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对制造业工作的怀念是错误的(From factories to frappes: Nostalgia for manufacturing jobs is misplaced.)

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对制造业工作的怀念是错误的

富裕国家的政客们认为,扭转制造业就业长达数十年的颓势会让工人的生活变得更好。 对制造业工作的怀念是错误的

双语精读

From factories to frappes: Nostalgia for manufacturing jobs is misplaced.

从工厂到饮品店:对制造业工作的怀念是错误的。

If there is one thing politicians agree on these days, it is that manufacturing jobs are "good" jobs.

如果说如今的政客们在一件事情上能达成共识,那就是制造业的工作是“好”工作。

Joe Biden is betting that huge subsidies for new factories will transform the outlook for America's workers.

乔·拜登打赌,对新工厂的巨额补贴将改变美国工人的前景。

Donald Trump is just as eager to get more wrenches into the hands of American workers, mostly by slapping tariffs on foreign goods.

唐纳德·特朗普同样渴望让更多的扳手拿在美国工人手中,他的办法主要是对外国商品征收关税。

Politicians across the rich world believe that reversing the decades-long decline in manufacturing employment would leave workers better off.

富裕国家的政客们认为,扭转制造业就业长达数十年的颓势会让工人的生活变得更好。

Your guest Bartleby is not convinced. He has, admittedly, never worked in a factory, and thus feels no nostalgia for hard hats and high-vis vests.

笔者并不相信。笔者确实从未在工厂工作过,因此对安全帽和反光背心也没有什么怀旧之情。

Still, the idea that deindustrialisation has made work worse is hard to square with the fact that data on worker satisfaction have been steadily improving for years.

尽管如此,“去工业化使工作变得更糟”的观点很难与“工作者满意度数据多年来稳步提高”的事实相符。

The argument that manufacturing jobs are better than other sorts has a long pedigree.

制造业的工作比其他工作更好,这种论点由来已久。

Adam Smith believed that manufacturing was "productive", unlike services such as banking, retail or hospitality.

亚当·斯密认为制造业是“生产性的”,与银行、零售或酒店餐饮业等服务业不同。

The factories of the Industrial Revolution transformed living standards in Europe and America in the 19th century. Yet they were also awful places for workers, managing to be both horribly dangerous and tremendously boring.

工业革命时期的工厂在19世纪改变了欧洲和美国的生活水平。但对于工人来说,工厂也是可怕的地方,既非常危险,又极其无聊。

Workers in Henry Ford's carmaking plants, though relatively well paid, complained that work was stultifying.

亨利·福特汽车厂的工人虽然工资相对较高,但也抱怨工作枯燥乏味。

Manufacturing enthusiasts will no doubt counter that jobs in the sector are much better today.

支持制造业的人无疑会反驳说,该行业的工作如今要好很多。

Workplace accidents occur a fraction as often as they once did. Most factories are air-conditioned. Robots do many of the heaviest and most repetitive tasks. And around a third of those who work in manufacturing never go near a rivet, performing white-collar roles such as design and engineering.

工作场所发生事故的频率比以前低了很多。大多数工厂都装有空调。机器人承担了许多最繁重和最重复的任务。而且大约三分之一的制造业工作者从未接近过铆钉,他们做的是设计和工程等脑力工作。

All that may be so, but compare workers of a similar education level and there is little evidence they would gain by moving from services to manufacturing.

或许情况确实如此,但是把教育水平相近的工人进行比较,就可以发现并没有多少证据表明他们从服务业转向制造业会得到好处。

One paper by statisticians at America's Bureau of Labour Statistics found that, across a variety of measures including pay, benefits, job security and safety, "many industries within services equal or exceed manufacturing."

美国劳工统计局的统计学家发表的一篇论文发现,在包括薪酬、福利、工作稳定性和安全在内的各种指标中,“服务业中的许多行业等于或超过了制造业”。

This Bartleby's analysis of British data similarly shows that job quality in the manufacturing sector is no better than average.

笔者对英国数据的分析同样表明,制造业的工作质量并不高于平均水平。

According to Mr Biden, "A job is about a lot more than a pay cheque. It's about your dignity. It's about respect." That is true. Yet dignity and respect should be available for workers wherever they are employed.

据拜登先生所说,“一份工作的意义远不止是薪水。还关乎你的尊严以及获得的尊重。”确实如此。但无论工人在哪里就业,都应该得到尊严和尊重。

If not, politicians should focus their attention on ensuring the right regulations are in place, instead of spending billions of dollars trying to recreate a past that was far less rosy than they imagine.

如果不是这样,政治家们应该把注意力集中在确保有适当的法规,而不是花费数十亿美元,试图重现一个远不如他们想象中那么美好的过去。

词汇预习

  • relatively [高考]

    美[ˈrelətɪvli] | 英[ˈrelətɪvli]

    adv. 相对地;比较地

  • productive [高考]

    美[prəˈdʌktɪv] | 英[prəˈdʌktɪv]

    adj. 富有成效的;多产的;生产性的;具有创造性的

  • similarly [高考]

    美[ˈsɪmələrli] | 英[ˈsɪmələli]

    adv. 相似地;类似地

  • employment [高考]

    美[ɪmˈplɔɪmənt] | 英[ɪmˈplɔɪmənt]

    n. 职业;雇用;使用

  • steadily [高考]

    美[ˈstɛdəlɪ] | 英['stedɪlɪ]

    adv. 稳定地;稳固地;逐步地

  • exceed [高考]

    美[ɪkˈsiːd] | 英[ɪkˈsiːd]

    vt. 超过;超出 vi. 领先

  • sector [高考]

    美[ˈsektər] | 英[ˈsektə(r)]

    n. 部门;部分;区域 n. [计]扇形;扇区 vt. 使分成部分

  • fraction [高考]

    美[ˈfrækʃn] | 英[ˈfrækʃn]

    n. 小部分;少许;分数;片段

  • repetitive [高考]

    美[ rɪˈpetətɪv] | 英[ rɪˈpetətɪv]

    adj. 重复的;反复的

  • within [高考]

    美[wɪˈðɪn] | 英[wɪˈðɪn]

    prep. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)内;在…里面 adv. 在…里面 n. 内部

  • data [高考]

    美[ˈdeɪtə] | 英[ˈdeɪtə]

    n. 数据;资料

  • occur [高考]

    美[əˈkɜːr] | 英[əˈkɜː(r)]

    vi. 发生;存在;出现;想到

  • thus [高考]

    美[ðʌs] | 英[ðʌs]

    adv. 这样;如此;因此;从而

  • decline [高考]

    美[dɪˈklaɪn] | 英[dɪˈklaɪn]

    v. 下降;减少;变弱;拒绝;倾斜 n. 减少,衰退

  • variety [高考]

    美[vəˈraɪəti] | 英[vəˈraɪəti]

    n. 多样;种类;多样化 n. 杂耍

  • evidence [高考]

    美[ˈevɪdəns] | 英[ˈevɪdəns]

    n. 证据;证词;根据;迹象 v. 证明;证实

  • security [高考]

    美[sɪˈkjʊrəti] | 英[sɪˈkjʊərəti]

    n. 安全;保证;证券;债券;抵押;防护措施

  • eager [高考]

    美[ˈiːɡər] | 英[ˈiːɡə(r)]

    adj. 热切的;渴望的

  • unlike [高考]

    美[ˌʌnˈlaɪk] | 英[ˌʌnˈlaɪk]

    adj. 不同的,不相似的 prep. 不像,与…不同;与 ... 平时不同

  • equal [高考]

    美[ˈiːkwəl] | 英[ˈiːkwəl]

    adj. 相等的;平等的 vt. 比得上;等于 n. 同辈;平等;(同等的)人或事物

  • wherever [高考]

    美[werˈevər] | 英[weərˈevə(r)]

    adv. 无论什么地方 conj. 无论在哪里

  • analysis [高考]

    美[əˈnæləsɪs] | 英[əˈnæləsɪs]

    n. 分析;解析

  • transform [高考]

    美[trænsˈfɔːrm] | 英[trænsˈfɔːm]

    v. 使改观,使变形,使转化;变换(电流)的电压;(数)变换(数学实体) n.(数,语言学)变换式,转换句;(数,语言学)转换规则

  • cheque [高考]

    美[tʃek] | 英[tʃek]

    n. 支票

  • dignity [高考]

    美[ˈdɪɡnəti] | 英[ˈdɪɡnəti]

    n. 尊严;高贵;端庄

  • collar [高考]

    美[ˈkɑːlər] | 英[ˈkɒlə(r)]

    n. 衣领;项圈;[机]轴环 vt. 抓住;为 ... 戴上项圈;为 ... 上领子

  • a variety of [高考]

    美[e vəˈraɪɪti ʌv] | 英[ə vəˈraiəti ɔv]

    种种; 多种多样

  • no doubt [高考]

    美[noʊ daʊt] | 英[nəʊ daʊt]

    无疑; 必定

  • be available for [高考]

    美[bi əˈveləbəl fɔr] | 英[bi: əˈveiləbl fɔ:]

    对于 ... 来说是可用的

  • agree on [高考]

    美[əˈɡri ɑn] | 英[əˈɡri: ɔn]

    对 ... 意见一致

  • living [高考]

    美[ˈlɪvɪŋ] | 英[ˈlɪvɪŋ]

    adj. 活着的;生动的 n. 生活;生计

  • outlook [高考]

    美[ˈaʊtlʊk] | 英[ˈaʊtlʊk]

    n. 前景;观点;人生观;世界观 v. 瞪着看;瞧;以目光压倒(对方);比…好看

  • would [高考]

    美[wʊd , wəd] | 英[wʊd , wəd]

    aux. 将;可能;大概;总会;愿意;will的过去式

  • retail [四级]

    美[ˈriːteɪl , rɪˈteɪl] | 英[ˈriːteɪl , rɪˈteɪl]

    n. 零售 vt. 零售;传述 adv. 以零售形式

  • rosy [四级]

    美[ˈroʊzi] | 英[ˈrəʊzi]

    adj. 玫瑰色的;美好的

  • tremendously [四级]

    美[trɪˈmɛndəslɪ] | 英[trə'mendəslɪ]

    adv. 惊人地;非常;十分

  • hospitality [四级]

    美[ˌhɑːspɪˈtæləti] | 英[ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti]

    n. 款待;殷勤;好客;酒店管理

  • decline in [四级]

    美 | 英

    在……方面的减少;下降

  • in place [四级]

    美[ɪn pleɪs] | 英[ɪn pleɪs]

    在适当的位置

  • engineering [四级]

    美[ˌendʒɪˈnɪrɪŋ] | 英[ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ]

    n. 工程学;工程

  • white-collar [六级]

    美[ˌwaɪt ˈkɑːlər] | 英[ˌwaɪt ˈkɒlə(r)]

    adj. 白领阶层的

  • manufacturing [专四]

    美[ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ] | 英[ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərɪŋ]

    n. 制造业 adj. 制造业的

  • Ford [专四]

    美[fɔrd, ford] | 英[fɔ:d, fəʊrd]

    n. 福特汽车;福特[姓氏];浅滩 v. 涉(水);渡河;津渡

  • pedigree [专八]

    美[ˈpedɪɡriː] | 英[ˈpedɪɡriː]

    n. 家谱;系谱;血统;(动物的)种 adj. 纯种的

  • nostalgia [专八]

    美[nəˈstældʒə] | 英[nɒˈstældʒə]

    n. 乡愁;向往过去;怀旧之情

  • trying [专八]

    美[ˈtraɪɪŋ] | 英[ˈtraɪɪŋ]

    adj. 难受的;令人厌烦的

  • rivet [专八]

    美[ˈrɪvɪt] | 英[ˈrɪvɪt]

    n. 铆钉 v. 铆接;固定;钉牢;集中;吸引

  • recreate [考研]

    美[ˌrikrɪ'eɪt] | 英[ˌri:kriˈeɪt]

    v. 再创造;使得到休养;得到消遣;休息娱乐

重点讲解

From factories to frappes: Nostalgia for manufacturing jobs is misplaced.

从工厂到饮品店:对制造业工作的怀念是错误的。

manufacturing   n. 制造;制造业

【例】the manufacturing industry 制造业

【拓展】manufacture  v. & n.

1. 作动词

(1)(用机器)大量生产;(人体)生成(某种物质)

【例】the company that manufactured the drug

生产这种药的公司

【例】Vitamins cannot be manufactured by our bodies.

维生素不能由人体来生成。

(2)编造;捏造

【例】If the media can manufacture stories like this, who are we supposed to believe?

如果媒体可以编出这样的故事,我们还能相信谁呢?

2. 作名词

(1)大量制造;批量生产

【例】the manufacture of cars 汽车制造

(2)工业品;(用机器大批量制造的)商品

【例】a major importer of cotton manufactures

棉花产品的主要进口商

If there is one thing politicians agree on these days, it is that manufacturing jobs are "good" jobs.

如果说如今的政客们在一件事情上能达成共识,那就是制造业的工作是“好”工作。

manufacturing   n. 制造;制造业

【例】the manufacturing industry 制造业

【拓展】manufacture  v. & n.

1. 作动词

(1)(用机器)大量生产;(人体)生成(某种物质)

【例】the company that manufactured the drug

生产这种药的公司

【例】Vitamins cannot be manufactured by our bodies.

维生素不能由人体来生成。

(2)编造;捏造

【例】If the media can manufacture stories like this, who are we supposed to believe?

如果媒体可以编出这样的故事,我们还能相信谁呢?

2. 作名词

(1)大量制造;批量生产

【例】the manufacture of cars 汽车制造

(2)工业品;(用机器大批量制造的)商品

【例】a major importer of cotton manufactures

棉花产品的主要进口商

Joe Biden is betting that huge subsidies for new factories will transform the outlook for America's workers.

乔·拜登打赌,对新工厂的巨额补贴将改变美国工人的前景。

outlook n.

1. (对生活和世界的)看法,观点

【例】He’s got a good outlook on life.

他有积极的人生观。

2. 前景;远景

【例】The outlook for jobs is bleak.

就业市场前景暗淡。

3. 景色;景致

【例】The house has a pleasant outlook over the valley.

房子俯瞰山谷,景色宜人。

slap sth on sth

1. 忽然提价;强制实行

【例】They've slapped 50p on the price of a pack of cigarettes.

他们把一包香烟的价格一下子提高了 50 便士。

2. (在…上)胡乱涂抹,随意涂抹

【例】Just slap some paint on the walls and it'll look just fine.

在墙上随便刷点漆,就看着漂亮了。

Donald Trump is just as eager to get more wrenches into the hands of American workers, mostly by slapping tariffs on foreign goods.

唐纳德·特朗普同样渴望让更多的扳手拿在美国工人手中,他的办法主要是对外国商品征收关税。

outlook n.

1. (对生活和世界的)看法,观点

【例】He’s got a good outlook on life.

他有积极的人生观。

2. 前景;远景

【例】The outlook for jobs is bleak.

就业市场前景暗淡。

3. 景色;景致

【例】The house has a pleasant outlook over the valley.

房子俯瞰山谷,景色宜人。

slap sth on sth

1. 忽然提价;强制实行

【例】They've slapped 50p on the price of a pack of cigarettes.

他们把一包香烟的价格一下子提高了 50 便士。

2. (在…上)胡乱涂抹,随意涂抹

【例】Just slap some paint on the walls and it'll look just fine.

在墙上随便刷点漆,就看着漂亮了。

Politicians across the rich world believe that reversing the decades-long decline in manufacturing employment would leave workers better off.

富裕国家的政客们认为,扭转制造业就业长达数十年的颓势会让工人的生活变得更好。

outlook n.

1. (对生活和世界的)看法,观点

【例】He’s got a good outlook on life.

他有积极的人生观。

2. 前景;远景

【例】The outlook for jobs is bleak.

就业市场前景暗淡。

3. 景色;景致

【例】The house has a pleasant outlook over the valley.

房子俯瞰山谷,景色宜人。

slap sth on sth

1. 忽然提价;强制实行

【例】They've slapped 50p on the price of a pack of cigarettes.

他们把一包香烟的价格一下子提高了 50 便士。

2. (在…上)胡乱涂抹,随意涂抹

【例】Just slap some paint on the walls and it'll look just fine.

在墙上随便刷点漆,就看着漂亮了。

Your guest Bartleby is not convinced. He has, admittedly, never worked in a factory, and thus feels no nostalgia for hard hats and high-vis vests.

笔者并不相信。笔者确实从未在工厂工作过,因此对安全帽和反光背心也没有什么怀旧之情。

square adj. & n. & v.

1. 作形容词

(1)正方形的;成直角的

【例】a square room 正方形的房间

(2)宽阔的;结实的

【例】a man of square build 体格壮实的男子

【搭配】be square with sth  和某事物相一致

【例】That isn't quite square with what you said yesterday.

那跟你昨天所讲的不大吻合。

2. 作名词

(1)正方形;四方形

【例】First break the chocolate into squares.

先把巧克力掰成方块。

(2)广场;广场周围的建筑物

【例】The hotel is just off the main square.

旅馆就在大广场附近。

3. 作动词:(使)打成平局;打平

【例】His goal squared the game.

他进了一球,使比赛打成平局。

【搭配】square with sth  和某事物相一致

Still, the idea that deindustrialisation has made work worse is hard to square with the fact that data on worker satisfaction have been steadily improving for years.

尽管如此,“去工业化使工作变得更糟”的观点很难与“工作者满意度数据多年来稳步提高”的事实相符。

square adj. & n. & v.

1. 作形容词

(1)正方形的;成直角的

【例】a square room 正方形的房间

(2)宽阔的;结实的

【例】a man of square build 体格壮实的男子

【搭配】be square with sth  和某事物相一致

【例】That isn't quite square with what you said yesterday.

那跟你昨天所讲的不大吻合。

2. 作名词

(1)正方形;四方形

【例】First break the chocolate into squares.

先把巧克力掰成方块。

(2)广场;广场周围的建筑物

【例】The hotel is just off the main square.

旅馆就在大广场附近。

3. 作动词:(使)打成平局;打平

【例】His goal squared the game.

他进了一球,使比赛打成平局。

【搭配】square with sth  和某事物相一致

The argument that manufacturing jobs are better than other sorts has a long pedigree.

制造业的工作比其他工作更好,这种论点由来已久。

pedigree   n. & adj.

1. 作名词

(1)(尤指好的事物或受景仰之人的)历史,过去

【例】Founded in 1781, the school has an excellent pedigree.

该校成立于1781年,有着辉煌的历史。

(2)血统;家系

【例】She was proud of her long pedigree.

她为自己源远流长的家世而自豪。

2. 作形容词:优良品种的;纯种的

【例】pedigree sheep 纯种绵羊

manage v.

1. 负责;管理

【例】He was asked to manage a new department.

他被要求去管理一个新的部门。

2. 设法做成;努力完成(困难的事)

【例】How do you manage to stay so slim?

你是如何把身材保持得这么苗条的?

3. 竟搞得,竟做出(幽默用法)

【例】I don’t know how I managed to arrive so late.

我不知道自己怎么会弄得这么晚才到。

Adam Smith believed that manufacturing was "productive", unlike services such as banking, retail or hospitality.

亚当·斯密认为制造业是“生产性的”,与银行、零售或酒店餐饮业等服务业不同。

pedigree   n. & adj.

1. 作名词

(1)(尤指好的事物或受景仰之人的)历史,过去

【例】Founded in 1781, the school has an excellent pedigree.

该校成立于1781年,有着辉煌的历史。

(2)血统;家系

【例】She was proud of her long pedigree.

她为自己源远流长的家世而自豪。

2. 作形容词:优良品种的;纯种的

【例】pedigree sheep 纯种绵羊

manage v.

1. 负责;管理

【例】He was asked to manage a new department.

他被要求去管理一个新的部门。

2. 设法做成;努力完成(困难的事)

【例】How do you manage to stay so slim?

你是如何把身材保持得这么苗条的?

3. 竟搞得,竟做出(幽默用法)

【例】I don’t know how I managed to arrive so late.

我不知道自己怎么会弄得这么晚才到。

The factories of the Industrial Revolution transformed living standards in Europe and America in the 19th century. Yet they were also awful places for workers, managing to be both horribly dangerous and tremendously boring.

工业革命时期的工厂在19世纪改变了欧洲和美国的生活水平。但对于工人来说,工厂也是可怕的地方,既非常危险,又极其无聊。

pedigree   n. & adj.

1. 作名词

(1)(尤指好的事物或受景仰之人的)历史,过去

【例】Founded in 1781, the school has an excellent pedigree.

该校成立于1781年,有着辉煌的历史。

(2)血统;家系

【例】She was proud of her long pedigree.

她为自己源远流长的家世而自豪。

2. 作形容词:优良品种的;纯种的

【例】pedigree sheep 纯种绵羊

manage v.

1. 负责;管理

【例】He was asked to manage a new department.

他被要求去管理一个新的部门。

2. 设法做成;努力完成(困难的事)

【例】How do you manage to stay so slim?

你是如何把身材保持得这么苗条的?

3. 竟搞得,竟做出(幽默用法)

【例】I don’t know how I managed to arrive so late.

我不知道自己怎么会弄得这么晚才到。

Workers in Henry Ford's carmaking plants, though relatively well paid, complained that work was stultifying.

亨利·福特汽车厂的工人虽然工资相对较高,但也抱怨工作枯燥乏味。

counter v. & n. & adv.

1. 作动词

(1)反驳;驳斥

【例】Such arguments are not easily countered.

这种论点不易反驳。

(2)抵制;抵消

【例】Exercise helps to counter the effects of stress.

运动有助于减轻压力。

2. 作名词

(1)(商店、银行等的)柜台,工作台

【例】I asked the woman behind the counter if they had any postcards.

我问柜台后面的女售货员是否有明信片。

(2)(对意见、态度等的)反对,反驳

【例】The employers' association was seen as a counter to union power.

雇主协会被看作是工会权力的对头。

3. 作副词:逆向地;相反地

【例】The government's plans run counter to agreed European policy on this issue.

政府的计划违反了有关这个问题已协商好的欧盟政策。

Manufacturing enthusiasts will no doubt counter that jobs in the sector are much better today.

支持制造业的人无疑会反驳说,该行业的工作如今要好很多。

counter v. & n. & adv.

1. 作动词

(1)反驳;驳斥

【例】Such arguments are not easily countered.

这种论点不易反驳。

(2)抵制;抵消

【例】Exercise helps to counter the effects of stress.

运动有助于减轻压力。

2. 作名词

(1)(商店、银行等的)柜台,工作台

【例】I asked the woman behind the counter if they had any postcards.

我问柜台后面的女售货员是否有明信片。

(2)(对意见、态度等的)反对,反驳

【例】The employers' association was seen as a counter to union power.

雇主协会被看作是工会权力的对头。

3. 作副词:逆向地;相反地

【例】The government's plans run counter to agreed European policy on this issue.

政府的计划违反了有关这个问题已协商好的欧盟政策。

Workplace accidents occur a fraction as often as they once did. Most factories are air-conditioned. Robots do many of the heaviest and most repetitive tasks. And around a third of those who work in manufacturing never go near a rivet, performing white-collar roles such as design and engineering.

工作场所发生事故的频率比以前低了很多。大多数工厂都装有空调。机器人承担了许多最繁重和最重复的任务。而且大约三分之一的制造业工作者从未接近过铆钉,他们做的是设计和工程等脑力工作。

counter v. & n. & adv.

1. 作动词

(1)反驳;驳斥

【例】Such arguments are not easily countered.

这种论点不易反驳。

(2)抵制;抵消

【例】Exercise helps to counter the effects of stress.

运动有助于减轻压力。

2. 作名词

(1)(商店、银行等的)柜台,工作台

【例】I asked the woman behind the counter if they had any postcards.

我问柜台后面的女售货员是否有明信片。

(2)(对意见、态度等的)反对,反驳

【例】The employers' association was seen as a counter to union power.

雇主协会被看作是工会权力的对头。

3. 作副词:逆向地;相反地

【例】The government's plans run counter to agreed European policy on this issue.

政府的计划违反了有关这个问题已协商好的欧盟政策。

All that may be so, but compare workers of a similar education level and there is little evidence they would gain by moving from services to manufacturing.

或许情况确实如此,但是把教育水平相近的工人进行比较,就可以发现并没有多少证据表明他们从服务业转向制造业会得到好处。

exceed   v.

1. 超过(数目或数量)

【例】Working hours must not exceed 42 hours a week.

工作时间每周不得超过42小时。

2. 超越(法律、命令等)的限制

【例】She was exceeding the speed limit.

当时她超速驾驶。

One paper by statisticians at America's Bureau of Labour Statistics found that, across a variety of measures including pay, benefits, job security and safety, "many industries within services equal or exceed manufacturing."

美国劳工统计局的统计学家发表的一篇论文发现,在包括薪酬、福利、工作稳定性和安全在内的各种指标中,“服务业中的许多行业等于或超过了制造业”。

exceed   v.

1. 超过(数目或数量)

【例】Working hours must not exceed 42 hours a week.

工作时间每周不得超过42小时。

2. 超越(法律、命令等)的限制

【例】She was exceeding the speed limit.

当时她超速驾驶。

This Bartleby's analysis of British data similarly shows that job quality in the manufacturing sector is no better than average.

笔者对英国数据的分析同样表明,制造业的工作质量并不高于平均水平。

exceed   v.

1. 超过(数目或数量)

【例】Working hours must not exceed 42 hours a week.

工作时间每周不得超过42小时。

2. 超越(法律、命令等)的限制

【例】She was exceeding the speed limit.

当时她超速驾驶。

According to Mr Biden, "A job is about a lot more than a pay cheque. It's about your dignity. It's about respect." That is true. Yet dignity and respect should be available for workers wherever they are employed.

据拜登先生所说,“一份工作的意义远不止是薪水。还关乎你的尊严以及获得的尊重。”确实如此。但无论工人在哪里就业,都应该得到尊严和尊重。

in place

1. 在正确位置

【例】The chairs for the concert were nearly all in place.

音乐会要用的椅子差不多都摆好了。

2. 准备就绪

【例】Funding arrangements are already in place.

资金安排已经到位。

rosy    adj.

1. 粉红色的;红润的

【例】She had rosy cheeks.

她脸颊红润。

2. 美好的;乐观的

【例】The future is looking very rosy for our company.

我们公司的前景一片光明。

If not, politicians should focus their attention on ensuring the right regulations are in place, instead of spending billions of dollars trying to recreate a past that was far less rosy than they imagine.

如果不是这样,政治家们应该把注意力集中在确保有适当的法规,而不是花费数十亿美元,试图重现一个远不如他们想象中那么美好的过去。

in place

1. 在正确位置

【例】The chairs for the concert were nearly all in place.

音乐会要用的椅子差不多都摆好了。

2. 准备就绪

【例】Funding arrangements are already in place.

资金安排已经到位。

rosy    adj.

1. 粉红色的;红润的

【例】She had rosy cheeks.

她脸颊红润。

2. 美好的;乐观的

【例】The future is looking very rosy for our company.

我们公司的前景一片光明。

课后练习

  • What does the author think about manufacturing jobs?

    A. They are good jobs and will improve workers' lives.

    B. They are likely to boost America’s economic growth.

    C. They are not necessarily satisfying jobs for workers.

    D. They are steadily improving in recent decades.

  • What is the author's opinion about factory jobs for workers?

    A. They were more productive than service jobs.

    B. They transformed living standards in America.

    C. They offered little pleasure and had safety risks.

    D. They were well-paid and helped develop workers’ skills.

  • What does the author think about manufacturing jobs today?

    A. Workplace accidents still occur frequently in factories.

    B. They are not superior to service jobs in many aspects.

    C. Robots have replaced most of the manufacturing jobs.

    D. They become physically and intellectually demanding.

  • According to the author, what should politicians do?

    A. Politicians should provide huge subsidies to create manufacturing jobs.

    B. Politicians should emphasize the importance of dignity over salary.

    C. Politicians should ensure proper regulations of jobs in all sectors.

    D. Politicians should try to restore the glory of manufacturing.


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