壮志凌云式的企业培训(下)

培训是为了好玩吗？是用来拍照片的吗？还是要产生某些影响？

双语精读

Military veterans, like Jocko Willink, a former Navy SEAL, are unsurprised that a period of workplace chaos is pushing companies to rethink management, sometimes in extreme ways.

像前海豹突击队队员乔科·威林克这样的退伍军人对这种现象并不感到惊讶，即一段时期的职场混乱推动着公司重新思考管理方式，有时甚至走向极端。

"The pandemic revealed that we need better leadership," Mr. Willink said. "When people aren't coming into work and you no longer see them every day, you have to use better decentralized command. That's a classic law of combat leadership."

"疫情表明，我们需要更好的领导方式，"威林克说，"当人们不再来上班，你不再每天都能看到他们时，你必须给出更好的权力下放命令。这是一条经典的作战领导法则。"

Mr. Willink recalled a frightening operation during his time as a SEAL when he had to send his team to an isolated area where he wouldn't be able to support them.

威林克回忆起他在海豹突击队期间的一次可怕行动，当时他必须将团队派到一个他无法提供支持的偏远地区。

"A lot was riding on my guys being able to execute their mission," he said, adding that business leaders also have to constantly weigh risk. "It's not the same consequences, but you have a lot riding on your shoulders."

"行动主要取决于我的人能不能执行他们的任务，"他说，并补充说企业领导者也必须不断地权衡风险。"后果并不相同，但很多事情都靠你。"

Whether Navy SEALS wisdom translates to a product release, though, isn't clear.

不过，海豹突击队的智慧是否会转化为产品的发布，现在还不确定。

When talking about professional development, Melissa Nightingale, a co-founder of the management training firm Raw Signal Group, told me the question is -- Is it meant to be fun? Is it meant to be photographed? Or is it meant to be impactful? About 75 percent of professional development efforts fall on the floor.

谈起职业发展时，管理培训公司原始信号集团的联合创始人梅丽莎·南丁格尔表示，问题是，培训是为了好玩吗？是用来拍照片的吗？还是要产生某些影响？大约75%的职业发展培训都没有产生效果。

Still, regardless of how fleeting the benefits, the management machismo keeps spreading, as companies clamor to train their employees in ways that don't involve a Zoom screen. Like, for example, in a race car pit.

无论培训的好处有多短暂，随着各公司纷纷宣称要用不需要Zoom屏幕的方式来培训员工，管理层的大男子气概仍在继续扩散。比如，在赛车修理站里进行培训。

In Raleigh, North Carolina, a financial technology company called Constellation Digital Partners brought its employees together -- some meeting in person for the first time -- to simulate a NASCAR pit stop.

在北卡罗来纳州的罗利，一家名为"星座数字伙伴"的金融技术公司将其员工聚集在一起--其中有些人是第一次与同事见面--模拟纳斯卡赛车维修。

The training was facilitated by a company called Over the Wall, which was started by a former NASCAR pit crew coach, Andy Papathanassiou; rates start at $10,000 and vary depending on the size of the group and how much time it spends training.

这次培训是由一家名为"越墙"的公司举办的，该公司由前纳斯卡维修站教练安迪·帕帕萨纳修创立，费用从1万美元起，根据团队的规模和培训时间的长短而有所变化。

Constellation's roughly 30 employees gathered in their office parking lot around a green race car. The employees took off lug nuts with an air wrench, hoisted off the car's 50-pound tire, swapped in a new tire and got the lug nuts back on.

星座公司的大约30名员工在办公楼的停车场集合，围着一辆绿色的赛车。员工们用气动扳手取下轮胎螺母，然后把50磅重的轮胎卸下，换上一个新轮胎，最后把螺母装回去。

They were dripping in sweat, sunscreen and grease, looking like the harried pit stop crew members of the Tom Cruise movie "Days of Thunder."

他们汗流浃背，油汗混合着防晒霜流下来，看起来就像汤姆·克鲁斯的电影《霹雳男儿》里忙得焦头烂额的维修站工作人员。

"It sounds silly for me to say, but the hardest part is actually getting the tire on," said Kris Kovacs, the company's chief executive. "What that teaches you is you've got to preplan. Hard things, if you practice at them and preplan, become easier and easier."

"我这么说听起来可能很傻，但最难的部分实际上是装上轮胎。"该公司的首席执行官克里斯·科瓦奇说，"这就告诉你必须事先计划好。困难的事情，如果不断练习并预先计划，就会变得越来越简单。"

In the months after the training, Mr. Kovacs said he saw his staff become more communicative. They understood how to share their weak points with one another. "You can do all the 'Kumbaya' trust fall stuff," he said. "Or you can get dirty with your team throwing tires onto NASCARs."

在培训结束后的几个月里，科瓦奇说他看到他的员工变得更加愿意去沟通。他们明白了如何把自己的弱点告诉彼此。"你们可以一起唱‘昆巴亚'、玩信任跌落这种游戏，"他说，"你也可以把自己弄得脏兮兮的，和你的队员一起把轮胎装上纳斯卡赛车。"

词汇预习

• financial [高考]

  美[faɪˈnænʃl] | 英[faɪˈnænʃl]

  adj. 金融的；财政的；[非正式]有钱的

• release [高考]

  美[rɪˈliːs] | 英[rɪˈliːs]

  n. 释放；让渡；发行 vt. 释放；让与；准予发表；发射

• executive [高考]

  美[ɪɡˈzekjətɪv] | 英[ɪɡˈzekjətɪv]

  adj. 行政的；决策的；经营的；[计算机]执行指令 n. 行政主管；行政部门；决策者

• constantly [高考]

  美[ˈkɑːnstəntli] | 英[ˈkɒnstəntli]

  adv. 不断地；经常地

• roughly [高考]

  美[ˈrʌfli] | 英[ˈrʌfli]

  adv. 粗略地；大约；粗暴地；粗糙地；粗鲁地

• founder [高考]

  美[ˈfaʊndɚ] | 英[ˈfaʊndə(r)]

  n. 创立者 v. 摔倒；失败；沉没；弄跛

• stuff [高考]

  美[stʌf] | 英[stʌf]

  n. 东西；原料；材料 n. 素质；本质；废物；无用的想法；废话，蠢话 vt. 塞满；填满

• mission [高考]

  美[ˈmɪʃn] | 英[ˈmɪʃn]

  n. 使命；代表团；任务；布道 v. 派遣；向…传教; 把任务交给

• pit [高考]

  美[pɪt] | 英[pɪt]

  n.矿井；深洞；深坑；麻子 vt.使有麻子; 使有凹陷 vi.凹陷; 起凹点

• former [高考]

  美[ˈfɔːrmər] | 英[ˈfɔːmə(r)]

  adj. 前者的；前任的；以前的 n. 创造者；[英]学校某一年级的学生

• wisdom [高考]

  美[ˈwɪzdəm] | 英[ˈwɪzdəm]

  n. 智慧；明智；才智；聪明；至理名言

• regardless [高考]

  美[rɪˈɡɑːrdləs] | 英[rɪˈɡɑːdləs]

  adj. 不顾的；不注意的 adv. 不顾

• classic [高考]

  美[ˈklæsɪk] | 英[ˈklæsɪk]

  n. 杰作；古典作品；第一流艺术家 adj. 最优秀的；传统的；古典的

• extreme [高考]

  美[ɪkˈstriːm] | 英[ɪkˈstriːm]

  adj. 极度的；极端的 n. 极端；极限

• command [高考]

  美[kəˈmænd] | 英[kəˈmɑːnd]

  v. 命令，下令；统率，指挥；博得，赢得；控制，掌管；居高临下，俯瞰；值（高价） n. 命令，指示；（计算机的）指令；控制，管辖；指挥权，控制权；兵团，军区；指挥部，司令部；掌握，精通 【名】 （Command）（美）科芒（人名）

• chief [高考]

  美[tʃiːf] | 英[tʃiːf]

  adj. 主要的；首要的 n. 首领

• sweat [高考]

  美[ swet] | 英[swet]

  n.汗；出汗；流汗；一身汗 v.出汗；流汗；不安；结水珠

• crew [高考]

  美[kruː] | 英[kruː]

  n. 全体船员；全体乘务员；(一组)工作人员；划艇队员 v. 当船员；当机务人员

• chaos [高考]

  美[ˈkeɪɑːs] | 英[ˈkeɪɒs]

  n. 混乱；无秩序；混沌

• regardless of [高考]

  美[rɪˈɡɑːrdləs əv] | 英[rɪˈɡɑːdləs əv]

  不管； 不顾

• in person [高考]

  美[ɪn 'pɜːrsn] | 英[ɪn 'pɜːsn]

  亲自

• onto [高考]

  美[ˈɑːntə , ˈɑːntu] | 英[ˈɒntə , ˈɒntu]

  prep. 到 ... 上

• parking [高考]

  美[ˈpɑːrkɪŋ] | 英[ˈpɑːkɪŋ]

  n. 停车，泊车；停车场，停车位 v. 存放，寄存；停车(park的ing形式)

• vary [高考]

  美[ˈveri] | 英[ˈveəri]

  v. 改变；变化；使多样化

• combat [高考]

  美[ˈkɑːmbæt] | 英[ˈkɒmbæt]

  n. 战斗；试图解决 v. 战斗；与 ... 斗争；试图解决 adj. 战斗的

• workplace [高考]

  美[ˈwɜːrkpleɪs] | 英[ˈwɜːkpleɪs]

  n. 工作场所

• where [高考]

  美[wer] | 英[weə(r)]

  adv. 在哪里；在那个地方 conj. 在 ... 地方

• rethink [四级]

  美[ˈriːθɪŋk , ˌriːˈθɪŋk] | 英[ˈriːθɪŋk , ˌriːˈθɪŋk]

  v. 再想；再考虑 n. 再思考；反思

• communicative [四级]

  美[kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪtɪv] | 英[kəˈmjuːnɪkətɪv]

  adj. 爱说话的；健谈的；交流的

• execute [四级]

  美[ˈeksɪkjuːt] | 英[ˈeksɪkjuːt]

  vt. 执行；实行；处决；完成

• simulate [六级]

  美[ˈsɪmjuleɪt] | 英[ˈsɪmjuleɪt]

  vt. 假装；模拟；模仿

• wrench [六级]

  美[rentʃ] | 英[rentʃ]

  n. 扳钳，扳手；猛扭；痛苦 vt. 扭伤；挣脱 vi. 猛扭；曲解

• grease [六级]

  美[ɡriːs] | 英[ɡriːs]

  n. 油脂；润滑脂；（炼过的）动物油脂 v. 给…加润滑油；在…上涂油（或抹油、擦油）

• clamor [专四]

  美['klæmər] | 英['klæmə(r)]

  n. 喧嚷；大声的要求 v. 喧嚷；大声要求

• saw [专八]

  美[sɔː] | 英[sɔː]

  n. 锯；谚语，格言 v. 锯，用锯割开；看见，明白（see的过去式）

• fleeting [专八]

  美[ˈflitɪŋ] | 英[ˈfli:tɪŋ]

  adj. 短暂的；疾驰的

• don [托福]

  美[dɑn] | 英[dɒn]

  n. 先生（西班牙用语）；(牛津、剑桥大学的)指导教师 v. 穿上

• isolated [雅思]

  美[ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd] | 英[ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd]

  adj. 孤立的；隔离的；分离的

重点讲解

Military veterans, like Jocko Willink, a former Navy SEAL, are unsurprised that a period of workplace chaos is pushing companies to rethink management, sometimes in extreme ways.

像前海豹突击队队员乔科·威林克这样的退伍军人对这种现象并不感到惊讶，即一段时期的职场混乱推动着公司重新思考管理方式，有时甚至走向极端。

chaos   n. 混乱；杂乱

【例】The house was in chaos after the party. 

聚会后，房子里一片狼藉。

【近义词】disorder  n. 混乱

【拓展】chaotic  adj. 混乱的；杂乱的

decentralize   v. 权力下放；权力分散

【例】decentralized administration 下放了的行政权

【拓展】centralize  v. 使集中；使集权

command  n. 

1. （给人或动物的）命令

【例】obey the captain's commands  服从船长的命令

【近义词】order  n. 命令；指令

2. 控制；（对语言的）掌握

【例】take command of the situation/have a good command of English

控制住场面/熟练掌握英语

"The pandemic revealed that we need better leadership," Mr. Willink said. "When people aren't coming into work and you no longer see them every day, you have to use better decentralized command. That's a classic law of combat leadership."

"疫情表明，我们需要更好的领导方式，"威林克说，"当人们不再来上班，你不再每天都能看到他们时，你必须给出更好的权力下放命令。这是一条经典的作战领导法则。"

chaos   n. 混乱；杂乱

【例】The house was in chaos after the party. 

聚会后，房子里一片狼藉。

【近义词】disorder  n. 混乱

【拓展】chaotic  adj. 混乱的；杂乱的

decentralize   v. 权力下放；权力分散

【例】decentralized administration 下放了的行政权

【拓展】centralize  v. 使集中；使集权

command  n. 

1. （给人或动物的）命令

【例】obey the captain's commands  服从船长的命令

【近义词】order  n. 命令；指令

2. 控制；（对语言的）掌握

【例】take command of the situation/have a good command of English

控制住场面/熟练掌握英语

Mr. Willink recalled a frightening operation during his time as a SEAL when he had to send his team to an isolated area where he wouldn't be able to support them.

威林克回忆起他在海豹突击队期间的一次可怕行动，当时他必须将团队派到一个他无法提供支持的偏远地区。

ride on sth   依赖于；依靠（常用进行时态）

【例】My whole future is riding on this interview. 

我的未来全靠这次面试了。

【近义词】rely on/depend on/lean on  依靠；依赖

weigh   v. 

1. 重量为；称重

【例】She weighs 60 kilos. 

她体重为60公斤。

She weighed the stone in her hand.

她用手掂了掂石头的重量。

2. 认真考虑；权衡

【例】weigh the pros and cons/weigh your words  权衡利弊/字斟句酌

【拓展】weight  n. 重量；重物；重担

"A lot was riding on my guys being able to execute their mission," he said, adding that business leaders also have to constantly weigh risk. "It's not the same consequences, but you have a lot riding on your shoulders."

"行动主要取决于我的人能不能执行他们的任务，"他说，并补充说企业领导者也必须不断地权衡风险。"后果并不相同，但很多事情都靠你。"

ride on sth   依赖于；依靠（常用进行时态）

【例】My whole future is riding on this interview. 

我的未来全靠这次面试了。

【近义词】rely on/depend on/lean on  依靠；依赖

weigh   v. 

1. 重量为；称重

【例】She weighs 60 kilos. 

她体重为60公斤。

She weighed the stone in her hand.

她用手掂了掂石头的重量。

2. 认真考虑；权衡

【例】weigh the pros and cons/weigh your words  权衡利弊/字斟句酌

【拓展】weight  n. 重量；重物；重担

Whether Navy SEALS wisdom translates to a product release, though, isn't clear.

不过，海豹突击队的智慧是否会转化为产品的发布，现在还不确定。

translate to

1. 翻译为

【例】translate from Chinese to English  汉译英

2. 转变为；转化为

【例】translate words into action  把语言化为行动

fall on the floor/fall to the ground

1. 落在地上

【例】Several of the books had fallen on the floor. 

有几本书掉到了地上。

2. （计划）失败，落空

【例】As he alone was earnest in the matter, and as no one came forward with capital, the scheme fell to the ground.

因为只有他一个人对此很热心，而且没人出资，所以这个计划最后落空了。

When talking about professional development, Melissa Nightingale, a co-founder of the management training firm Raw Signal Group, told me the question is -- Is it meant to be fun? Is it meant to be photographed? Or is it meant to be impactful? About 75 percent of professional development efforts fall on the floor.

谈起职业发展时，管理培训公司原始信号集团的联合创始人梅丽莎·南丁格尔表示，问题是，培训是为了好玩吗？是用来拍照片的吗？还是要产生某些影响？大约75%的职业发展培训都没有产生效果。

translate to

1. 翻译为

【例】translate from Chinese to English  汉译英

2. 转变为；转化为

【例】translate words into action  把语言化为行动

fall on the floor/fall to the ground

1. 落在地上

【例】Several of the books had fallen on the floor. 

有几本书掉到了地上。

2. （计划）失败，落空

【例】As he alone was earnest in the matter, and as no one came forward with capital, the scheme fell to the ground.

因为只有他一个人对此很热心，而且没人出资，所以这个计划最后落空了。

Still, regardless of how fleeting the benefits, the management machismo keeps spreading, as companies clamor to train their employees in ways that don't involve a Zoom screen. Like, for example, in a race car pit.

无论培训的好处有多短暂，随着各公司纷纷宣称要用不需要Zoom屏幕的方式来培训员工，管理层的大男子气概仍在继续扩散。比如，在赛车修理站里进行培训。

fleeting  adj. 短暂的；闪现的

【例】a fleeting thought 一闪而过的念头

clamor to do sth/for sth   大声地要求；吵闹着要求

【例】The kid clamors to go home as soon as she gets to school.

小孩一到学校就闹着要回家。

People began to clamor for his resignation. 

人们开始大声疾呼要求他辞职。

In Raleigh, North Carolina, a financial technology company called Constellation Digital Partners brought its employees together -- some meeting in person for the first time -- to simulate a NASCAR pit stop.

在北卡罗来纳州的罗利，一家名为"星座数字伙伴"的金融技术公司将其员工聚集在一起--其中有些人是第一次与同事见面--模拟纳斯卡赛车维修。

fleeting  adj. 短暂的；闪现的

【例】a fleeting thought 一闪而过的念头

clamor to do sth/for sth   大声地要求；吵闹着要求

【例】The kid clamors to go home as soon as she gets to school.

小孩一到学校就闹着要回家。

People began to clamor for his resignation. 

人们开始大声疾呼要求他辞职。

The training was facilitated by a company called Over the Wall, which was started by a former NASCAR pit crew coach, Andy Papathanassiou; rates start at $10,000 and vary depending on the size of the group and how much time it spends training.

这次培训是由一家名为"越墙"的公司举办的，该公司由前纳斯卡维修站教练安迪·帕帕萨纳修创立，费用从1万美元起，根据团队的规模和培训时间的长短而有所变化。

facilitate   v. 使便利；促进

【例】To facilitate learning, each class is no larger than 30 students.

为了促进学习效果，每个班级的学生不超过30人。

【辨析】facility  n. 设备；设施；特定场所

vary   v. 变化；不同；有差异

【例】The menu varies with/according to the season. 

菜单随季节而变动。

Opinions vary from people to people.

不同的人有不同的观点。

【拓展】varied  adj. 各种各样的；各不相同的

【例】live a varied life  过着丰富多彩的生活

Constellation's roughly 30 employees gathered in their office parking lot around a green race car. The employees took off lug nuts with an air wrench, hoisted off the car's 50-pound tire, swapped in a new tire and got the lug nuts back on.

星座公司的大约30名员工在办公楼的停车场集合，围着一辆绿色的赛车。员工们用气动扳手取下轮胎螺母，然后把50磅重的轮胎卸下，换上一个新轮胎，最后把螺母装回去。

hoist   v. （用绳子或机器）吊起，升起；提起

【例】to hoist a flag/to hoist the cargo onto the ship

升旗/把货物吊起并放到船上

harry   v. 不断地烦扰；折磨

【例】She has been harried by the press all week. 

一整个星期她都受到媒体的不断烦扰。

They were dripping in sweat, sunscreen and grease, looking like the harried pit stop crew members of the Tom Cruise movie "Days of Thunder."

他们汗流浃背，油汗混合着防晒霜流下来，看起来就像汤姆·克鲁斯的电影《霹雳男儿》里忙得焦头烂额的维修站工作人员。

hoist   v. （用绳子或机器）吊起，升起；提起

【例】to hoist a flag/to hoist the cargo onto the ship

升旗/把货物吊起并放到船上

harry   v. 不断地烦扰；折磨

【例】She has been harried by the press all week. 

一整个星期她都受到媒体的不断烦扰。

"It sounds**** silly for me**** to**** say,**** but the hardest part**** is**** actually**** getting the tire**** on****," said**** Kris**** Kovacs****,**** the company's chief executive.**** "What that**** teaches you is**** you've**** got to**** preplan.**** Hard**** things****,**** if**** you practice**** at**** them**** and preplan,**** become**** easier**** and easier****."

"我这么说听起来可能很傻，但最难的部分实际上是装上轮胎。"该公司的首席执行官克里斯·科瓦奇说，"这就告诉你必须事先计划好。困难的事情，如果不断练习并预先计划，就会变得越来越简单。"

In**** the months**** after the training****,**** Mr****.**** Kovacs**** said**** he**** saw his staff become**** more**** communicative.**** They**** understood**** how to**** share their weak**** points**** with**** one another.**** "You**** can do**** all the ‘Kumbaya****'**** trust fall**** stuff," he**** said****.**** "Or you can get dirty with**** your**** team**** throwing**** tires onto**** NASCARs."

在培训结束后的几个月里，科瓦奇说他看到他的员工变得更加愿意去沟通。他们明白了如何把自己的弱点告诉彼此。"你们可以一起唱‘昆巴亚'、玩信任跌落这种游戏，"他说，"你也可以把自己弄得脏兮兮的，和你的队员一起把轮胎装上纳斯卡赛车。"

课后练习

• According to Jocko Willink, what should leaders do to respond to the pandemic?

  A. They need to adopt radical and extreme leaderships.

  B. They should tighten the control over employees.

  C. They need to ensure that workers can perform well.

  D. The should minimize risks in decision-making.

• Melissa Nightingale believes that the important thing of professional training is ____.

  A. making it interesting and exciting

  B. displaying the outcome to the public

  C. making a difference to the participants

  D. sticking to it and never giving up

• How did Constellation Digital Partners train its workers?

  A. They participated in a car race.

  B. They watched a NASCAR race.

  C. They assembled a car in the parking lot.

  D. They changed a tire for a race car.

• What did Kris Kovacs think about the NASCAR pit stop training?

  A. It was difficult and meaningless.

  B. It benefited the staff greatly.

  C. It made him understand the employees’ feelings.

  D. It was less effective than the Kumbaya activity.