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世界经济对如今的年轻人很友好
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Z世代正在接管世界。在富裕国家，1997至2012年间出生的人至少有2.5亿。其中大约一半现在参加工作了。
双语精读
Winning the generation game :The world economy has been kind to today's youngsters.
赢得代际游戏：世界经济对如今的年轻人很友好
Generation Z is taking over. In the rich world there are at least 250m people born between 1997 and 2012. About half are now in a job.
Z世代正在接管世界。在富裕国家，1997至2012年间出生的人至少有2.5亿。其中大约一半现在参加工作了。
In the average American workplace, the number of Gen Z-ers (sometimes also known as "Zoomers") working full-time is about to surpass the number of full-time baby-boomers, those born from 1945 to 1964, whose careers are winding down.
在普通的美国职场，全职工作的Z世代(有时也被称为Zoomers)的人数即将超过全职婴儿潮一代（出生于1945年至1964年）的人数，后者的职业生涯正在收尾。
America now has more than 6,000 Zoomer chief executives and 1,000 Zoomer politicians.
美国现在有6000多名Z世代首席执行官和1000多名Z世代政客。
As the generation becomes more influential, companies, governments and investors need to understand it.
随着这一代人变得更有影响力，公司、政府和投资者需要了解他们。
Many argue that Gen Z is defined by its anxiety.
许多人认为，定义Z世代的特点是焦虑。
Such worriers include Jonathan Haidt, a social psychologist at New York University, whose new book, "The Anxious Generation", is making waves.
纽约大学的社会心理学家乔纳森·海特就是担忧Z世代的人之一，他的新书《焦虑的一代》正在引起轰动。
In some ways, Gen Z-ers are unusual. Young people today are less likely to form relationships than those of yesteryear.
在某些方面，Z世代是不同寻常的。与过去相比，如今的年轻人建立恋爱关系的可能性更低。
They are more likely to be depressed or say they were assigned the wrong sex at birth.
他们更有可能抑郁，或者说他们出生时被分配了错误的性别。
They are less likely to drink, have sex, be in a relationship-indeed to do anything exciting.
他们喝酒、进行性生活、谈恋爱的可能性更低，事实上，他们做任何刺激事情的可能性都更低。
Americans aged between 15 and 24 spend just 38 minutes a day socialising in person on average, down from almost an hour in the 2000s, according to official data.
根据官方数据，15到24岁之间的美国人平均每天只花38分钟进行面对面的社交，低于本世纪头十年的近一小时。
Mr Haidt lays the blame on smartphones, and the social media they enable.
海特将责任归咎于智能手机及其带来的社交媒体。
But not everyone agrees with Mr Haidt's thesis.
但并不是每个人都同意海特的观点。
And the pushing and shoving over Gen Z's anxiety has obscured another way in which the cohort is distinct.
对Z世代焦虑的宣扬掩盖了这一群体另一个与众不同的方面。
In financial terms, Gen Z is doing extraordinarily well. This, in turn, is changing its relationship with work.
在财务方面，Z世代的情况格外好。这继而又改变了Z世代与工作的关系。
Youth unemployment across the rich world-at about 13%-has not been this low since 1991. Greece's youth-unemployment rate has fallen by half from its peak.
富裕国家的青年失业率约为13%，自1991年以来从未如此之低。希腊的青年失业率已经从最高点下降了一半。
Hoteliers in Kalamata, a tourist destination, complain about a labour shortage, something unthinkable just a few years ago.
希腊旅游城市卡拉马塔的酒店经营者抱怨劳动力短缺，这在几年前是不可想象的。
Popular songs reflect the zeitgeist. In 2022 the protagonist in a Beyonce song boasted, "I just quit my job".
流行歌曲反映了时代精神。2022年，碧昂斯一首歌中的主角吹嘘道：“我刚刚辞掉了工作。”
Olivia Rodrigo, a 21-year-old singer popular with American Gen Z-ers, complains that a former love interest's "career is really taking off".
21岁的歌手奥利维亚·罗德里戈深受美国Z世代的欢迎，她抱怨说，一位前任恋人的"职业生涯真的起飞了"。
In America hourly pay growth among 16- to 24-year-olds recently hit 13% year on year, compared with 6% for workers aged 25 to 54.
在美国，16至24岁年轻人的时薪同比增长了13%，而25岁至54岁劳动者的时薪增幅为6%。
This was the highest "young person premium" since reliable data began.
这是自有可靠数据以来最高的“年轻人高薪”。
词汇预习
financial [高考]
美[faɪˈnænʃl] | 英[faɪˈnænʃl]
adj. 金融的；财政的；[非正式]有钱的
economy [高考]
美[ɪˈkɑːnəmi] | 英[ɪˈkɒnəmi]
n. 经济；节约 adj. 经济的；廉价的
psychologist [高考]
美[saɪˈkɑːlədʒɪst] | 英[saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst]
n.心理学研究者，心理学家
enable [高考]
美[ɪˈneɪbl] | 英[ɪˈneɪbl]
vt. 使能够；使可能
peak [高考]
美[piːk] | 英[piːk]
n. 山顶；顶峰；山峰；尖端；帽檐；极值 v. 达到高峰；达到最高值 adj. 最高的；高峰期的；最大值的 【名】（Peak）（英）皮克（人名）
influential [高考]
美[ˌɪnfluˈenʃl] | 英[ˌɪnfluˈenʃl]
adj. 有权势的；有影响的 n. 有影响力的人物
distinct [高考]
美[dɪˈstɪŋkt] | 英[dɪˈstɪŋkt]
adj. 明显的；清晰的；不同的；独特的
unthinkable [高考]
美[ʌn'θɪŋkəbl] | 英[ʌnˈθɪŋkəbl]
adj. 不可能的；难以置信的；想像不到的
extraordinarily [高考]
美[ɪkˈstrɔrdnˌɛrɪlɪ] | 英[ɪk'strɔ:dnrəlɪ]
adv. 非常(格外)
data [高考]
美[ˈdeɪtə] | 英[ˈdeɪtə]
n. 数据；资料
growth [高考]
美[ɡroʊθ] | 英[ɡrəʊθ]
n. 【U】增长；生长；发展；种植 n. 【C】生长物；【医】瘤;赘生物
media [高考]
美[ˈmiːdiə] | 英[ˈmiːdiə]
n. 传播媒介；(medium的复数)媒体；新闻媒介
rate [高考]
美[reɪt] | 英[reɪt]
n. 比率；速度；价格；费用；等级 v. 认为；估价；定等级；值得；怒斥；责骂
generation [高考]
美[ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn] | 英[ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn]
n. 一代（人）；一代人的时间；（产品发展的）代；产生
anxiety [高考]
美[æŋˈzaɪəti] | 英[æŋˈzaɪəti]
n. 焦虑；担心；渴望
quit [高考]
美[kwɪt] | 英[kwɪt]
v. 停止；离开；退出；辞职 n. 离开；[计] 退出 adj. 摆脱了…的；已经了结的
former [高考]
美[ˈfɔːrmər] | 英[ˈfɔːmə(r)]
adj. 前者的；前任的；以前的 n. 创造者；[英]学校某一年级的学生
destination [高考]
美[ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn] | 英[ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn]
n. 目的地；终点
reliable [高考]
美[rɪˈlaɪəbl] | 英[rɪˈlaɪəbl]
adj. 可靠的；可信的
chief [高考]
美[tʃiːf] | 英[tʃiːf]
adj. 主要的；首要的 n. 首领
sex [高考]
美[seks] | 英[seks]
n. 性别；性欲；性 vt. 区别 ... 性别；引起 ... 性欲
unemployment [高考]
美[ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt] | 英[ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt]
n. 失业；失业人数
labour [高考]
美[ˈleɪbər] | 英[ˈleɪbə(r)]
n. 劳动；劳工；分娩 v. 努力；干苦力活；困难吃力地行进；反复说明 n. (英国)工党
in turn [高考]
美[ɪn tɜːrn] | 英[ɪn tɜːn]
依次；轮流；反之；反过来
in person [高考]
美[ɪn 'pɜːrsn] | 英[ɪn 'pɜːsn]
亲自
workplace [高考]
美[ˈwɜːrkpleɪs] | 英[ˈwɜːkpleɪs]
n. 工作场所
full-time [四级]
美[ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm] | 英[ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm]
adj. 全部时间的；专任的
surpass [四级]
美[sərˈpæs] | 英[səˈpɑːs]
vt. 超越；胜过
premium [四级]
美[ˈpriːmiəm] | 英[ˈpriːmiəm]
n. 保险费；额外费用；奖金；津贴 adj. 优质的；昂贵的；价格更高的
thesis [四级]
美[ˈθiːsɪs] | 英[ˈθiːsɪs]
n. 毕业论文；论文；论题；论点；命题
popular with [四级]
美[ˈpɑpjəlɚ wɪð] | 英[ˈpɔpjulə wið]
受欢迎； 受喜爱
according [专四]
美[ə'kɔrdɪŋ] | 英[ə'kɔːdɪŋ]
adj. 相符的；相应的；一致的 v. 给予；符合，一致；正式协议（accord的现在分词）
winding [专八]
美[ˈwaɪndɪŋ] | 英[ˈwaɪndɪŋ]
n. 卷；线圈 adj. 蜿蜒的；弯曲的
hourly [考研]
美[ˈaʊərli] | 英[ˈaʊəli]
adj. 每隔一小时的；以小时计算的；随时的 adv. 每小时地；时时地
terms [雅思]
美[tɜːrmz] | 英[tɜːmz]
n. 条件；条款；关系；措辞
重点讲解
Winning the generation**** game**** :The**** world economy has been**** kind**** to**** today's youngsters****.****
赢得代际游戏：世界经济对如今的年轻人很友好
Generation**** Z is**** taking**** over****.**** In**** the rich**** world there are at**** least 250m**** people**** born**** between 1997**** and 2012****.**** About half**** are now in**** a job.****
Z世代正在接管世界。在富裕国家，1997至2012年间出生的人至少有2.5亿。其中大约一半现在参加工作了。
In the average American workplace, the number of Gen Z-ers (sometimes also known as "Zoomers") working full-time is about to surpass the number of full-time baby-boomers, those born from 1945 to 1964, whose careers are winding down.
在普通的美国职场，全职工作的Z世代(有时也被称为Zoomers)的人数即将超过全职婴儿潮一代（出生于1945年至1964年）的人数，后者的职业生涯正在收尾。
average a. & n. & v.
1. 作形容词
（1）平均的
【例】an average rate/cost/price 平均费率／成本／价格
（2）普通的；平常的
【例】The average American has not even thought about next year’s election.
普通的美国人甚至还没有想过明年的选举。
2. 作名词：平均数；平均水平
【例】400 people a year die of this disease on average.
平均每年有 400 人死于这种疾病。
3. 作动词：计算出…的平均数；平均为
【例】Economic growth is expected to average 2% next year.
明年经济增长预计平均可达 2%。
wind down
1. 使（业务、活动等）逐步结束
【例】The government is winding down its nuclear programme.
政府在逐步取消核计划。
2.（紧张工作或极度兴奋之后）平静下来；放松
【例】I find it difficult to wind down after a day at work.
一天工作下来，我觉得很难放松。
3. 把（汽车窗玻璃等）摇下
【例】Can I wind my window down?
我可以把我这边的窗户摇下来吗？
America now has more than 6,000 Zoomer chief executives and 1,000 Zoomer politicians.
美国现在有6000多名Z世代首席执行官和1000多名Z世代政客。
make waves 大肆张扬；制造麻烦
【例】With so many jobs already cut, he didn’t want to make waves.
已经有那么多人被裁员，他可不想惹麻烦。
【拓展】wave n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）海浪；波浪
【例】Surfers flocked to the beach to ride the waves.
冲浪者集聚到海滩去冲浪。
（2）浪潮，风潮
【例】A wave of fear swept over him.
一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
（3）挥臂；挥手
【例】He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。
2. 作动词
（1）挥手；招手
【例】Why did you wave at him?
你为什么向他招手？
（2）飘扬，飘动
【例】The flag waved in the breeze.
旗子在微风中飘扬。
As the generation becomes more influential, companies, governments and investors need to understand it.
随着这一代人变得更有影响力，公司、政府和投资者需要了解他们。
make waves 大肆张扬；制造麻烦
【例】With so many jobs already cut, he didn’t want to make waves.
已经有那么多人被裁员，他可不想惹麻烦。
【拓展】wave n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）海浪；波浪
【例】Surfers flocked to the beach to ride the waves.
冲浪者集聚到海滩去冲浪。
（2）浪潮，风潮
【例】A wave of fear swept over him.
一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
（3）挥臂；挥手
【例】He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。
2. 作动词
（1）挥手；招手
【例】Why did you wave at him?
你为什么向他招手？
（2）飘扬，飘动
【例】The flag waved in the breeze.
旗子在微风中飘扬。
Many argue that Gen Z is defined by its anxiety.
许多人认为，定义Z世代的特点是焦虑。
make waves 大肆张扬；制造麻烦
【例】With so many jobs already cut, he didn’t want to make waves.
已经有那么多人被裁员，他可不想惹麻烦。
【拓展】wave n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）海浪；波浪
【例】Surfers flocked to the beach to ride the waves.
冲浪者集聚到海滩去冲浪。
（2）浪潮，风潮
【例】A wave of fear swept over him.
一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
（3）挥臂；挥手
【例】He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。
2. 作动词
（1）挥手；招手
【例】Why did you wave at him?
你为什么向他招手？
（2）飘扬，飘动
【例】The flag waved in the breeze.
旗子在微风中飘扬。
Such worriers include Jonathan Haidt, a social psychologist at New York University, whose new book, "The Anxious Generation", is making waves.
纽约大学的社会心理学家乔纳森·海特就是担忧Z世代的人之一，他的新书《焦虑的一代》正在引起轰动。
make waves 大肆张扬；制造麻烦
【例】With so many jobs already cut, he didn’t want to make waves.
已经有那么多人被裁员，他可不想惹麻烦。
【拓展】wave n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）海浪；波浪
【例】Surfers flocked to the beach to ride the waves.
冲浪者集聚到海滩去冲浪。
（2）浪潮，风潮
【例】A wave of fear swept over him.
一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
（3）挥臂；挥手
【例】He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。
2. 作动词
（1）挥手；招手
【例】Why did you wave at him?
你为什么向他招手？
（2）飘扬，飘动
【例】The flag waved in the breeze.
旗子在微风中飘扬。
In some ways, Gen Z-ers are unusual. Young people today are less likely to form relationships than those of yesteryear.
在某些方面，Z世代是不同寻常的。与过去相比，如今的年轻人建立恋爱关系的可能性更低。
socialise v.
1. （和他人）交往，交际
【例】I enjoy socializing with the other students.
我喜欢和同学来往。
2. 使适应社会, 使合群
【例】The family has the important function of socializing children.
家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用。
They are more likely to be depressed or say they were assigned the wrong sex at birth.
他们更有可能抑郁，或者说他们出生时被分配了错误的性别。
socialise v.
1. （和他人）交往，交际
【例】I enjoy socializing with the other students.
我喜欢和同学来往。
2. 使适应社会, 使合群
【例】The family has the important function of socializing children.
家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用。
They are less likely to drink, have sex, be in a relationship-indeed to do anything exciting.
他们喝酒、进行性生活、谈恋爱的可能性更低，事实上，他们做任何刺激事情的可能性都更低。
socialise v.
1. （和他人）交往，交际
【例】I enjoy socializing with the other students.
我喜欢和同学来往。
2. 使适应社会, 使合群
【例】The family has the important function of socializing children.
家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用。
Americans aged between 15 and 24 spend just 38 minutes a day socialising in person on average, down from almost an hour in the 2000s, according to official data.
根据官方数据，15到24岁之间的美国人平均每天只花38分钟进行面对面的社交，低于本世纪头十年的近一小时。
socialise v.
1. （和他人）交往，交际
【例】I enjoy socializing with the other students.
我喜欢和同学来往。
2. 使适应社会, 使合群
【例】The family has the important function of socializing children.
家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用。
Mr Haidt lays the blame on smartphones, and the social media they enable.
海特将责任归咎于智能手机及其带来的社交媒体。
socialise v.
1. （和他人）交往，交际
【例】I enjoy socializing with the other students.
我喜欢和同学来往。
2. 使适应社会, 使合群
【例】The family has the important function of socializing children.
家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用。
But not everyone agrees with Mr Haidt's thesis.
但并不是每个人都同意海特的观点。
obscure a. & v.
1. 作形容词
（1）无名的；鲜为人知的
【例】an obscure German poet 一个名不见经传的德国诗人
（2）难以理解的，晦涩的
【例】I found her lecture very obscure.
我觉得她的讲座非常费解。
2. 作动词：使模糊；使难理解
【例】Recent successes have obscured the fact that the company is still in trouble.
近来的成功掩盖了公司依然处于困境的事实。
distinct a.
1. 明显不同的，截然不同的
【例】two entirely distinct languages 两种完全不同的语言
2. 清晰的，明显的
【例】The outline of the ship became more distinct.
船的轮廓变得更加清晰了。
3. 确实的，不容忽视的
【例】I got the distinct impression he was trying to make me angry.
我很清楚地感觉到他是想惹我生气。
in turn
1. 相应地
【例】Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.
利率下调，股价就相应地上涨了。
2. 依次；轮流
【例】The children called out their names in turn.
孩子们逐一自报姓名。
And the pushing and shoving over Gen Z's anxiety has obscured another way in which the cohort is distinct.
对Z世代焦虑的宣扬掩盖了这一群体另一个与众不同的方面。
obscure a. & v.
1. 作形容词
（1）无名的；鲜为人知的
【例】an obscure German poet 一个名不见经传的德国诗人
（2）难以理解的，晦涩的
【例】I found her lecture very obscure.
我觉得她的讲座非常费解。
2. 作动词：使模糊；使难理解
【例】Recent successes have obscured the fact that the company is still in trouble.
近来的成功掩盖了公司依然处于困境的事实。
distinct a.
1. 明显不同的，截然不同的
【例】two entirely distinct languages 两种完全不同的语言
2. 清晰的，明显的
【例】The outline of the ship became more distinct.
船的轮廓变得更加清晰了。
3. 确实的，不容忽视的
【例】I got the distinct impression he was trying to make me angry.
我很清楚地感觉到他是想惹我生气。
in turn
1. 相应地
【例】Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.
利率下调，股价就相应地上涨了。
2. 依次；轮流
【例】The children called out their names in turn.
孩子们逐一自报姓名。
In financial terms, Gen Z is doing extraordinarily well. This, in turn, is changing its relationship with work.
在财务方面，Z世代的情况格外好。这继而又改变了Z世代与工作的关系。
obscure a. & v.
1. 作形容词
（1）无名的；鲜为人知的
【例】an obscure German poet 一个名不见经传的德国诗人
（2）难以理解的，晦涩的
【例】I found her lecture very obscure.
我觉得她的讲座非常费解。
2. 作动词：使模糊；使难理解
【例】Recent successes have obscured the fact that the company is still in trouble.
近来的成功掩盖了公司依然处于困境的事实。
distinct a.
1. 明显不同的，截然不同的
【例】two entirely distinct languages 两种完全不同的语言
2. 清晰的，明显的
【例】The outline of the ship became more distinct.
船的轮廓变得更加清晰了。
3. 确实的，不容忽视的
【例】I got the distinct impression he was trying to make me angry.
我很清楚地感觉到他是想惹我生气。
in turn
1. 相应地
【例】Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.
利率下调，股价就相应地上涨了。
2. 依次；轮流
【例】The children called out their names in turn.
孩子们逐一自报姓名。
Youth unemployment across the rich world-at about 13%-has not been this low since 1991. Greece's youth-unemployment rate has fallen by half from its peak.
富裕国家的青年失业率约为13%，自1991年以来从未如此之低。希腊的青年失业率已经从最高点下降了一半。
labour n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）劳动；工作
【例】The company wants to keep down labour costs.
公司想保持低劳动成本。
（2）劳动力，工人
【例】a shortage of labour 劳动力的短缺
（3）分娩；生产
【例】Jane was in labour for ten hours.
简分娩花了十个小时。
2. 作动词：努力做；辛勤工作
【例】They laboured all day in the mills.
他们一整天都在磨坊里辛勤工作。
【拓展】labour under sth. 为…所蒙蔽
【例】to labour under a misapprehension/delusion 有误解、错觉等
labour the point 一再阐述，反复解释
【例】There's no need to labour the point.
没有必要反复解释这一点。
Hoteliers in Kalamata, a tourist destination, complain about a labour shortage, something unthinkable just a few years ago.
希腊旅游城市卡拉马塔的酒店经营者抱怨劳动力短缺，这在几年前是不可想象的。
labour n. & v.
1. 作名词
（1）劳动；工作
【例】The company wants to keep down labour costs.
公司想保持低劳动成本。
（2）劳动力，工人
【例】a shortage of labour 劳动力的短缺
（3）分娩；生产
【例】Jane was in labour for ten hours.
简分娩花了十个小时。
2. 作动词：努力做；辛勤工作
【例】They laboured all day in the mills.
他们一整天都在磨坊里辛勤工作。
【拓展】labour under sth. 为…所蒙蔽
【例】to labour under a misapprehension/delusion 有误解、错觉等
labour the point 一再阐述，反复解释
【例】There's no need to labour the point.
没有必要反复解释这一点。
Popular songs reflect the zeitgeist. In 2022 the protagonist in a Beyonce song boasted, "I just quit my job".
流行歌曲反映了时代精神。2022年，碧昂斯一首歌中的主角吹嘘道：“我刚刚辞掉了工作。”
love interest 恋爱角色（电影、书籍或戏剧中主角的情人）
【例】Scott Speedman plays Meredith's love interest, Nick Marsh.
斯科特·斯比德曼饰演梅瑞狄斯的恋人尼克·马什。
take off
1. 在（某日或某段时间）休假
【例】I rang my boss and arranged to take some time off.
我给老板打了电话请假一段时间。
2. 突然开始成功，开始走红
【例】Mimi became jealous when Jack’s career started taking off.
杰克的事业开始成功，米米就妒忌起来。
3. 起飞
【例】I felt quite excited as the plane took off from Heathrow.
当飞机从希思罗机场起飞时，我感到很兴奋。
4. 脱下，脱去（衣服）
【例】Charlie was taking off his shirt when the phone rang.
查利正在脱衬衫，突然电话铃响了。
Olivia Rodrigo, a 21-year-old singer popular with American Gen Z-ers, complains that a former love interest's "career is really taking off".
21岁的歌手奥利维亚·罗德里戈深受美国Z世代的欢迎，她抱怨说，一位前任恋人的"职业生涯真的起飞了"。
love interest 恋爱角色（电影、书籍或戏剧中主角的情人）
【例】Scott Speedman plays Meredith's love interest, Nick Marsh.
斯科特·斯比德曼饰演梅瑞狄斯的恋人尼克·马什。
take off
1. 在（某日或某段时间）休假
【例】I rang my boss and arranged to take some time off.
我给老板打了电话请假一段时间。
2. 突然开始成功，开始走红
【例】Mimi became jealous when Jack’s career started taking off.
杰克的事业开始成功，米米就妒忌起来。
3. 起飞
【例】I felt quite excited as the plane took off from Heathrow.
当飞机从希思罗机场起飞时，我感到很兴奋。
4. 脱下，脱去（衣服）
【例】Charlie was taking off his shirt when the phone rang.
查利正在脱衬衫，突然电话铃响了。
In America hourly pay growth among 16- to 24-year-olds recently hit 13% year on year, compared with 6% for workers aged 25 to 54.
在美国，16至24岁年轻人的时薪同比增长了13%，而25岁至54岁劳动者的时薪增幅为6%。
year on year 与前一年同期比较（尤用于统计数字、价格等）
【例】Spending has increased year on year.
与去年同期比较，开销增加了。
【拓展】year by year 逐年
【例】Business has steadily increased year by year.
业务逐年稳步增长。
【拓展】year after year/year in, year out 年年，年复一年
【例】Many birds return to the same spot year after year.
许多鸟类年年都回到同一个地方。
premium n. & a.
1. 作名词
（1）保险费
【例】insurance premiums 保险费
（2）额外费用；附加费
【例】You have to pay a high premium for express delivery.
快递须付高额的附加费。
2. 作形容词：高昂的；优质的
【例】premium ice cream 优质冰激凌
This was the highest "young person premium" since reliable data began.
这是自有可靠数据以来最高的“年轻人高薪”。
year on year 与前一年同期比较（尤用于统计数字、价格等）
【例】Spending has increased year on year.
与去年同期比较，开销增加了。
【拓展】year by year 逐年
【例】Business has steadily increased year by year.
业务逐年稳步增长。
【拓展】year after year/year in, year out 年年，年复一年
【例】Many birds return to the same spot year after year.
许多鸟类年年都回到同一个地方。
premium n. & a.
1. 作名词
（1）保险费
【例】insurance premiums 保险费
（2）额外费用；附加费
【例】You have to pay a high premium for express delivery.
快递须付高额的附加费。
2. 作形容词：高昂的；优质的
【例】premium ice cream 优质冰激凌
课后练习
What trend regarding Generation Z in the workplace is highlighted in the text?
A. They are entering the workforce in large numbers.
B. They are making remarkable achievements.
C. They are competing with baby-boomers.
D. They are inclined to be business leaders.
What does the text suggest about Generation Z's characteristics?
A. They are more prone to anxiety and depression.
B. They are more likely to engage in exciting activities.
C. They are more interested in interpersonal interactions.
D. They are less concerned with social and psychological issues.
What is a significant financial characteristic of Generation Z?
A. They are experiencing high levels of youth unemployment.
B. They are struggling financially due to the economic climate.
C. They are financially sound and not anxious about work.
D. They are ambitious and aspire to achieve career success.
What is the subject of the text?
A. The benefits enjoyed by Generation Z from the current economy.
B. The psychological and financial characteristics of Generation Z.
C. The causes of anxiety and depression among Generation Z.
D. The historical analysis of youth wages since 1991.