功的重要原因。
The manic state is when people strip naked on the street, or suddenly buy three Ferraris, or feverishly explain to anyone who wants to hear it that what they've got to do is eat guavas, lots and lots of guavas, to save humanity from a third world war.
处于躁狂状态时，人们会在街上脱光衣服，或者突然买三辆法拉利，或者狂热地向任何愿意倾听的人说，他们要吃番石榴，吃很多很多番石榴，以拯救人类免于第三次世界大战。
at first glance 乍一看；第一眼看去
【例】At first glance the problem seemed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很简单。
【拓展】at a single glance 只看一眼
【例】He could tell at a single glance what was wrong. 他一眼就看出问题所在。
have/be to do with 与……有关；关于
【例】My question has to do with last week’s assignment.
我的问题是关于上周的作业任务。
【拓展】have nothing/a lot to do with 与……无关/有很大关系
【例】Hard work has a lot to do with her success.
努力工作是她成功的重要原因。
I knew a young guy who did things like that and who, once the crisis had passed, was appalled by what he'd done. He killed himself, as it seems up to 20% of people with bipolar disorder do.
我认识一个年轻人，他就做过这样的事情，等情绪危机过去后，他对自己的所作所为感到大为震惊。他最后自杀了，双相情感障碍患者中高达20%的人都会自杀。
appall v. 使大为震惊；使惊骇
【例】The brutality of the crime has appalled the public.
罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
【拓展】appalling adj. 令人惊骇的；极为恶劣的
【例】The prisoners were living in appalling conditions.
囚犯的居住条件极为恶劣。
【近义词】shock/horrify v. 使惊愕/使大为震惊
I felt sorry for this brilliant, desperate young guy, and never thought I suffered from the same disorder as he did.
我为这个才华横溢但无比绝望的年轻人感到难过，从来没有想过我会患上和他一样的疾病。
appall v. 使大为震惊；使惊骇
【例】The brutality of the crime has appalled the public.
罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
【拓展】appalling adj. 令人惊骇的；极为恶劣的
【例】The prisoners were living in appalling conditions.
囚犯的居住条件极为恶劣。
【近义词】shock/horrify v. 使惊愕/使大为震惊
I was depressive, yes. In addition to what can be called empty periods, I've been through two phases of real, severe depression, the sort that lasts for several months, and during which you hardly ever get up, you can no longer accomplish the most basic tasks, and above all you can no longer imagine that things will change.
是的，我确实会抑郁。除了所谓的空虚时期，我还经历了两个切切实实的、严重的抑郁阶段，那种持续几个月的抑郁。在这段时间里，你几乎无法起床，连最基本的任务都无法完成，而且最重要的是，你无法想象情况会有所转变。
severe adj.
1. 十分严重的；极为恶劣的
【例】a severe injury/weather condition/shortage/defeat
重伤/恶劣的天气/严重短缺/惨败
2. 严厉的；苛刻的
【例】a severe punishment/expression/discipline
重罚/严厉的表情/严明的纪律
3. 艰巨的；严峻的
【例】The marathon is a severe test of stamina.
马拉松赛跑是对耐力的严峻考验。
课后练习
What did the author think of bipolar disorder at first?
A. It was a complex concept that was difficult to understand.
B. It was a disease that could be easily cured after diagnosis.
C. It was a popular notion that could not explain anything.
D. It was a mental condition that could cause great pain.
Which of the following is true about people with bipolar disorder?
A. They experience both excitement and depression.
B. Their moods change in an extremely radical way.
C. They account for a huge share of the population.
D. They have a higher risk of suffering from cancer.
What is the characteristic of people in the manic state?
A. They behave in a crazy and unreasonable way.
B. They are imaginative and friendly to strangers.
C. They tend to ignore other people’s criticism.
D. They dislike themselves and attempt suicide.
How did the author feel when he was depressive?
A. He felt exhausted and wanted to rest.
B. He lacked confidence in his ability to work.
C. He was reluctant to change anything.
D. He lost energy and lived in despair.