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壮志凌云式的企业培训(上)
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工作就是战争--或者某些CEO是这样感觉的。迎接这个时刻吧，现在是壮志凌云式领导力培训的时代。
双语精读
"Your company is about to go on a rescue," declared Christian Boucousis, who goes by the name Boo at work. "One of your company members went out to do reconnaissance and was shot down. Now you're going to rescue your teammate and bring them home."
"你们公司要进行救援行动。"克里斯蒂安·布库西斯宣布，他在工作中的代号是布。"公司的一名成员外出侦察时中弹倒下，现在你要救出队友，带他回家。"
Mr. Boucousis, a former fighter pilot, is the CEO of an organization called Afterburner. His organization promises to teach "the same precision and accuracy as elite military aviators" to corporate clients.
布库西斯曾经是一名战斗机飞行员，现在是一家名为"后燃机"的公司的CEO，该公司承诺教企业客户达到"与精英军事飞行员一样的精确度和准确度"。
His firm has worked with Nike, Pepsi, Bank of America and many other brands. These businesses aren't struggling to save teammates shot down by enemy squadrons. Their problems? Market competition, shareholder pressures, employee turnover.
他的公司与耐克、百事可乐、美国银行等许多其他品牌有过合作。这些企业并不是真的在努力营救被敌军中队击倒的队友。他们的问题是什么？是市场竞争、股东压力、员工流动性。
Some corporate executives find it thrilling, though, to spend a few hours feeling less like C-suite dwellers and more like Tom Cruise. Even for a significant cost: Afterburner's "Top Gun Experience" training starts at 100,000 for a larger one.
然而，一些企业高管认为花几个小时从高管变身为汤姆·克鲁斯是令人兴奋的事情。即使这样做价格不菲：后燃机的"壮志凌云体验"培训课对于一个小团队来说是1万美元起步，如果是大团队，价格可能会攀升到10万美元。
"If you lose sight of the airplane you're fighting against, you lose the fight," Mr. Boucousis said. "We use that as a metaphor -- if you lose sight of your business objectives, you're not going to achieve them."
"如果你看不到你要攻击的飞机，你就会输掉战斗。"布库西斯说，"这是一种比喻：如果你看不到你的业务目标，你就无法实现这些目标。"
There are a lot metaphors at work in this growing field: The office as battlefield. Landing the plane in a tough quarter. Rallying the troops for a product launch. Work is war -- or it can feel that way to certain CEOs. To meet the moment, it's the era of Top Gun-style leadership training.
在这个新兴领域，比喻经常被使用：办公室被比作战场。飞机降落在一个艰难的季度。召集军队参加产品发布会。工作就是战争--或者某些CEO是这样感觉的。迎接这个时刻吧，现在是壮志凌云式领导力培训的时代。
Many business leaders responded to the last few years of uncertainty by bringing softer, more emotional conversations into boardrooms. Some encouraged open discussions of employee mental health in the office. One chief executive, drawing backlash, even posted a selfie on LinkedIn showing tears streaming down his face after he laid off two employees.
面对过去几年的不确定性，许多企业领导的应对方式是在董事会会议室里进行更柔和、更感性的对话。一些领导鼓励在办公室里公开讨论员工的心理健康问题。一位CEO甚至在领英上发布了一张自拍，照片上的他在裁掉两名员工后泪流满面，这张自拍引发了强烈批评。
Others went in the opposite direction, embracing a new style of corporate machismo. Elon Musk challenged Mark Zuckerberg to a cage match; Mr. Zuckerberg, who has been training in Brazilian jiujitsu over the past 18 months, texted the president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship to see if his rival had been serious about the proposition.
其他人则走向了相反的方向，接受了新型企业大男子气概。埃隆·马斯克向马克·扎克伯格发起笼斗挑战，过去18个月扎克伯格一直在训练巴西柔术，还给终极格斗锦标赛主席发了短信，看看他的对手是否认真对待了决斗的提议。
Corporate offices have long been filled with signs of aggression: shouting, cursing, traders pacing the floors with lacrosse sticks. Many of those came under scrutiny amid a push for more diversity and inclusion in the corporate world.
长期以来，公司办公室里充斥着攻击性迹象：喊叫、咒骂、交易员拿着曲棍球棍走来走去。在推动企业界更加多元化和更具包容性的过程中，许多这样的行为受到了审视。
But some management experts say that during times of economic pressure, the chest-thumping can sometimes come back in full force. Cali Williams Yost, a workplace strategist, tells me that leaders are trying to regain a sense of control they feel they've lost over the last few years. "They're searching to reassert control and power in a way that feels familiar."
但一些管理专家表示，在经济遭受压力的时期，锤打胸膛的行为有时会卷土重来。职场策略师卡利·威廉姆斯·约斯特告诉我，领导们试图重新获得掌控感，他们觉得自己在过去几年里已经失去了这种感觉。"他们在以一种熟悉的方式重新确立掌控感和权力。"
词汇预习
economic [高考]
美[ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk] | 英[ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk]
adj. 经济的，经济学的；有利可图的；节约的
emotional [高考]
美[ɪˈmoʊʃənl] | 英[ɪˈməʊʃənl]
adj. 感情的；情绪的
significant [高考]
美[sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt] | 英[sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt]
adj. 重要的；有意义的；意味深长的；显著的
executive [高考]
美[ɪɡˈzekjətɪv] | 英[ɪɡˈzekjətɪv]
adj. 行政的；决策的；经营的；[计算机]执行指令 n. 行政主管；行政部门；决策者
launch [高考]
美[lɔːntʃ] | 英[lɔːntʃ]
v. 发起；推出（新产品）；发射；使(船)下水 n. 发射；发行，投放市场；下水；汽艇
corporate [高考]
美[ˈkɔːrpərət] | 英[ˈkɔːpərət]
adj. 法人的；公司的；社团的；共同的；全体的
military [高考]
美[ˈmɪləteri] | 英[ˈmɪlətri]
adj. 军事的 n. 军队
regain [高考]
美[riˈɡen] | 英[rɪˈgeɪn]
v. 恢复；重回；复得
diversity [高考]
美[daɪˈvɜːrsəti] | 英[daɪˈvɜːsəti]
n. 多样性；差异
inclusion [高考]
美[ɪnˈkluʒən] | 英[ɪnˈklu:ʒn]
n. 包含
uncertainty [高考]
美[ʌnˈsɜːrtnti] | 英[ʌnˈsɜːtnti]
n. 不确定；不可靠；易变
battlefield [高考]
美[ˈbætlfiːld] | 英[ˈbætlfiːld]
n. 战场；斗争；争论点
mental [高考]
美[ˈmentl] | 英[ˈmentl]
adj. 思想的；心理的；精神的；脑力的 n. 精神病患者
tough [高考]
美[tʌf] | 英[tʌf]
adj. 强硬的；棘手的，难办的；艰苦的；严厉的；牢固的，强壮的；坚强的，坚韧的 adv. 以强硬的态度；强硬地，顽强地 n. 暴徒; 恶棍
former [高考]
美[ˈfɔːrmər] | 英[ˈfɔːmə(r)]
adj. 前者的；前任的；以前的 n. 创造者；[英]学校某一年级的学生
chief [高考]
美[tʃiːf] | 英[tʃiːf]
adj. 主要的；首要的 n. 首领
accuracy [高考]
美[ˈækjərəsi] | 英[ˈækjərəsi]
n. 准确(性)；精确度
suite [高考]
美[swiːt] | 英[swiːt]
n. 套房；一套物件；随员；[计]一组程序；[音]组曲
in a way [高考]
美[ɪn ə weɪ] | 英[ɪn ə weɪ]
在某种程度上； 从某一点上看
lose sight of [高考]
美[luːz saɪt əv] | 英[luːz saɪt ɒv]
忽略； 看不见 ... 了； 忘记
era [高考]
美[ˈɪrə] | 英[ˈɪərə]
n. 纪元；时代；年代
rival [高考]
美[ˈraɪvl] | 英[ˈraɪvl]
n. 竞争者；对手；同伴 adj. 竞争的 v. 竞争；与 ... 相匹敌
workplace [高考]
美[ˈwɜːrkpleɪs] | 英[ˈwɜːkpleɪs]
n. 工作场所
shot [高考]
美[ ʃɑːt] | 英[ʃɒt]
n. 注射；投篮；发射；拍摄；开枪；子弹 adj. (织物)闪色的；精疲力尽的；完了的
precision [四级]
美[prɪˈsɪʒn] | 英[prɪˈsɪʒn]
n. 精确；精密度 adj. 精确的
turnover [四级]
美[ˈtɜːrnoʊvər] | 英[ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r)]
n. 营业额，成交量；(人员的)流动率；周转率；半圆馅饼 adj. 翻过来的，可翻转的
amid [四级]
美[əˈmɪd] | 英[əˈmɪd]
prep. 在其间；在其中
proposition [四级]
美[ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃn] | 英[ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn]
n. 提议；事业；命题 vt. 向 ... 调情
elite [四级]
美[eɪˈliːt , ɪˈliːt] | 英[eɪˈliːt , ɪˈliːt]
n. 精英 adj. 精英的；优秀的
scrutiny [六级]
美[ˈskruːtəni] | 英[ˈskruːtəni]
n. 监视；细看；周密的调查
in full [六级]
美[ɪn fʊl] | 英[ɪn fʊl]
全部地, 不省略地
metaphor [六级]
美[ˈmetəfər] | 英[ˈmetəfə(r)]
n. 象征；隐喻
reconnaissance [专八]
美[rɪˈkɑnɪsns] | 英[rɪˈkɒnɪsns]
n. 侦察；勘察
trying [专八]
美[ˈtraɪɪŋ] | 英[ˈtraɪɪŋ]
adj. 难受的；令人厌烦的
strategist [雅思]
美[ˈstrætədʒɪst] | 英[ˈstrætədʒɪst]
n. 战略家；军事家
重点讲解
"Your company is about to go on a rescue," declared Christian Boucousis, who goes by the name Boo at work. "One of your company members went out to do reconnaissance and was shot down. Now you're going to rescue your teammate and bring them home."
"你们公司要进行救援行动。"克里斯蒂安·布库西斯宣布，他在工作中的代号是布。"公司的一名成员外出侦察时中弹倒下，现在你要救出队友，带他回家。"
rescue n. & v.
1. 作名词：营救；救援
【例】come to one’s rescue/a rescue team 拯救某人/救援队
2. 作动词：营救；救援
【例】You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。
Mr. Boucousis, a former fighter pilot, is the CEO of an organization called Afterburner. His organization promises to teach "the same precision and accuracy as elite military aviators" to corporate clients.
布库西斯曾经是一名战斗机飞行员，现在是一家名为"后燃机"的公司的CEO，该公司承诺教企业客户达到"与精英军事飞行员一样的精确度和准确度"。
aviator n. 飞行员
【例】aviator glasses 飞行员眼镜
【拓展】aviation n. 航空；飞行
【例】civil aviation/the aviation business 民航/航空业
【拓展】avian adj. 与鸟类相关的
【例】avian flu/studies 禽流感/鸟类研究
turnover n.
1. 人员变更率
【例】a high turnover of staff 很高的人员变更率
【反义词】retention n. （员工的）留用，续聘
2. （一定时期内的）营业额
【例】an annual turnover of $75 million 7500万美元的年营业额
【拓展】turn over 营业额为……
【例】The company turns over £3.5 million a year.
这家公司一年的营业额为350万英镑。
His firm has worked with Nike, Pepsi, Bank of America and many other brands. These businesses aren't struggling to save teammates shot down by enemy squadrons. Their problems? Market competition, shareholder pressures, employee turnover.
他的公司与耐克、百事可乐、美国银行等许多其他品牌有过合作。这些企业并不是真的在努力营救被敌军中队击倒的队友。他们的问题是什么？是市场竞争、股东压力、员工流动性。
aviator n. 飞行员
【例】aviator glasses 飞行员眼镜
【拓展】aviation n. 航空；飞行
【例】civil aviation/the aviation business 民航/航空业
【拓展】avian adj. 与鸟类相关的
【例】avian flu/studies 禽流感/鸟类研究
turnover n.
1. 人员变更率
【例】a high turnover of staff 很高的人员变更率
【反义词】retention n. （员工的）留用，续聘
2. （一定时期内的）营业额
【例】an annual turnover of $75 million 7500万美元的年营业额
【拓展】turn over 营业额为……
【例】The company turns over £3.5 million a year.
这家公司一年的营业额为350万英镑。
Some corporate executives find it thrilling, though, to spend a few hours feeling less like C-suite dwellers and more like Tom Cruise. Even for a significant cost: Afterburner's "Top Gun Experience" training starts at 100,000 for a larger one.
然而，一些企业高管认为花几个小时从高管变身为汤姆·克鲁斯是令人兴奋的事情。即使这样做价格不菲：后燃机的"壮志凌云体验"培训课对于一个小团队来说是1万美元起步，如果是大团队，价格可能会攀升到10万美元。
thrilling adj. 令人兴奋的；紧张刺激的
【例】The story has a thrilling climax at the end.
故事结束时有一个很刺激的高潮。
【拓展】thrill n./v. 兴奋感；激动/使非常兴奋
【例】it gives me a big thrill to.../I’m thrilled to... 做某事让我很兴奋
【拓展】thriller n. 惊悚小说/电影
"If you lose sight of the airplane you're fighting against, you lose the fight," Mr. Boucousis said. "We use that as a metaphor -- if you lose sight of your business objectives, you're not going to achieve them."
"如果你看不到你要攻击的飞机，你就会输掉战斗。"布库西斯说，"这是一种比喻：如果你看不到你的业务目标，你就无法实现这些目标。"
objective n. & adj.
1. 作名词：目标；目的
【例】to set your objectives 给自己定目标
【近义词】object n. 目的；宗旨
【辨析】target/goal n. 具体目标/长期目标
2. 作形容词：客观的
【例】objective reality 客观现实
【拓展】object n. 物体；对象；客体
There are a lot metaphors at work in this growing field: The office as battlefield. Landing the plane in a tough quarter. Rallying the troops for a product launch. Work is war -- or it can feel that way to certain CEOs. To meet the moment, it's the era of Top Gun-style leadership training.
在这个新兴领域，比喻经常被使用：办公室被比作战场。飞机降落在一个艰难的季度。召集军队参加产品发布会。工作就是战争--或者某些CEO是这样感觉的。迎接这个时刻吧，现在是壮志凌云式领导力培训的时代。
objective n. & adj.
1. 作名词：目标；目的
【例】to set your objectives 给自己定目标
【近义词】object n. 目的；宗旨
【辨析】target/goal n. 具体目标/长期目标
2. 作形容词：客观的
【例】objective reality 客观现实
【拓展】object n. 物体；对象；客体
Many business leaders responded to the last few years of uncertainty by bringing softer, more emotional conversations into boardrooms. Some encouraged open discussions of employee mental health in the office. One chief executive, drawing backlash, even posted a selfie on LinkedIn showing tears streaming down his face after he laid off two employees.
面对过去几年的不确定性，许多企业领导的应对方式是在董事会会议室里进行更柔和、更感性的对话。一些领导鼓励在办公室里公开讨论员工的心理健康问题。一位CEO甚至在领英上发布了一张自拍，照片上的他在裁掉两名员工后泪流满面，这张自拍引发了强烈批评。
emotional adj.
1. 与感情相关的
【例】emotional and intellectual development 情感和智力发展
2. 激起感情的；有感染力的
【例】an emotional song 令人感动的歌曲
3. 情绪激动的；感情冲动的
【例】I felt quite emotional during the wedding ceremony.
在举行婚礼仪式的时候我情绪很激动。
backlash n. 集体反对, 强烈抵制
【例】the backlash against the new tax/the backlash against the actor on social media
对新税项的集体反对/社交媒体上对那位演员的强烈批评
【辨析】backfire v. 回火；产生事与愿违的结果
【例】The plan may backfire on you.
这个计划可能会对你产生适得其反的结果.
Others went in the opposite direction, embracing a new style of corporate machismo. Elon Musk challenged Mark Zuckerberg to a cage match; Mr. Zuckerberg, who has been training in Brazilian jiujitsu over the past 18 months, texted the president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship to see if his rival had been serious about the proposition.
其他人则走向了相反的方向，接受了新型企业大男子气概。埃隆·马斯克向马克·扎克伯格发起笼斗挑战，过去18个月扎克伯格一直在训练巴西柔术，还给终极格斗锦标赛主席发了短信，看看他的对手是否认真对待了决斗的提议。
machismo n. 大男子气概；大男子主义行为
【例】But the hairy chest is still often associated with machismo.
但胸毛依然通常被认为是大男子气概的表现。
【辨析】masculinity n. 男子气；男性气质
【拓展】macho adj. 大男子气的；男子汉的
【例】He's too macho to ever admit he was wrong.
他太大男子主义了，从不认错。
rival n. & v.
1. 作名词：竞争对手
【例】a rival to sb/have no rivals 某人的对手/无可匹敌
2. 作动词：比得上；与……竞争
【例】No one can rival him in creativity.
在创意方面没有人比得上他。
Corporate offices have long been filled with signs of aggression: shouting, cursing, traders pacing the floors with lacrosse sticks. Many of those came under scrutiny amid a push for more diversity and inclusion in the corporate world.
长期以来，公司办公室里充斥着攻击性迹象：喊叫、咒骂、交易员拿着曲棍球棍走来走去。在推动企业界更加多元化和更具包容性的过程中，许多这样的行为受到了审视。
scrutiny n. 仔细审视；认真检查
【例】Her argument doesn't stand up to scrutiny.
她的观点经不起细察。
【拓展】scrutinize v. 仔细检查
reassert v.
1. 重申；再次声明
【例】He reasserted that all parties should be involved in the talks.
他再次声明各方均应参加会谈。
2. 再次维护；再次主张
【例】to reassert one’s position/traditional values/one’s independence
再次坚持某人的立场/再次肯定传统价值/再次维护某人的独立性
【搭配】reassert itself 再次发挥作用
【例】He thought about giving up his job, but then common sense reasserted itself.
他曾想过放弃这份工作，但后来还是理智占了上风。
But some management experts say that during times of economic pressure, the chest-thumping can sometimes come back in full force. Cali Williams Yost, a workplace strategist, tells me that leaders are trying to regain a sense of control they feel they've lost over the last few years. "They're searching to reassert control and power in a way that feels familiar."
但一些管理专家表示，在经济遭受压力的时期，锤打胸膛的行为有时会卷土重来。职场策略师卡利·威廉姆斯·约斯特告诉我，领导们试图重新获得掌控感，他们觉得自己在过去几年里已经失去了这种感觉。"他们在以一种熟悉的方式重新确立掌控感和权力。"
scrutiny n. 仔细审视；认真检查
【例】Her argument doesn't stand up to scrutiny.
她的观点经不起细察。
【拓展】scrutinize v. 仔细检查
reassert v.
1. 重申；再次声明
【例】He reasserted that all parties should be involved in the talks.
他再次声明各方均应参加会谈。
2. 再次维护；再次主张
【例】to reassert one’s position/traditional values/one’s independence
再次坚持某人的立场/再次肯定传统价值/再次维护某人的独立性
【搭配】reassert itself 再次发挥作用
【例】He thought about giving up his job, but then common sense reasserted itself.
他曾想过放弃这份工作，但后来还是理智占了上风。
课后练习
What does Christian Boucousis’ company do?
A. It teaches clients how to become fighter pilots.
B. It offers rescue services to corporate clients.
C. It provides military-like training programs for companies.
D. It creates accurate data and analyses for businesses.
The Top Gun-style leadership training refers to ____.
A. expensive and intensive training courses
B. acting courses for senior executives
C. field studies of military training
D. training in military spirit
The challenge between Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg shows that ____.
A. empathy is no longer valued in management
B. people admire powerful and aggressive leaders
C. some executives opt for aggressive approaches
D. company leaders act dramatically to attract attention
According to Cali Williams Yost, the reason for Top Gun-style leadership is that ____.
A. it is common to be aggressive in the business world
B. businesses are more tolerant of aggression than before
C. people try to be strong enough to cope with pressures
D. leaders want to correct their mistakes made in the past