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六月节： 仅次于国庆的美国重要节日(Before Juneteenth)
- Authors
这个节日发生在1864年夏季的新奥尔良，是为了庆祝居住在路易斯安那州13个教区的奴隶获得解放的日子。
双语精读
In a quiet corner of a library at Mississippi State University, you'll find a slim red volume that tells the story of what may be America's first Juneteenth.
在密西西比州立大学图书馆的一个安静角落里，你会发现一本薄薄的红皮书，它讲述的故事可能是美国第一个六月节。
It took place in New Orleans in the summer of 1864 to celebrate the day of liberation for the enslaved people living in the 13 Louisiana parishes exempted from President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, issued the previous January.
这个节日发生在1864年夏季的新奥尔良，是为了庆祝居住在路易斯安那州13个教区的奴隶获得解放的日子，这些教区不包含在亚伯拉罕·林肯总统于前一年1月发布的《解放黑奴宣言》之中。
Newly freed New Orleanians gathered in mass public meetings-celebrations, parades, church services, and displays of Black arts and sciences-of the kind that had been banned under slavery.
刚刚获得自由的新奥尔良人聚集在一起，举行大规模的公众集会——庆祝活动、游行、教堂礼拜、以及展示黑人艺术和科学——这些都是在奴隶制下被禁止的。
Each gathering brought together the city's Black community-the recently emancipated and those already free-to celebrate a future of citizenship, sacrifice, learning, and social advancement.
每一次集会都将这座城市的黑人社群聚集在一起——无论是刚刚获得解放的人，还是已经获得自由的人——共同庆祝未来将获得公民身份、做出的牺牲、学习和社会进步。
In doing so, they showed themselves and the wider world that they were a united community, ready to protect their families, demand economic justice, and claim their rightful place as citizens.
在这样做的过程中，他们向自己和更广泛的世界表明，他们是一个团结的社群，准备好保护他们的家庭、要求经济正义、要求获得他们作为公民的合法地位。
Accounts from New Orleans in the summer of 1864, in a city that was once the country's largest slave market, confirm that the moment of liberation was America's second Independence Day - and as in 1776, it marked the beginning of a fight, not the end.
新奥尔良曾经是美国最大奴隶市场的城市，来自1864年夏天新奥尔良的描述证实了解放的那一刻是美国的第二个独立日，而且和1776年一样，它标志着一场斗争的开始，而不是结束。
New Orleans's celebrations were the first battle cry in African Americans' struggle to achieve something more than freedom. At the end of the summer, 10 formerly enslaved men decided to publish a history of the summer's events, the story found in the thin volume.
新奥尔良的庆祝活动是非洲裔美国人争取除自由以外的权利的第一声战斗口号。在那年夏末，10名曾经被奴役的人决定出版一本历史书，描述在那个夏天发生的事件，这个故事就收录在这本薄薄的书里。
Their pamphlet was a direct rebuke of state laws banning enslaved people from learning to read or write, much less voicing their demands in print.
他们的小册子直接谴责了禁止奴隶学习阅读或写作的州法律，这些法律更不允许奴隶在印刷物中表达他们的要求。
This specific volume-which demonstrated the authors' educational accomplishments and their skills as printers and editors-was designed to inspire a man they considered an ally, though sometimes a reluctant one.
这本书展示了作者的教育成就和他们的印刷、编辑技能，旨在鼓舞他们认为是盟友的人，尽管这个人有时并不十分情愿。
We don't know how many copies of Emancipation Celebration they printed in 1864; few exist today. But this one, expensively bound in red leather with silver edging, likely survived because, as the brass plate on its cover reveals, it was a gift to HIS EXCELLENCY A. LINCOLN from the FREE COLORED PEOPLE, NEW ORLEANS.
我们不知道他们在1864年印制了多少份《解放庆颂书》，现存的很少。但是这一本用带有银边的红色皮革精美装订的书幸存了下来，可能是因为如其封面上的黄铜牌所揭示的，这是新奥尔良的自由有色人种送给林肯阁下的礼物。
词汇预习
economic [高考]
美[ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk] | 英[ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk]
adj. 经济的，经济学的；有利可图的；节约的
educational [高考]
美[ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl] | 英[ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl]
adj. 教育的；有教育意义的
volume [高考]
美[ˈvɑːljəm] | 英[ˈvɒljuːm]
n. 卷；体积；册；音量；容量
claim [高考]
美[kleɪm] | 英[kleɪm]
n. 索赔；宣称；声明；断言 v. 声称；宣称；认领；索取
advancement [高考]
美[ədˈvænsmənt] | 英[ədˈvɑːnsmənt]
n. 前进；进步；晋升
formerly [高考]
美[ˈfɔːrmərli] | 英[ˈfɔːməli]
adv. 以前；从前
citizenship [高考]
美[ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp] | 英[ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp]
n. 国籍；公民权；公民的身份
reluctant [高考]
美[rɪˈlʌktənt] | 英[rɪˈlʌktənt]
adj. 不情愿的；勉强的
demand [高考]
美[dɪˈmænd] | 英[dɪˈmɑːnd]
n. 要求；需求 v. 要求；查问；需要
inspire [高考]
美[ɪnˈspaɪər] | 英[ɪnˈspaɪə(r)]
vt. 鼓舞；激发；产生；赋予...灵感 vi. 吸入
struggle [高考]
美[ˈstrʌɡl] | 英[ˈstrʌɡl]
vi. 努力；奋斗；斗争；挣扎 n. 斗争；竞争；奋斗
previous [高考]
美[ˈpriːviəs] | 英[ˈpriːviəs]
adj. 以前的；先于；在 ... 之前
mass [高考]
美[ mæs] | 英[mæs]
n. 大量；块；众多 adj. 大规模的；群众的 v. 集中 n. 弥撒曲；弥撒
confirm [高考]
美[kənˈfɜːrm] | 英[kənˈfɜːm]
v. 证实；批准；确定
battle [高考]
美[ˈbætl] | 英[ˈbætl]
n. 战斗；争斗 v. 与 ... 作战；与 ... 竞争
slave [高考]
美[sleɪv] | 英[sleɪv]
n. 奴隶；像奴隶般受制的人；【机】从动装置 v. 做苦工；做奴隶；拼命干
sacrifice [高考]
美[ˈsækrɪfaɪs] | 英[ˈsækrɪfaɪs]
n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉 vt. 牺牲；亏本出售；供奉 vi. 献祭；(棒球)作牺牲一击
justice [高考]
美[ˈdʒʌstɪs] | 英[ˈdʒʌstɪs]
n. 公平；公正；正义；司法；法官；法律制裁
slavery [高考]
美[ˈsleɪvəri] | 英[ˈsleɪvəri]
n. 奴役；奴隶制；奴隶身份
bound [高考]
美[baʊnd] | 英[baʊnd]
adj. 必定的；有义务的；受约束的；装订的 vi. 跳；跳跃前进；猛涨 n. 跳跃；范围；界限
leather [高考]
美[ˈleðər] | 英[ˈleðə(r)]
n. 皮革；皮制品 adj. 皮革制的 vt. 用皮鞭抽打；用皮革覆盖
liberation [高考]
美[ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən] | 英[ˌlɪbə'reɪʃ(ə)n]
n. 解放；解放运动（为获得平等权利和地位的行为）
living [高考]
美[ˈlɪvɪŋ] | 英[ˈlɪvɪŋ]
adj. 活着的；生动的 n. 生活；生计
slim [高考]
美[slɪm] | 英[slɪm]
adj. 苗条的；微小的；细长的 v. 减肥；缩减
brass [高考]
美[bræs] | 英[brɑːs]
n. 黄铜(制品)；铜管（乐器）；厚脸皮 adj. 黄铜的
much less [四级]
美[mʌtʃ lɛs] | 英[mʌtʃ les]
更不必说； 何况； 更少
gathering [四级]
美[ˈɡæðərɪŋ] | 英[ˈgæðərɪŋ]
n. 集会；聚集
rebuke [六级]
美[rɪˈbjuːk] | 英[rɪˈbjuːk]
v. 指责，斥责 n. 指责；谴责
pamphlet [六级]
美[ˈpæmflət] | 英[ˈpæmflət]
n. 小册子
decided [专四]
美[dɪˈsaɪdɪd] | 英[dɪˈsaɪdɪd]
adj. 确定的；坚决的
ally [专四]
美[ˈælaɪ , əˈlaɪ] | 英[ˈælaɪ , əˈlaɪ]
n. 同盟国；同盟者；伙伴 v. （使）结盟；（使）联合
learning [专八]
美[ˈlɜːrnɪŋ] | 英[ˈlɜːnɪŋ]
n. 学问；学识；学习
don [托福]
美[dɑn] | 英[dɒn]
n. 先生（西班牙用语）；(牛津、剑桥大学的)指导教师 v. 穿上
marked [托福]
美[mɑːrkt] | 英[mɑːkt]
adj. 有记号的；显著的；受监视的 v. 弄污；打分；留意；做标记（动词mark的过去式和过去分词）
重点讲解
In a quiet corner of a library at Mississippi State University, you’ll find a slim red volume that tells the story of what may be America’s first Juneteenth.
在密西西比州立大学图书馆的一个安静角落里，你会发现一本薄薄的红皮书，它讲述的故事可能是美国第一个六月节。
slim adj. 苗条的；单薄的
【例】a slim figure 苗条的身材
a slim chance 很小的可能性
a slim margin 微弱的差距
【近义词】slender adj. 苗条的；单薄的
It took place in New Orleans in the summer of 1864 to celebrate the day of liberation for the enslaved people living in the 13 Louisiana parishes exempted from President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation, issued the previous January.
这个节日发生在1864年夏季的新奥尔良，是为了庆祝居住在路易斯安那州13个教区的奴隶获得解放的日子，这些教区不包含在亚伯拉罕·林肯总统于前一年1月发布的《解放黑奴宣言》之中。
be exempted from 免除某事
【例】Some students are exempted from certain exams.
有些学生可免除某些考试。
【近义词】spare/exclude v. 免去/排除在外
【拓展】exemption n. 免除；豁免
Newly freed New Orleanians gathered in mass public meetings—celebrations, parades, church services, and displays of Black arts and sciences—of the kind that had been banned under slavery.
刚刚获得自由的新奥尔良人聚集在一起，举行大规模的公众集会——庆祝活动、游行、教堂礼拜、以及展示黑人艺术和科学——这些都是在奴隶制下被禁止的。
parade n. 庆祝游行；一系列
【例】During the Spring Festival parade, the lion dance attracted much attention.
在春节庆祝游行中，舞狮吸引了许多关注。
The movie features a parade of famous actors.
这部电影众星云集。
emancipate v. 解放
【例】to emancipate women from old restrictions
使妇女摆脱旧时的束缚
【近义词】liberate/free/unshackle v. 解放；使自由；解除镣铐
Each gathering brought together the city’s Black community—the recently emancipated and those already free—to celebrate a future of citizenship, sacrifice, learning, and social advancement.
每一次集会都将这座城市的黑人社群聚集在一起——无论是刚刚获得解放的人，还是已经获得自由的人——共同庆祝未来将获得公民身份、做出的牺牲、学习和社会进步。
parade n. 庆祝游行；一系列
【例】During the Spring Festival parade, the lion dance attracted much attention.
在春节庆祝游行中，舞狮吸引了许多关注。
The movie features a parade of famous actors.
这部电影众星云集。
emancipate v. 解放
【例】to emancipate women from old restrictions
使妇女摆脱旧时的束缚
【近义词】liberate/free/unshackle v. 解放；使自由；解除镣铐
In doing so, they showed themselves and the wider world that they were a united community, ready to protect their families, demand economic justice, and claim their rightful place as citizens.
在这样做的过程中，他们向自己和更广泛的世界表明，他们是一个团结的社群，准备好保护他们的家庭、要求经济正义、要求获得他们作为公民的合法地位。
claim v. 要求获得；索要
【例】to claim a lost wallet 认领丢失的钱包
to claim unemployment benefits 领失业金
to claim credit for sth 揽功劳
account n. 描述
【例】His account of the events was different from what she had heard from others.
他对事情的描述与她从其他人那里听到的不一样。
【搭配】to give a full account of sth 详细描述某事
by one’s account 根据某人的描述
Accounts from New Orleans in the summer of 1864, in a city that was once the country’s largest slave market, confirm that the moment of liberation was America’s second Independence Day — and as in 1776, it marked the beginning of a fight, not the end.
新奥尔良曾经是美国最大奴隶市场的城市，来自1864年夏天新奥尔良的描述证实了解放的那一刻是美国的第二个独立日，而且和1776年一样，它标志着一场斗争的开始，而不是结束。
claim v. 要求获得；索要
【例】to claim a lost wallet 认领丢失的钱包
to claim unemployment benefits 领失业金
to claim credit for sth 揽功劳
account n. 描述
【例】His account of the events was different from what she had heard from others.
他对事情的描述与她从其他人那里听到的不一样。
【搭配】to give a full account of sth 详细描述某事
by one’s account 根据某人的描述
New Orleans’s celebrations were the first battle cry in African Americans’ struggle to achieve something more than freedom. At the end of the summer, 10 formerly enslaved men decided to publish a history of the summer’s events, the story found in the thin volume.
新奥尔良的庆祝活动是非洲裔美国人争取除自由以外的权利的第一声战斗口号。在那年夏末，10名曾经被奴役的人决定出版一本历史书，描述在那个夏天发生的事件，这个故事就收录在这本薄薄的书里。
battle cry 喊杀声；战斗口号【例】The soldiers raised their swords and shouted their battle cry as they charged into combat.
士兵们举起剑，呐喊着冲锋。
【拓展】a cry of joy 一声欢呼
a cry for help 呼救声
rebuke n. 批评；谴责
【例】He dared not do it for fear of parental rebuke.
因为怕家长训斥, 他不敢做这事。
【近义词】reproach/condemnation n. 责备；谴责
Their pamphlet was a direct rebuke of state laws banning enslaved people from learning to read or write, much less voicing their demands in print.
他们的小册子直接谴责了禁止奴隶学习阅读或写作的州法律，这些法律更不允许奴隶在印刷物中表达他们的要求。
battle cry 喊杀声；战斗口号【例】The soldiers raised their swords and shouted their battle cry as they charged into combat.
士兵们举起剑，呐喊着冲锋。
【拓展】a cry of joy 一声欢呼
a cry for help 呼救声
rebuke n. 批评；谴责
【例】He dared not do it for fear of parental rebuke.
因为怕家长训斥, 他不敢做这事。
【近义词】reproach/condemnation n. 责备；谴责
This specific volume—which demonstrated the authors’ educational accomplishments and their skills as printers and editors—was designed to inspire a man they considered an ally, though sometimes a reluctant one.
这本书展示了作者的教育成就和他们的印刷、编辑技能，旨在鼓舞他们认为是盟友的人，尽管这个人有时并不十分情愿。
accomplishment n. 成就；才艺
【例】academic accomplishments
学术成就；学业成绩
a girl with of many accomplishments
多才多艺的姑娘
【近义词】achievement n. 成就
talent n. 才艺
【拓展】accomplished adj. 技艺高超的；有才艺的
ally n. & v.
1. 作名词：盟友
【例】a political ally 政治盟友
2. 作动词：结盟
【例】to ally (oneself) with sb 与某人结盟
【拓展】alliance n. 结盟；联盟
We don’t know how many copies of Emancipation Celebration they printed in 1864; few exist today. But this one, expensively bound in red leather with silver edging, likely survived because, as the brass plate on its cover reveals, it was a gift to HIS EXCELLENCY A. LINCOLN from the FREE COLORED PEOPLE, NEW ORLEANS.
我们不知道他们在1864年印制了多少份《解放庆颂书》，现存的很少。但是这一本用带有银边的红色皮革精美装订的书幸存了下来，可能是因为如其封面上的黄铜牌所揭示的，这是新奥尔良的自由有色人种送给林肯阁下的礼物。
bind v. 装订；捆绑
【例】to bind the loose pages into a book
把散页装订成书
to bind her hair with a ribbon
用丝带束住头发
【拓展】duty-bound adj. 有责任的；义不容辞的
earthbound adj. 只在陆地上的
desk-bound adj. 整天坐在桌子旁（工作或学习）的
课后练习
What historical event does the slim red volume describe?
A. The issuing of President Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
B. The celebration of liberation for the slaves in Louisiana.
C. The liberation of enslaved people in all Southern states.
D. The grand harvest celebration in New Orleans.
What was one of the purposes of the gatherings of newly freed New Orleanians?
A. To show support for the Emancipation Proclamation.
B. To display their dissatisfaction with economic conditions.
C. To oppose the numerous restrictions imposed under slavery.
D. To demonstrate their unity and to claim their rights as citizens.
What was the significance of the thin volume?
A. It served as a challenge to laws that banned enslaved people from reading and writing.
B. It contained a detailed plan for safeguarding the freedom of enslaved people.
C. It was a collection of state laws about the rights of newly freed individuals.
D. It recorded the personal feelings of one of the newly freed individuals.
The red volume survived from earlier times probably because ____.
A. Emancipation Celebration was a widely circulated publication
B. the New Orleanians kept it in memory of the emancipation
C. it was preserved in the library for historical research
D. it was a special gift to President Abraham Lincoln