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壮志凌云式的企业培训(中)
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这让一些管理学专家感到担忧，他们称员工在寻求更具同理心的领导风格，而不是过于咄咄逼人的领导风格。
双语精读
Companies have long valued military experience in hiring. Hollywood has for decades valorized military leaders as the ultimate examples of strength. But now corporate executives are actually play-acting as military members.
长期以来，公司在招聘时一直很重视军事方面的经验。几十年来，好莱坞一直把军队领袖视为力量的终极典范。但现在，企业高管真的在假扮成军人了。
Hundreds of companies are turning to unorthodox programs that use fighter pilot simulations, military principles and even NASCAR pit stop techniques to train business executives on responding to uncertainty and flux.
数百家公司正求助于非传统项目，这些项目使用战斗机飞行模拟、军事原则，甚至纳斯卡赛车维修技术来培训企业高管，教他们如何应对不确定性和变化。
Women can and do participate in these trainings, but many of the companies offering them are run by men -- a source of concern for some management experts, who say workers are looking for more empathic leadership styles, not hyperaggressive ones.
女性可以也确实参加了这些培训，但提供培训的许多公司都是由男性经营，这让一些管理学专家感到担忧，他们称员工在寻求更具同理心的领导风格，而不是过于咄咄逼人的领导风格。
The share of Fortune 500 companies run by women only just crept over the 10 percent mark this year. "I don't think it aligns with what most people say they're looking for in a leader, which is human-centric, empathetic, collaborative," Ms. Yost added.
在财富500强企业中，由女性经营的公司所占比例今年才刚刚超过10%。"我认为这与大多数人想在领导者身上看到的东西不一致，人们希望看到以人为本、富有同理心和合作精神的领导者。"约斯特补充道。
I spent two hours doing my own F35 flight simulation through a company called the Squadron, which has an office in the World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan. I put on a jumpsuit, sat behind a simulator and tried to navigate a fighter plane around Lake Mead, near Las Vegas.
我通过一家名为中队的公司，花了两个小时亲身体验了F35飞行模拟，这家公司在曼哈顿下城的世贸中心设有办公室。我穿上连体裤，坐在模拟器后面，在拉斯维加斯附近的米德湖周围驾驶一架战斗机。
The Squadron team told me I should be aiming to crash no more than two times. I crashed five times. A trainer had explained preflight that crashing isn't all bad: "If you didn't crash, what's the cost? You didn't take any chances."
中队的人跟我说，我的目标应该是坠毁次数不超过两次。而我坠毁了五次。一位教练在飞行前解释说，坠机并不都是坏事："如果你没有坠毁，那代价是什么？说明你没有冒任何风险。"
Five crashes also wasn't ideal. Another Squadron trainer advised me: "Plan better and know which targets you want to take. Planning is big money for you."
但坠机五次也不是很理想。另一位中队的教练这样建议我："好好计划一下，弄清楚你想要瞄准哪些目标。做计划能让你赚大钱。"
Walking around the Squadron's office, I met Tal Kerret, president of Silverstein Properties, which controls the lease on the World Trade Center site. He told me he had completed the F35 simulation and encouraged his employees to do the same.
我在中队的办公室里闲逛时，遇到了兆华斯坦地产公司的总裁塔尔·科雷特，该公司控制着世贸中心地段的租约。他跟我说他已经完成了F35模拟训练，并鼓励他的员工也来参加。
"I need my team to perform under pressure," Mr. Kerret said, explaining the stress of owning corporate real estate in New York City right now, as the industry endures its own crash driven by remote work. "We live in a world of risk. When you buy a property, when you develop a property, it's an impossible thing to do something with zero risk," he told me.
"我需要我的团队有抗压能力，"科雷特说，他解释了目前在纽约市经营面向企业的房地产业务的压力，因为房地产行业本身也承受着远程办公带来的打击。"我们生活在一个充满风险的世界里。购买房产、开发房产时，要做零风险的事情是不可能的。"他向我表示。
For clients of Afterburner and the Squadron, the experience of going on a fighter jet mission is not really the point. What's more important is the debrief that follows the mission, when teammates discuss their weaknesses and identify the causes of their mistakes, so they can avoid those errors going forward.
对于后燃机和中队的客户来说，执行战斗机任务的经历并不真的重要。更重要的是任务之后的情况询问，这时团队成员会讨论他们的弱点并找到出现错误的原因，这样就可以纠正错误。
"We come back after a mission and ask ourselves, 'Hey, what did we set out to achieve today?'" Mr. Boucousis said.
"我们执行完任务回来后会问自己，‘嘿，我们今天定的目标是什么？'"布库西斯说。
词汇预习
source [高考]
美[sɔːrs] | 英[sɔːs]
n. 来源；发源地；原始资料 v. 从...获得
site [高考]
美[saɪt] | 英[saɪt]
n. 地点；位置；现场 vt. 使 ... 位于
identify [高考]
美[aɪˈdentɪfaɪ] | 英[aɪˈdentɪfaɪ]
v. 鉴定；识别；确认；发现；找到
ideal [高考]
美[aɪˈdiːəl] | 英[aɪˈdiːəl]
adj. 理想的；完美的；空想的；观念的 n. 理想；典范；目标
property [高考]
美[ˈprɑːpərti] | 英[ˈprɒpəti]
n. 财产；所有物；地产，房地产；性质；道具
corporate [高考]
美[ˈkɔːrpərət] | 英[ˈkɔːpərət]
adj. 法人的；公司的；社团的；共同的；全体的
mission [高考]
美[ˈmɪʃn] | 英[ˈmɪʃn]
n. 使命；代表团；任务；布道 v. 派遣；向…传教; 把任务交给
military [高考]
美[ˈmɪləteri] | 英[ˈmɪlətri]
adj. 军事的 n. 军队
uncertainty [高考]
美[ʌnˈsɜːrtnti] | 英[ʌnˈsɜːtnti]
n. 不确定；不可靠；易变
pit [高考]
美[pɪt] | 英[pɪt]
n.矿井；深洞；深坑；麻子 vt.使有麻子; 使有凹陷 vi.凹陷; 起凹点
navigate [高考]
美[ˈnævɪɡeɪt] | 英[ˈnævɪɡeɪt]
vi. 航行；驾驶；操纵 vt. 航行；驾驶；横渡；[口]设法穿过，走过，经过
empathetic [高考]
美[empə'θetɪk] | 英[empə'θetɪk]
adj. 移情作用的；感情移入的
estate [高考]
美[ɪˈsteɪt] | 英[ɪˈsteɪt]
n. 财产；遗产；房地产；状态；庄园
Ms. [高考]
美[mɪz] | 英[mɪz]
n. 女士，小姐
remote [高考]
美[rɪˈmoʊt] | 英[rɪˈməʊt]
adj. 遥远的；偏僻的；远程的；(感情等)距离很大 n. 远程操作
jet [高考]
美[dʒet] | 英[dʒet]
n. 喷气式飞机；喷口；喷射；喷气式发动机 v. 喷射；喷出；搭乘喷射式飞机
participate [高考]
美[pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt] | 英[pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt]
vi. 参加；参与 vt. 分享
participate in [高考]
美[pɑrˈtɪsəˌpet ɪn] | 英[pɑ:ˈtisipeit in]
参与； 参加
set out to [高考]
美[sɛt aʊt tu] | 英[set aut tu:]
打算, 着手
ultimate [高考]
美[ˈʌl.tə.mət] | 英[ˈʌltɪmət]
adj. 根本的；极限的；最后的；终极的 n. 终极；极品；根本
turning [高考]
美[ˈtɜːrnɪŋ] | 英[ˈtɜːnɪŋ]
n. 旋转；回转；转向
lease [四级]
美[liːs] | 英[liːs]
n. 租约；租契；租期 vt. 出租；租得
collaborative [四级]
美[kəˈlæbəreɪtɪv] | 英[kəˈlæbərətɪv]
adj. 协作的；合作的
simulation [四级]
美[ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃn] | 英[ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃn]
n. 模拟；仿真；赝品
live in [四级]
美[liv ɪn] | 英[liv in]
v. 住进
no more [四级]
美[noʊ mɔːr] | 英[nəu mɔ:]
也不;不再
offering [四级]
美[ˈɔːfərɪŋ] | 英[ˈɒfərɪŋ]
n. 供品；作品；出售物
flux [六级]
美[flʌks] | 英[flʌks]
n. 流量；变迁；助熔剂 vt. 使熔化；使泻；涨 vi. 熔化
don [托福]
美[dɑn] | 英[dɒn]
n. 先生（西班牙用语）；(牛津、剑桥大学的)指导教师 v. 穿上
centric [托福]
美['sentrɪk] | 英['sentrɪk]
adj. 中心的；中央的
重点讲解
Companies have long valued military experience in hiring. Hollywood has for decades valorized military leaders as the ultimate examples of strength. But now corporate executives are actually play-acting as military members.
长期以来，公司在招聘时一直很重视军事方面的经验。几十年来，好莱坞一直把军队领袖视为力量的终极典范。但现在，企业高管真的在假扮成军人了。
valorize v. 认为某事有价值
【例】Unable to face an uncertain future, they valorized the past, failing to address the present in which they lived.
由于无法面对不确定的未来，他们为过去赋予价值，而没能解决当下的问题。
【近义词】value v. 重视；珍视
【搭配】value sb/sth as... 把某人/某物视为……
Hundreds of companies are turning to unorthodox programs that use fighter pilot simulations, military principles and even NASCAR pit stop techniques to train business executives on responding to uncertainty and flux.
数百家公司正求助于非传统项目，这些项目使用战斗机飞行模拟、军事原则，甚至纳斯卡赛车维修技术来培训企业高管，教他们如何应对不确定性和变化。
unorthodox adj. 非正统的；非传统的；离经叛道的
【例】He has an unorthodox teaching style.
他有非传统的教学风格。
【反义词】orthodox adj. 正统的；规范的
simulation n. 模拟；仿真
【例】a computer simulation of nuclear war 计算机模拟的核战争
【拓展】simulated adj. 仿造的；模拟的
【例】simulated leather 人造革
【近义词】mock adj. 模拟的
Women can and do participate in these trainings, but many of the companies offering them are run by men -- a source of concern for some management experts, who say workers are looking for more empathic leadership styles, not hyperaggressive ones.
女性可以也确实参加了这些培训，但提供培训的许多公司都是由男性经营，这让一些管理学专家感到担忧，他们称员工在寻求更具同理心的领导风格，而不是过于咄咄逼人的领导风格。
empathic adj. 共情的；移情的
【例】He is empathetic and has great understanding of people's emotions and behaviors.
他的共情能力很强，很能理解其他人的情感和行为。
【辨析】sympathetic adj. 有同情心的
【拓展】empathy n. 同理心；共情
align with
1. 与……成一条直线
【例】When you've aligned the gun with the target, fire!
让枪和目标在一条直线上后，就射击。
2. 使一致
【例】The post was deleted because it did not align with the values of this website.
帖子被删掉了，因为内容和网站的价值观不一致。
3. 公开支持
【例】As a musician, he aligned himself with the avant-garde.
作为音乐家，他支持先锋派。
The share of Fortune 500 companies run by women only just crept over the 10 percent mark this year. "I don't think it aligns with what most people say they're looking for in a leader, which is human-centric, empathetic, collaborative," Ms. Yost added.
在财富500强企业中，由女性经营的公司所占比例今年才刚刚超过10%。"我认为这与大多数人想在领导者身上看到的东西不一致，人们希望看到以人为本、富有同理心和合作精神的领导者。"约斯特补充道。
empathic adj. 共情的；移情的
【例】He is empathetic and has great understanding of people's emotions and behaviors.
他的共情能力很强，很能理解其他人的情感和行为。
【辨析】sympathetic adj. 有同情心的
【拓展】empathy n. 同理心；共情
align with
1. 与……成一条直线
【例】When you've aligned the gun with the target, fire!
让枪和目标在一条直线上后，就射击。
2. 使一致
【例】The post was deleted because it did not align with the values of this website.
帖子被删掉了，因为内容和网站的价值观不一致。
3. 公开支持
【例】As a musician, he aligned himself with the avant-garde.
作为音乐家，他支持先锋派。
I spent two hours doing my own F35 flight simulation through a company called the Squadron, which has an office in the World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan. I put on a jumpsuit, sat behind a simulator and tried to navigate a fighter plane around Lake Mead, near Las Vegas.
我通过一家名为中队的公司，花了两个小时亲身体验了F35飞行模拟，这家公司在曼哈顿下城的世贸中心设有办公室。我穿上连体裤，坐在模拟器后面，在拉斯维加斯附近的米德湖周围驾驶一架战斗机。
aim v.
1. 目标是……；力求做到
【例】They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.
他们正力求使失业人数下降 50%。
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
2. 瞄准
【例】I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.
我对准树射击，不料误中了汽车。
take a chance 冒险
【例】We took a chance on the weather and planned to have the party outside.
不知道天气好坏，我们还是冒了险，计划在户外举办派对。
【近义词】take a risk 冒险
The Squadron team told me I should be aiming to crash no more than two times. I crashed five times. A trainer had explained preflight that crashing isn't all bad: "If you didn't crash, what's the cost? You didn't take any chances."
中队的人跟我说，我的目标应该是坠毁次数不超过两次。而我坠毁了五次。一位教练在飞行前解释说，坠机并不都是坏事："如果你没有坠毁，那代价是什么？说明你没有冒任何风险。"
aim v.
1. 目标是……；力求做到
【例】They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.
他们正力求使失业人数下降 50%。
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
2. 瞄准
【例】I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.
我对准树射击，不料误中了汽车。
take a chance 冒险
【例】We took a chance on the weather and planned to have the party outside.
不知道天气好坏，我们还是冒了险，计划在户外举办派对。
【近义词】take a risk 冒险
Five crashes also wasn't ideal. Another Squadron trainer advised me: "Plan better and know which targets you want to take. Planning is big money for you."
但坠机五次也不是很理想。另一位中队的教练这样建议我："好好计划一下，弄清楚你想要瞄准哪些目标。做计划能让你赚大钱。"
aim v.
1. 目标是……；力求做到
【例】They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.
他们正力求使失业人数下降 50%。
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
2. 瞄准
【例】I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.
我对准树射击，不料误中了汽车。
take a chance 冒险
【例】We took a chance on the weather and planned to have the party outside.
不知道天气好坏，我们还是冒了险，计划在户外举办派对。
【近义词】take a risk 冒险
Walking around the Squadron's office, I met Tal Kerret, president of Silverstein Properties, which controls the lease on the World Trade Center site. He told me he had completed the F35 simulation and encouraged his employees to do the same.
我在中队的办公室里闲逛时，遇到了兆华斯坦地产公司的总裁塔尔·科雷特，该公司控制着世贸中心地段的租约。他跟我说他已经完成了F35模拟训练，并鼓励他的员工也来参加。
lease n. & v.
1. 作名词：租约；租契
【例】The lease expires next year.
这份租约明年到期。
2. 作动词：租用；出租
【例】They lease the land from a local farmer.
他们从当地一位农场主手中租得这块土地。
A local farmer leased them the land.
这块地是当地的一个农场主租给他们的。
【辨析】rent/let/hire v. 租用或出租/出租/短期租用
perform v.
1. 表演
【例】to perform magic tricks 表演魔术
2. 履行；执行
【例】to perform an experiment/a task/an operation
做实验/完成任务/做手术
3. 工作；表现
【例】Although she had never been interviewed on TV before, she performed well.
她虽然以前从未接受过电视采访, 可是表现得很出色。
"I need my team to perform under pressure," Mr. Kerret said, explaining the stress of owning corporate real estate in New York City right now, as the industry endures its own crash driven by remote work. "We live in a world of risk. When you buy a property, when you develop a property, it's an impossible thing to do something with zero risk," he told me.
"我需要我的团队有抗压能力，"科雷特说，他解释了目前在纽约市经营面向企业的房地产业务的压力，因为房地产行业本身也承受着远程办公带来的打击。"我们生活在一个充满风险的世界里。购买房产、开发房产时，要做零风险的事情是不可能的。"他向我表示。
lease n. & v.
1. 作名词：租约；租契
【例】The lease expires next year.
这份租约明年到期。
2. 作动词：租用；出租
【例】They lease the land from a local farmer.
他们从当地一位农场主手中租得这块土地。
A local farmer leased them the land.
这块地是当地的一个农场主租给他们的。
【辨析】rent/let/hire v. 租用或出租/出租/短期租用
perform v.
1. 表演
【例】to perform magic tricks 表演魔术
2. 履行；执行
【例】to perform an experiment/a task/an operation
做实验/完成任务/做手术
3. 工作；表现
【例】Although she had never been interviewed on TV before, she performed well.
她虽然以前从未接受过电视采访, 可是表现得很出色。
For clients of Afterburner and the Squadron, the experience of going on a fighter jet mission is not really the point. What's more important is the debrief that follows the mission, when teammates discuss their weaknesses and identify the causes of their mistakes, so they can avoid those errors going forward.
对于后燃机和中队的客户来说，执行战斗机任务的经历并不真的重要。更重要的是任务之后的情况询问，这时团队成员会讨论他们的弱点并找到出现错误的原因，这样就可以纠正错误。
debrief v./n. 正式询问（某人执行任务的情况）
【例】The pilots were thoroughly debriefed after every mission.
每次完成任务后，飞行员都会接受详细询问。
【反义词】brief v. 向某人介绍情况
set out
1. 出发；启程
【例】set out on a journey 动身踏上旅程
2. （怀着目标）开始工作，展开任务
【例】They succeeded in what they set out to do.
他们实现了既定的目标。
"We come back after a mission and ask ourselves, 'Hey, what did we set out to achieve today?'" Mr. Boucousis said.
"我们执行完任务回来后会问自己，‘嘿，我们今天定的目标是什么？'"布库西斯说。
debrief v./n. 正式询问（某人执行任务的情况）
【例】The pilots were thoroughly debriefed after every mission.
每次完成任务后，飞行员都会接受详细询问。
【反义词】brief v. 向某人介绍情况
set out
1. 出发；启程
【例】set out on a journey 动身踏上旅程
2. （怀着目标）开始工作，展开任务
【例】They succeeded in what they set out to do.
他们实现了既定的目标。
课后练习
Companies use military principles to ____.
A. improve their hiring methods
B. help employees acquire techniques
C. add interest to the training program
D. prepare employees for uncertainty
What concern do some management experts have about the military training?
A. Female employees may be excluded from such training.
B. The leadership style may not be approved by workers.
C. The training may not produce notable effects.
D. The training may undermine leaders’ authority.
What did the author learn from the F35 flight simulation?
A. Setting a suitable target will encourage you to do better.
B. Taking chances will lead to serious consequences.
C. It is important to stay optimistic after failure.
D. Making plans can help avoid some mistakes.
What is the most important thing in the training program?
A. To foster the courage to try something new.
B. To learn how to prevent risks from happening.
C. To experience the execution of a military mission.
D. To reflect on the errors so as to do better next time.