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可爱是如何征服世界的?
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滑动浏览任何社交媒体推送,很快就会出现一段可爱的视频。也许是一个咯咯笑的婴儿,也许是一只兔子在啃草莓。
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双语精读
Small, but mighty: How cuteness has taken over the world.
小但强大:可爱是如何征服世界的
Scroll through any social-media feed, and before long a cute video will appear. Perhaps it shows a giggling baby or a rabbit nibbling strawberries.
滑动浏览任何社交媒体推送,很快就会出现一段可爱的视频。也许是一个咯咯笑的婴儿,也许是一只兔子在啃草莓。
A red panda might be throwing its paws in the air, like a furry thief being apprehended, or a kitten may sit astride a tiny motorcycle.
也许是一只小熊猫把爪子伸向空中,就像一个毛茸茸的小偷被逮捕一样,又也许是一只小猫跨坐在小摩托车上。
The supply of these endearing clips is huge. On TikTok there are 65m videos tagged #cute. The demand is even greater: those videos have been viewed more than 625bn times.
这些可爱视频的供应量是巨大的。在TikTok上,有6500万个视频带了“可爱”标签。对这些视频的需求甚至更大:观看量已超过6250亿次。
What do humans consider cute?
人类认为什么是可爱的?
In the 1940s Konrad Lorenz, an Austrian zoologist, found that people are drawn to babies with big eyes, a small nose and mouth and round cheeks, as well as a pudgy body, short arms and legs and a wobbly gait.
在20世纪40年代,奥地利动物学家康拉德·洛伦茨发现,人们会被婴儿吸引,婴儿有大眼睛、小鼻子和小嘴巴、圆圆的脸颊、胖乎乎的身体、短短的胳膊和腿以及摇摇晃晃的步态。
These traits motivated people to nurture and protect babies, helping ensure their survival.
这些特点促使人们去养育和保护婴儿,确保婴儿存活下来。
Humans are so drawn to these attributes that cats and dogs may have been bred to emphasise those same features.
这些特点对人类有极大的吸引力,以至于小猫和小狗在育种的时候都强调这些同样的特征。
Cartoon characters have morphed, too. For instance, Mickey Mouse's arms, legs and nose have shrunk since 1928, while his head and eyes have become larger.
卡通形象也发生了变化。例如,自1928年以来,米老鼠的胳膊、腿和鼻子都缩小了,而它的头和眼睛却变大了。
A study from 2015 found that participants felt more energetic and positive, and less annoyed, anxious or sad, after watching cat videos.
2015年的一项研究发现,参与者在观看猫咪视频后感觉精力更充沛、心态更积极,烦恼、焦虑或悲伤的情绪更少。
Morten Kringelbach, a neuroscientist at Oxford University, has studied the brain's rapid reaction to baby faces: the orbitofrontal cortex-a region linked with pleasure, among other things-is activated within a seventh of a second.
牛津大学神经学家莫滕·克林格尔巴赫研究了大脑对婴儿脸庞的快速反应:眼眶前额叶皮质(与愉悦等情绪相关的区域)在看到婴儿脸庞的七分之一秒内被激活。
(Men and women are equally eager to look at adorable infants.)
(男性和女性渴望看到可爱婴儿的程度是一样的。)
Cuteness has real-world uses. Lovot, a doe-eyed companion robot with a button nose, is covered in sensors and responds positively when cuddled.
可爱在现实世界中是有用处的。Lovot是一个有着大眼睛和纽扣鼻子的陪伴型机器人,它身上覆盖着传感器,人们拥抱它时会做出积极的回应。
Such innovations may help combat loneliness among the elderly. Policymakers, too, might harness the power of cute to nudge people's behaviour.
这些创新可能有助于老年人对抗孤独感。政策制定者也可能利用可爱的力量来引导人们的行为。
Japan's kawaii barriers are thought to reduce road-rage incidents. Putting images on bins of sea turtles or dolphins trapped in rubbish has been shown to reduce plastic waste.
日本的可爱风格路障被认为可以减少路怒事件。在垃圾箱上放一些被困在垃圾中的海龟或海豚的图片可以减少塑料垃圾。
Mr Kringelbach says that cute babies can encourage people to have empathy for demonised groups such as refugees.
克林格尔巴赫表示,可爱的婴儿可以促使人们对难民等被妖魔化的群体产生共情。
An appreciation for cute things is a joy in and of itself, but it also "has the potential to change the world", he argues. How's that for a cute idea?
他认为,欣赏可爱的东西本身就是一种享受,但这种行为也“具有改变世界的潜力”。这个主意也很可爱吧?
词汇预习
ensure [高考]
美[ɪnˈʃʊr] | 英[ɪnˈʃʊə(r)]
vt. 担保;保证;使安全;确保
reaction [高考]
美[riˈækʃn] | 英[riˈækʃn]
n. 反应;生理反应;反应能力;复旧;反动;化学反应
Oxford [高考]
美[ˈɑːksfərd] | 英[ˈɒksfəd]
n. 牛津城;牛津大学;牛津布;牛津鞋
equally [高考]
美[ˈiːkwəli] | 英[ˈiːkwəli]
adv. 相等地;同样地;平等地
region [高考]
美[ˈriːdʒən] | 英[ˈriːdʒən]
n. 地区;范围;领域;地带;地域
empathy [高考]
美[ˈempəθi] | 英[ˈempəθi]
n. 移情作用;共鸣;[心]神入
positively [高考]
美[ˈpɑzətɪvli] | 英[ˈpɒzətɪvli]
adv. 极其;绝对地;十分肯定的;坚定的
nurture [高考]
美[ˈnɜːrtʃər] | 英[ˈnɜːtʃə(r)]
vt. 养育;培育;照顾;扶持 n. 养育;培育;环境因素
rage [高考]
美[reɪdʒ] | 英[reɪdʒ]
n. 狂怒;大怒;狂暴;肆虐;风行 v. 大怒;怒斥;激烈进行;肆虐
within [高考]
美[wɪˈðɪn] | 英[wɪˈðɪn]
prep. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)内;在…里面 adv. 在…里面 n. 内部
demand [高考]
美[dɪˈmænd] | 英[dɪˈmɑːnd]
n. 要求;需求 v. 要求;查问;需要
media [高考]
美[ˈmiːdiə] | 英[ˈmiːdiə]
n. 传播媒介;(medium的复数)媒体;新闻媒介
potential [高考]
美[pəˈtenʃl] | 英[pəˈtenʃl]
adj. 潜在的;可能的 n. 潜力;潜能 n. 电位;电势
behaviour [高考]
美[bɪˈheɪvjər] | 英[bɪˈheɪvjə(r)]
n. 行为;举止;品行
survival [高考]
美[sərˈvaɪvl] | 英[səˈvaɪvl]
n. 幸存;幸存者;生存;残存物,幸存物;【人类学】(失去原有意义、作用的)残存文化特征
eager [高考]
美[ˈiːɡər] | 英[ˈiːɡə(r)]
adj. 热切的;渴望的
companion [高考]
美[kəmˈpæniən] | 英[kəmˈpæniən]
n. 同伴;志趣相投的人;成对物品之一;参考书 v. 陪伴
appreciation [高考]
美[əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn] | 英[əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn]
n. 欣赏;感激;鉴识;评价;增值
before long [高考]
美[bɪˈfɔːr lɔːŋ] | 英[bɪˈfɔː(r) lɒŋ]
不久以后
adorable [高考]
美[əˈdɔːrəbl] | 英[əˈdɔːrəbl]
adj. 值得崇敬的;可爱的
combat [高考]
美[ˈkɑːmbæt] | 英[ˈkɒmbæt]
n. 战斗;试图解决 v. 战斗;与 ... 斗争;试图解决 adj. 战斗的
harness [高考]
美[ˈhɑːrnɪs] | 英[ˈhɑːnɪs]
n. 马具;安全带;甲胄;系在身上的绳子 vt. 束以马具;披上甲胄;利用;管理;控制
loneliness [四级]
美[ˈloʊnlinəs] | 英[ˈləʊnlinəs]
n. 孤独;寂寞
neuroscientist [四级]
美['njʊəroʊsaɪəntɪst] | 英['njʊərəʊsaɪəntɪst]
n. 神经系统科学家
look at [四级]
美[lʊk æt] | 英[lʊk æt]
(仔细地)看;着眼,考虑
of itself [四级]
美[ʌv ɪtˈsɛlf] | 英[ɔv itˈself]
adv. 自行地;自然地
mighty [四级]
美[ˈmaɪti] | 英[ˈmaɪti]
adj. 强大的;巨大的 adv. 很;极其
felt [专八]
美[fɛlt] | 英[felt]
n. 毛毡;毡制品 vt. 制毡;使粘结 vi. 毡合
kitten [专八]
美[ˈkɪtn] | 英[ˈkɪtn]
n. 小猫 vi. 生育小猫
nudge [专八]
美[nʌdʒ] | 英[nʌdʒ]
vt. 轻推;轻触;推进 vi. 轻推 n. 轻推
cortex [考研]
美[ˈkɔːrteks] | 英[ˈkɔːteks]
n. 外皮;(大脑)皮层
annoyed [托福]
美[əˈnɔɪd] | 英[əˈnɔɪd]
adj. 恼怒的;气恼的
重点讲解
Small, but mighty: How cuteness has taken over the world.
小但强大:可爱是如何征服世界的
take over 接管,取得对…的控制
【例】His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.
他投资这家公司唯一的原因是想接管它。
【拓展】takeover n.
1. 收购
【例】a takeover bid for the company 收购这家公司的出价
2. 控制,接管(政党、国家等)
【例】This apparently triggered the military takeover.
这显然是这次军事政变的导火线。
feed v.& n.
1. 作动词
(1)喂养;养活
【例】Have you fed the cat yet?
你喂了猫没有?
(2)提供(意见或信息等);灌输
【例】Gossip and speculation are constantly fed to us by the media.
媒体不断把流言蜚语和猜测臆断灌输给我们。
2. 作名词
(1)饲料;肥料
【例】winter feed for the horses 马的冬季饲料
(2)(博客、新闻网站、社交网站等的)信息推送,信息订阅功能
【例】It’s a constant feed of information but in small amounts.
这是一个持续不断的信息推送,但数量很少。
Scroll through any social-media feed, and before long a cute video will appear. Perhaps it shows a giggling baby or a rabbit nibbling strawberries.
滑动浏览任何社交媒体推送,很快就会出现一段可爱的视频。也许是一个咯咯笑的婴儿,也许是一只兔子在啃草莓。
take over 接管,取得对…的控制
【例】His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.
他投资这家公司唯一的原因是想接管它。
【拓展】takeover n.
1. 收购
【例】a takeover bid for the company 收购这家公司的出价
2. 控制,接管(政党、国家等)
【例】This apparently triggered the military takeover.
这显然是这次军事政变的导火线。
feed v.& n.
1. 作动词
(1)喂养;养活
【例】Have you fed the cat yet?
你喂了猫没有?
(2)提供(意见或信息等);灌输
【例】Gossip and speculation are constantly fed to us by the media.
媒体不断把流言蜚语和猜测臆断灌输给我们。
2. 作名词
(1)饲料;肥料
【例】winter feed for the horses 马的冬季饲料
(2)(博客、新闻网站、社交网站等的)信息推送,信息订阅功能
【例】It’s a constant feed of information but in small amounts.
这是一个持续不断的信息推送,但数量很少。
A red panda might be throwing its paws in the air, like a furry thief being apprehended, or a kitten may sit astride a tiny motorcycle.
也许是一只小熊猫把爪子伸向空中,就像一个毛茸茸的小偷被逮捕一样,又也许是一只小猫跨坐在小摩托车上。
apprehend v.
1. 逮捕,拘捕
【例】The police have failed to apprehend the culprits.
警方未能拘捕罪犯。
2. 了解,明白
【例】They were slow to apprehend the danger.
他们未能迅速意识到危险。
clip n. & v.
1. 作名词
(1)夹子,回形针
【例】a hair clip 发夹
(2)片段(电影/电视节目)
【例】Here is a clip from her latest movie.
这是她最新电影的片段。
(3)剪短;(用手)抽打
【例】He gave the hedge a clip.
他把树篱修剪了一下。
2. 作动词
(1)夹住;别住
【例】Clip the pages together.
把这些散页夹在一起。
(2)剪(掉);修剪
【例】He clipped off a length of wire.
他剪掉了一段金属线。
The supply of these endearing clips is huge. On TikTok there are 65m videos tagged #cute. The demand is even greater: those videos have been viewed more than 625bn times.
这些可爱视频的供应量是巨大的。在TikTok上,有6500万个视频带了“可爱”标签。对这些视频的需求甚至更大:观看量已超过6250亿次。
apprehend v.
1. 逮捕,拘捕
【例】The police have failed to apprehend the culprits.
警方未能拘捕罪犯。
2. 了解,明白
【例】They were slow to apprehend the danger.
他们未能迅速意识到危险。
clip n. & v.
1. 作名词
(1)夹子,回形针
【例】a hair clip 发夹
(2)片段(电影/电视节目)
【例】Here is a clip from her latest movie.
这是她最新电影的片段。
(3)剪短;(用手)抽打
【例】He gave the hedge a clip.
他把树篱修剪了一下。
2. 作动词
(1)夹住;别住
【例】Clip the pages together.
把这些散页夹在一起。
(2)剪(掉);修剪
【例】He clipped off a length of wire.
他剪掉了一段金属线。
What do humans consider cute?
人类认为什么是可爱的?
draw v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)画,描绘
【例】to draw a picture 画画
(2)拖(动);拉(动)
【例】I tried to draw him aside.
我试图把他拉到一边。
(3)吸引;使感兴趣
【例】The movie is drawing large audiences.
这部影片吸引着大批观众。
2. 作名词
(1)抽奖;抽签
【例】the draw for the second round of the Champions League
欧洲冠军联赛第二轮抽签
(2)平局;不分胜负
【例】He managed to hold Smith to a draw.
他总算与史密斯打了个平局。
(3)有吸引力的人(或事物)
【例】She is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene.
她是目前爱尔兰音乐界最受欢迎的人物之一。
In the 1940s Konrad Lorenz, an Austrian zoologist, found that people are drawn to babies with big eyes, a small nose and mouth and round cheeks, as well as a pudgy body, short arms and legs and a wobbly gait.
在20世纪40年代,奥地利动物学家康拉德·洛伦茨发现,人们会被婴儿吸引,婴儿有大眼睛、小鼻子和小嘴巴、圆圆的脸颊、胖乎乎的身体、短短的胳膊和腿以及摇摇晃晃的步态。
draw v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)画,描绘
【例】to draw a picture 画画
(2)拖(动);拉(动)
【例】I tried to draw him aside.
我试图把他拉到一边。
(3)吸引;使感兴趣
【例】The movie is drawing large audiences.
这部影片吸引着大批观众。
2. 作名词
(1)抽奖;抽签
【例】the draw for the second round of the Champions League
欧洲冠军联赛第二轮抽签
(2)平局;不分胜负
【例】He managed to hold Smith to a draw.
他总算与史密斯打了个平局。
(3)有吸引力的人(或事物)
【例】She is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene.
她是目前爱尔兰音乐界最受欢迎的人物之一。
These traits motivated people to nurture and protect babies, helping ensure their survival.
这些特点促使人们去养育和保护婴儿,确保婴儿存活下来。
nurture v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)养育;培养
【例】children nurtured by loving parents 受到慈爱的父母养育的孩子
(2)发展(计划、想法等);培养(感情等)
【例】a hatred of foreigners nurtured by the media
由媒体助长的对外国人的仇恨
2. 作名词:(儿时所受的)教育,教养
【例】The two sisters had received very different nurture.
这俩个姊妹接受过极不同的教育。
attribute v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)把…归因于;认为…是由于
【例】She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
她认为她的成功来自勤劳和一点运气。
(2)认为…具有…的特征
【例】One should not attribute human motives to animals.
不应该认为动物也有人类的动机。
2. 作名词:特性,属性
【例】Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
耐心是教师最重要的品质之一。
Humans are so drawn to these attributes that cats and dogs may have been bred to emphasise those same features.
这些特点对人类有极大的吸引力,以至于小猫和小狗在育种的时候都强调这些同样的特征。
nurture v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)养育;培养
【例】children nurtured by loving parents 受到慈爱的父母养育的孩子
(2)发展(计划、想法等);培养(感情等)
【例】a hatred of foreigners nurtured by the media
由媒体助长的对外国人的仇恨
2. 作名词:(儿时所受的)教育,教养
【例】The two sisters had received very different nurture.
这俩个姊妹接受过极不同的教育。
attribute v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)把…归因于;认为…是由于
【例】She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
她认为她的成功来自勤劳和一点运气。
(2)认为…具有…的特征
【例】One should not attribute human motives to animals.
不应该认为动物也有人类的动机。
2. 作名词:特性,属性
【例】Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
耐心是教师最重要的品质之一。
Cartoon characters have morphed, too. For instance, Mickey Mouse's arms, legs and nose have shrunk since 1928, while his head and eyes have become larger.
卡通形象也发生了变化。例如,自1928年以来,米老鼠的胳膊、腿和鼻子都缩小了,而它的头和眼睛却变大了。
nurture v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)养育;培养
【例】children nurtured by loving parents 受到慈爱的父母养育的孩子
(2)发展(计划、想法等);培养(感情等)
【例】a hatred of foreigners nurtured by the media
由媒体助长的对外国人的仇恨
2. 作名词:(儿时所受的)教育,教养
【例】The two sisters had received very different nurture.
这俩个姊妹接受过极不同的教育。
attribute v. & n.
1. 作动词
(1)把…归因于;认为…是由于
【例】She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
她认为她的成功来自勤劳和一点运气。
(2)认为…具有…的特征
【例】One should not attribute human motives to animals.
不应该认为动物也有人类的动机。
2. 作名词:特性,属性
【例】Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
耐心是教师最重要的品质之一。
A study from 2015 found that participants felt more energetic and positive, and less annoyed, anxious or sad, after watching cat videos.
2015年的一项研究发现,参与者在观看猫咪视频后感觉精力更充沛、心态更积极,烦恼、焦虑或悲伤的情绪更少。
among other things/places/factors 除此之外,等等
【例】At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Japan.
会上除其他议题外,他们还讨论了日本近来发生的事件。
【拓展】and so on/ forth 诸如此类,等等
【例】Don't forget about texts, emails, and so on.
不要忘记短信、邮件等等。
etc. (et cetera) 等等;以及诸如此类
【例】Remember to take some paper and a pen, etc.
记住带些纸、笔等东西。
Morten Kringelbach, a neuroscientist at Oxford University, has studied the brain’s rapid reaction to baby faces: the orbitofrontal cortex—a region linked with pleasure, among other things—is activated within a seventh of a second.
牛津大学神经学家莫滕·克林格尔巴赫研究了大脑对婴儿脸庞的快速反应:眼眶前额叶皮质(与愉悦等情绪相关的区域)在看到婴儿脸庞的七分之一秒内被激活。
among other things/places/factors 除此之外,等等
【例】At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Japan.
会上除其他议题外,他们还讨论了日本近来发生的事件。
【拓展】and so on/ forth 诸如此类,等等
【例】Don't forget about texts, emails, and so on.
不要忘记短信、邮件等等。
etc. (et cetera) 等等;以及诸如此类
【例】Remember to take some paper and a pen, etc.
记住带些纸、笔等东西。
(Men and women are equally eager to look at adorable infants.)
(男性和女性渴望看到可爱婴儿的程度是一样的。)
among other things/places/factors 除此之外,等等
【例】At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Japan.
会上除其他议题外,他们还讨论了日本近来发生的事件。
【拓展】and so on/ forth 诸如此类,等等
【例】Don't forget about texts, emails, and so on.
不要忘记短信、邮件等等。
etc. (et cetera) 等等;以及诸如此类
【例】Remember to take some paper and a pen, etc.
记住带些纸、笔等东西。
Cuteness has real-world uses. Lovot, a doe-eyed companion robot with a button nose, is covered in sensors and responds positively when cuddled.
可爱在现实世界中是有用处的。Lovot是一个有着大眼睛和纽扣鼻子的陪伴型机器人,它身上覆盖着传感器,人们拥抱它时会做出积极的回应。
harness n. & v.
1. 作名词:(把人固定在一处或防止其坠落的)背带,保护带
【例】a safety harness 安全带
2. 作动词:控制,利用(自然力等)
【例】We can harness the power of the wind to generate electricity.
我们可以利用风力发电。
Such innovations may help combat loneliness among the elderly. Policymakers, too, might harness the power of cute to nudge people’s behaviour.
这些创新可能有助于老年人对抗孤独感。政策制定者也可能利用可爱的力量来引导人们的行为。
harness n. & v.
1. 作名词:(把人固定在一处或防止其坠落的)背带,保护带
【例】a safety harness 安全带
2. 作动词:控制,利用(自然力等)
【例】We can harness the power of the wind to generate electricity.
我们可以利用风力发电。
Japan’s kawaii barriers are thought to reduce road-rage incidents. Putting images on bins of sea turtles or dolphins trapped in rubbish has been shown to reduce plastic waste.
日本的可爱风格路障被认为可以减少路怒事件。在垃圾箱上放一些被困在垃圾中的海龟或海豚的图片可以减少塑料垃圾。
harness n. & v.
1. 作名词:(把人固定在一处或防止其坠落的)背带,保护带
【例】a safety harness 安全带
2. 作动词:控制,利用(自然力等)
【例】We can harness the power of the wind to generate electricity.
我们可以利用风力发电。
Mr Kringelbach says that cute babies can encourage people to have empathy for demonised groups such as refugees.
克林格尔巴赫表示,可爱的婴儿可以促使人们对难民等被妖魔化的群体产生共情。
demonise v. 将…妖魔化;把…描绘成魔鬼(或危险人物等)
【例】Fire has the capacity to burn, and because of this, many cultures demonize it.
火有燃烧的能力,正因为如此,许多文化都妖魔化它。
【拓展】demon n.
1. 魔鬼,恶魔
【例】demons torturing the sinners in Hell 地狱里折磨罪人的魔鬼
2. 技艺出众的人,高手
【例】a demon cook 烹饪高手
in and of itself 从事物的本身来看
【例】That is a milestone in and of itself.
这本身就是一个里程碑。
【拓展】in/of itself 本身,本质上
【例】There is a slight infection in the lung, which in itself is not serious.
肺部有轻微的感染,这本身并不严重。
An appreciation for cute things is a joy in and of itself, but it also “has the potential to change the world”, he argues. How’s that for a cute idea?
他认为,欣赏可爱的东西本身就是一种享受,但这种行为也“具有改变世界的潜力”。这个主意也很可爱吧?
demonise v. 将…妖魔化;把…描绘成魔鬼(或危险人物等)
【例】Fire has the capacity to burn, and because of this, many cultures demonize it.
火有燃烧的能力,正因为如此,许多文化都妖魔化它。
【拓展】demon n.
1. 魔鬼,恶魔
【例】demons torturing the sinners in Hell 地狱里折磨罪人的魔鬼
2. 技艺出众的人,高手
【例】a demon cook 烹饪高手
in and of itself 从事物的本身来看
【例】That is a milestone in and of itself.
这本身就是一个里程碑。
【拓展】in/of itself 本身,本质上
【例】There is a slight infection in the lung, which in itself is not serious.
肺部有轻微的感染,这本身并不严重。
课后练习
What can be learned about cute videos from the text?
A. Cute videos are extremely popular on social media platforms.
B. Videos of animals are watched millions of times on the internet.
C. People love to share cute videos with each other.
D. There are all sorts of funny videos on TikTok.
According to Konrad Lorenz, why are humans attracted to certain features in babies?
A. Because these features are rare and thus highly valued.
B. Because these features indicate intelligence and health.
C. Because these features motivate people to protect babies.
D. Because these features are similar to those of cute animals.
What effect do baby faces have on viewers according to a study by Morten Kringelbach?
A. They make viewers feel more energetic and focused.
B. They increase viewers' levels of annoyance and anxiety.
C. They can quickly cause viewers to be in a good mood.
D. They have a bigger impact on women than on men.
How can the concept of cuteness be applied in the real world?
A. By using cute companion robots to enhance physical fitness programs.
B. By employing cute rubbish bins to attract tourists to seaside resorts.
C. By selling cute merchandise to fund environmental conservation efforts.
D. By using cute babies’ images to arouse sympathy for refugees.