请病假越来越难(下)

尽管这一切都可以理解，却还是会令人不安。身体抱恙的病人在卧室里用笔记本电脑和智能手机打字并不像开叉车那么危险。

双语精读

Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling. Tapping away at a laptop and smartphone from the discomfort of a sick person's bedroom is not as dangerous as driving a forklift.

尽管这一切都可以理解，却还是会令人不安。身体抱恙的病人在卧室里用笔记本电脑和智能手机打字并不像开叉车那么危险。

It nevertheless carries risks-both for the ill-disposed individual and their employer. And it isn't just covid, whose common symptoms include brain fog. Any bug brings fatigue. Being even mildly sick can impair brain function as much as high altitude, whose effect can feel like a bad hangover.

但无论是对病人还是对其雇主而言，风险仍然存在。任何疾病都会让人疲劳，不仅是常见症状包括脑雾的新冠病毒。即使是轻微生病，也会像高海拔一样损害大脑功能，可能会让人像宿醉一样难受。

It is difficult to exercise proper judgment if one cannot focus on the task at hand. It is why people with lower oxygen concentration sometimes remove protective clothes atop Mount Everest; some freeze to death.

如果无法专注于手头的工作，就很难做出适当的判断。这就是为什么缺氧的人有时会在珠穆朗玛峰顶上脱掉防护服；其中一些人甚至会因此而冻死。

Firing off emails while feeling dizzy and depleted will put the body under further stress and also risk being incoherent. Soldiering on may make the employee both sicker and less productive for longer.

在头晕目眩、精疲力竭的情况下发邮件不仅会让身体承受更大的压力，也可能导致邮件内容含混不清。坚持带病工作可能会让员工患病时间更长，工作效率反而更低。

Digital presenteeism, for that is what such persisting amounts to, is in no one's interest. Resisting it is therefore important. You don't need to have a blood transfusion or liver transplant to feel that you have earned a bit of time off.

这种坚守实际上是“数字出勤主义”的表现，对所有人都没有好处，因此，必须要抵制这种行为。你不必非得到了需要输血或做肝移植的地步才觉得自己可以稍微喘口气。

Sleeping soundly can restore body and spirit. Staring at the ceiling gives you time to take stock of your harried life. Do not worry about being judged to be shirking.

睡个好觉就可以帮助身体和精神恢复元气，盯着天花板放空可以给你时间来审视繁忙的生活，不必担心别人觉得你在推卸责任。

True laziness cannot be disguised-if someone is malingering, chances are that their bosses already know. In the world of flexible working, managers can lead by example, taking the occasional day off when suffering from a cold.

真正的懒惰是无法掩饰的——如果有人装病，很可能他们的老板早已了然于胸。在弹性工作制的世界里，管理者们可以以身作则，偶尔在感冒时请一天假。

Why not use it as an opportunity to delegate tasks? This tends to build trust in a team and helps appraise subordinates' strengths and weaknesses.

为什么不借此机会委派任务呢？这么做不仅能会在团队中建立信任，也有助于评估下属的优缺点。

The dust will eventually settle on work habits in the hybrid era. When it comes to illness, they will hopefully settle somewhere close to where they were in pre-covid days.

混合办公时代的工作习惯终将尘埃落定，当涉及到疾病时，希望相关规定也能回到疫情爆发前的样子。

Being sick is part of the human condition. It is not going away. Nor should sick days. Bartleby remembers lying on the sofa recovering from a stomach bug in New York 17 years ago, undisturbed by colleagues and untroubled by thoughts of work.

生病乃人之常情，病痛不会凭空消失，病假也不应销声匿迹。笔者还记得17年前在纽约得了胃病，躺在沙发上休养，既没有同事干扰，也没有工作烦心。

The next time she is ailing, she will not be on Slack. Instead, she will listen to her managers and sign off.

下次生病时，她决定不再使用Slack，而是会采纳经理的意见，好好休个病假。

词汇预习

individual [高考]
美[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl] | 英[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]
adj. 单独的；一个人的；独有的 n. 个人；个体
fatigue [高考]
美[fəˈtiːɡ] | 英[fəˈtiːɡ]
n. 疲劳；疲乏；劳务杂役 v. （使）疲劳 adj. 疲劳的
bug [高考]
美[bʌɡ] | 英[bʌɡ]
n. 臭虫；窃听器；[计]漏洞 v. 窃听；打扰；失去(镇定)
restore [高考]
美[rɪˈstɔːr] | 英[rɪˈstɔː(r)]
vt. 恢复；归还；复原
employer [高考]
美[ɪmˈplɔɪər] | 英[ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)]
n. 雇主
productive [高考]
美[prəˈdʌktɪv] | 英[prəˈdʌktɪv]
adj. 富有成效的；多产的；生产性的；具有创造性的
laptop [高考]
美[ˈlæptɑːp] | 英[ˈlæptɒp]
n. 便携式电脑；笔记本电脑
nevertheless [高考]
美[ˌnevərðəˈles] | 英[ˌnevəðəˈles]
adv. 尽管如此；不过；仍然 conj. 然而；不过
concentration [高考]
美[ˌkɑːnsnˈtreɪʃn] | 英[ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn]
n. 集中；专心；浓度
understandable [高考]
美[ˌʌndərˈstændəbl] | 英[ˌʌndəˈstændəbl]
adj. 可理解的；能够懂的
occasional [高考]
美[əˈkeɪʒənl] | 英[əˈkeɪʒənl]
adj. 偶然的；临时的；不时的
liver [高考]
美[ˈlɪvər] | 英[ˈlɪvə(r)]
n. 肝脏
suffering [高考]
美[ˈsʌfərɪŋ] | 英[ˈsʌfərɪŋ]
n. 痛苦；受难
discomfort [高考]
美[dɪsˈkʌmfərt] | 英[dɪsˈkʌmfət]
n. 不便之处；不适 v. 使不适
transfusion [高考]
美[trænsˈfjuːʒn] | 英[trænsˈfjuːʒn]
n. 输液；输血；转移
protective [高考]
美[prəˈtektɪv] | 英[prəˈtektɪv]
adj. 保护的；防卫的
mildly [高考]
美[ˈmaɪldli] | 英[ˈmaɪldli]
adv. 柔和地；和善地；谨慎地
transplant [高考]
美[trænsˈplænt , ˈtrænsplænt] | 英[trænsˈplɑːnt , ˈtrænsplɑːnt]
v. 移居；移栽(植物)；移植(器官) n. 移植；移植物
eventually [高考]
美[ɪˈventʃuəli] | 英[ɪˈventʃuəli]
adv. 最后；终于
settle [高考]
美[ˈsetl] | 英[ˈsetl]
v. 解决；定居；安顿；平静；结算 n. 背长椅，座位；定居，安顿
flexible [高考]
美[ˈfleksəbl] | 英[ˈfleksəbl]
adj. 柔韧的；灵活的；易弯曲的；可变通的
judgment [高考]
美['dʒʌdʒmənt] | 英['dʒʌdʒmənt]
n. 裁判；判断；判断力；意见；判决书
dizzy [高考]
美[ˈdɪzi] | 英[ˈdɪzi]
adj. 晕眩的；(速度)极快的；困惑的 vt. 使晕眩；使困惑
fog [高考]
美[fɑːɡ] | 英[fɒɡ]
n. 雾；朦胧；迷惑 v. 以雾笼罩；使模糊；迷惑
altitude [高考]
美[ˈæltɪtuːd] | 英[ˈæltɪtjuːd]
n. 高度；海拔；高地
at hand [高考]
美[æt hænd] | 英[æt hænd]
adv. 在手边(在附近；即将到来)
lower [高考]
美[ˈloʊər] | 英[ˈləʊə(r)]
adj. 低的；下级的；下层的 v. 降低；减弱；跌落
further [高考]
美[ˈfɜːrðər] | 英[ˈfɜːðə(r)]
adv. 更远地，再往前地；进一步；此外，而且 adj. 更多的，进一步的；（距离上）更远的，较远的 v. 促进，推进
era [高考]
美[ˈɪrə] | 英[ˈɪərə]
n. 纪元；时代；年代
delegate [高考]
美[ˈdelɪɡət , ˈdelɪɡeɪt] | 英[ˈdelɪɡət , ˈdelɪɡeɪt]
n. 代表 v. 派 ... 为代表；委派；授权；委托
hybrid [高考]
美[ˈhaɪbrɪd] | 英[ˈhaɪbrɪd]
n. 混合物；杂种；混血儿 adj. 杂种的；混合的
impair [高考]
美[ɪmˈper] | 英[ɪmˈpeə(r)]
vt. 损害；削弱
where [高考]
美[wer] | 英[weə(r)]
adv. 在哪里；在那个地方 conj. 在 ... 地方
hopefully [四级]
美[ˈhoʊpfəli] | 英[ˈhəʊpfəli]
adv. 怀着希望地；但愿
trust in [四级]
美[trʌst ɪn] | 英[trʌst in]
相信，信任
settle on [四级]
美[ˈsetl ɑːn] | 英[ˈsetl ɒn]
选定；决定
not as [六级]
美 | 英
不如...那样
smartphone [六级]
美[ˈsmɑːrtfoʊn] | 英
n.智能手机
appraise [专四]
美[əˈpreɪz] | 英[əˈpreɪz]
vt. 评价；估价；鉴定
incoherent [专八]
美[ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrənt] | 英[ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪərənt]
adj. 不连贯的；语无伦次的
hangover [专八]
美[ˈhæŋoʊvər] | 英[ˈhæŋəʊvə(r)]
n. 残留物；遗物；宿醉
laziness [考研]
美[ ˈlezɪnɪs] | 英['leɪzɪnəs]
n. 懒惰
bedroom [考研]
美[ˈbedruːm] | 英[ˈbedruːm]
n. 卧室 adj. 两性关系的；性感的；市郊住宅区的
don [托福]
美[dɑn] | 英[dɒn]
n. 先生（西班牙用语）；(牛津、剑桥大学的)指导教师 v. 穿上

重点讲解

Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling. Tapping away at a laptop and smartphone from the discomfort of a sick person’s bedroom is not as dangerous as driving a forklift.

尽管这一切都可以理解，却还是会令人不安。身体抱恙的病人在卧室里用笔记本电脑和智能手机打字并不像开叉车那么危险。

dispose v.

1. 丢掉，处理

【搭配】dispose of 丢掉，处理

（英文释义：get rid of by throwing away or giving or selling to someone else）

【例】the waste is disposed of in the North Sea 废物被扔入北海

People now have substantial assets to dispose of after their death.

现在人们在死后有大量的资产要处理。

【拓展】disposable adj.

（1）用后即丢弃的；一次性的

（英文释义：made to be thrown away after use）

【例】disposable gloves/diapers 一次性手套、尿布

（2）可动用的；可自由支配的

（英文释义：available for use）

【例】disposable assets/ capital/ resources 可支配资产、资本、资源

a person’s disposable income （= money they are free to spend after paying taxes, etc.）个人可支配（税后）收入

2. 安置，安排

（英文释义：arrange in a particular position）

【例】The chief disposed his attendants in a circle.

酋长让他的随从站成一圈。

3. 使倾向于；使有意于；使易于

（英文释义：to make sb behave in a particular way）

【搭配】dispose sb to/ towards sth

【例】a drug that disposes the patient towards sleep 使病人想睡觉的药

hangover n.

1. 宿醉（过量喝酒后第二天的头痛以及恶心反应）

【例】She woke up with a terrible hangover.

她醒来时宿醉反应很厉害。

2. 遗留的感觉；沿袭下来的风俗（或思想等）

【搭配】hangover from sth

【例】the insecure feeling that was a hangover from her childhood

她儿时留下的不安全感

It nevertheless carries risks—both for the ill-disposed individual and their employer. And it isn’t just covid, whose common symptoms include brain fog. Any bug brings fatigue. Being even mildly sick can impair brain function as much as high altitude, whose effect can feel like a bad hangover.

但无论是对病人还是对其雇主而言，风险仍然存在。任何疾病都会让人疲劳，不仅是常见症状包括脑雾的新冠病毒。即使是轻微生病，也会像高海拔一样损害大脑功能，可能会让人像宿醉一样难受。

dispose v.

1. 丢掉，处理

【搭配】dispose of 丢掉，处理

（英文释义：get rid of by throwing away or giving or selling to someone else）

【例】the waste is disposed of in the North Sea 废物被扔入北海

People now have substantial assets to dispose of after their death.

现在人们在死后有大量的资产要处理。

【拓展】disposable adj.

（1）用后即丢弃的；一次性的

（英文释义：made to be thrown away after use）

【例】disposable gloves/diapers 一次性手套、尿布

（2）可动用的；可自由支配的

（英文释义：available for use）

【例】disposable assets/ capital/ resources 可支配资产、资本、资源

a person’s disposable income （= money they are free to spend after paying taxes, etc.）个人可支配（税后）收入

2. 安置，安排

（英文释义：arrange in a particular position）

【例】The chief disposed his attendants in a circle.

酋长让他的随从站成一圈。

3. 使倾向于；使有意于；使易于

（英文释义：to make sb behave in a particular way）

【搭配】dispose sb to/ towards sth

【例】a drug that disposes the patient towards sleep 使病人想睡觉的药

hangover n.

1. 宿醉（过量喝酒后第二天的头痛以及恶心反应）

【例】She woke up with a terrible hangover.

她醒来时宿醉反应很厉害。

2. 遗留的感觉；沿袭下来的风俗（或思想等）

【搭配】hangover from sth

【例】the insecure feeling that was a hangover from her childhood

她儿时留下的不安全感

如果无法专注于手头的工作，就很难做出适当的判断。这就是为什么缺氧的人有时会在珠穆朗玛峰顶上脱掉防护服；其中一些人甚至会因此而冻死。

soldier on 继续做某事或尝试实现某事，即使它很困难

（英文释义：to continue with what you are doing or trying to achieve, especially when this is difficult or unpleasant）

【例】Despite the setbacks, we need to soldier on and keep working towards our goal.

尽管遇到挫折，我们需要坚持下去，继续朝着目标努力。

Firing off emails while feeling dizzy and depleted will put the body under further stress and also risk being incoherent. Soldiering on may make the employee both sicker and less productive for longer.

在头晕目眩、精疲力竭的情况下发邮件不仅会让身体承受更大的压力，也可能导致邮件内容含混不清。坚持带病工作可能会让员工患病时间更长，工作效率反而更低。

soldier on 继续做某事或尝试实现某事，即使它很困难

（英文释义：to continue with what you are doing or trying to achieve, especially when this is difficult or unpleasant）

【例】Despite the setbacks, we need to soldier on and keep working towards our goal.

尽管遇到挫折，我们需要坚持下去，继续朝着目标努力。

Digital presenteeism, for that is what such persisting amounts to, is in no one’s interest. Resisting it is therefore important. You don’t need to have a blood transfusion or liver transplant to feel that you have earned a bit of time off.

这种坚守实际上是“数字出勤主义”的表现，对所有人都没有好处，因此，必须要抵制这种行为。你不必非得到了需要输血或做肝移植的地步才觉得自己可以稍微喘口气。

time off 休息（或休假）时间

【例】We’re too busy to take time off.

我们忙得没时间休假。

take stock of （对某情况）加以总结，作出评估，进行反思

（英文释义：to stop and think carefully about the way in which a particular situation is developing in order to decide what to do next）

【例】Before making any decisions, we need to take stock of the current situation.

在做出任何决定之前，我们需要仔细审视当前的情况。

Sleeping soundly can restore body and spirit. Staring at the ceiling gives you time to take stock of your harried life. Do not worry about being judged to be shirking.

睡个好觉就可以帮助身体和精神恢复元气，盯着天花板放空可以给你时间来审视繁忙的生活，不必担心别人觉得你在推卸责任。

time off 休息（或休假）时间

【例】We’re too busy to take time off.

我们忙得没时间休假。

take stock of （对某情况）加以总结，作出评估，进行反思

（英文释义：to stop and think carefully about the way in which a particular situation is developing in order to decide what to do next）

【例】Before making any decisions, we need to take stock of the current situation.

在做出任何决定之前，我们需要仔细审视当前的情况。

True laziness cannot be disguised—if someone is malingering, chances are that their bosses already know. In the world of flexible working, managers can lead by example, taking the occasional day off when suffering from a cold.

真正的懒惰是无法掩饰的——如果有人装病，很可能他们的老板早已了然于胸。在弹性工作制的世界里，管理者们可以以身作则，偶尔在感冒时请一天假。

appraise v.

1. 估量，估价

【搭配】an appraising glance/ look 打量的一瞥、目光

【例】She stepped back to appraise her workmanship.

她后退一步，鉴赏她作品的艺术性。

2. （对某人的工作）做出评价

【例】Managers must appraise all staff.

经理必须对全体员工作出评价。

Why not use it as an opportunity to delegate tasks? This tends to build trust in a team and helps appraise subordinates’ strengths and weaknesses.

为什么不借此机会委派任务呢？这么做不仅能会在团队中建立信任，也有助于评估下属的优缺点。

appraise v.

1. 估量，估价

【搭配】an appraising glance/ look 打量的一瞥、目光

【例】She stepped back to appraise her workmanship.

她后退一步，鉴赏她作品的艺术性。

2. （对某人的工作）做出评价

【例】Managers must appraise all staff.

经理必须对全体员工作出评价。

The dust will eventually settle on work habits in the hybrid era. When it comes to illness, they will hopefully settle somewhere close to where they were in pre-covid days.

混合办公时代的工作习惯终将尘埃落定，当涉及到疾病时，希望相关规定也能回到疫情爆发前的样子。

ail v. （在精神或身体上）使苦恼，使处境困难；折磨

（英文释义：trouble or afflict (someone) in mind or body）

【例】Exercise is good for whatever ails one.

锻炼对消除任何烦恼都有益。

生病乃人之常情，病痛不会凭空消失，病假也不应销声匿迹。笔者还记得17年前在纽约得了胃病，躺在沙发上休养，既没有同事干扰，也没有工作烦心。

ail v. （在精神或身体上）使苦恼，使处境困难；折磨

（英文释义：trouble or afflict (someone) in mind or body）

【例】Exercise is good for whatever ails one.

锻炼对消除任何烦恼都有益。

The next time she is ailing, she will not be on Slack. Instead, she will listen to her managers and sign off.

下次生病时，她决定不再使用Slack，而是会采纳经理的意见，好好休个病假。

ail v. （在精神或身体上）使苦恼，使处境困难；折磨

（英文释义：trouble or afflict (someone) in mind or body）

【例】Exercise is good for whatever ails one.

锻炼对消除任何烦恼都有益。

课后练习

One of the risks of working during illnesses is that ____.
A. workers cannot work efficiently
B. people’s health may be seriously damanged
C. people have to work longer hours to get things done
D. workers may have bad tempers
What should people do when they are sick?
A. They should continue working unless they are seriously ill.
B. They should take leave and have a good rest.
C. They should stay at home and think about work.
D. They should take the chance to make future plans.
What is the author’s advice for managers?
A. They should figure out whether being sick is an excuse for laziness.
B. They should set an example and take sick leave themselves.
C. They should assign tasks properly to help sick workers.
D. They should trust the workers when they take sick leave.
According to the author, ____.
A. there will be new solutions to sick days in the hybrid era
B. hybrid working should not make sick leave disappear
C. working from home during illnesses may be more common
D. it will be increasingly difficult to take sick leave