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工作中的友情(上)
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如果一份工作已经足够乏味，那么同事之间的情谊可能是工作的主要吸引力。
双语精读
Friends at work
工作中的朋友
Why it is a bad idea for managers to attempt to engineer office friendships.
为什么经理们试图策划办公室友谊不是一个好主意。
Scholars of happiness have found that close relationships are one of the critical ingredients of a contented life. What is true in general is also true of the workplace, according to research by Gallup.
研究幸福的学者发现，亲密关系是生活美满的关键因素之一。盖洛普的研究显示，这一普遍法则也适用于职场。
The pollster finds that having a "best friend at work" is closely associated with all manner of good things, from greater employee engagement to higher retention and better safety records.
这家民调机构发现，拥有“工作中的密友”与各种益处密切相关，包括更高的员工参与度、更高的留任率和更好的安全记录。
At some level, that is unremarkable. Spending time with people you like makes most things more appealing, including work. If a job is sufficiently humdrum, camaraderie among colleagues can be the main draw.
在某种程度上，这并不令人惊奇。和喜欢的人待在一起会让大多数事情变得更有意思，包括工作。如果一份工作已经足够乏味，那么同事之间的情谊可能是工作的主要吸引力。
The support of friends can also encourage people to try new things. A study from 2015 by Erica Field of Duke University, and her co-authors, looked at the impact of business training given to Indian women.
朋友的支持也可以鼓励人们尝试新事物。杜克大学的埃里卡·菲尔德和她的合著者在2015年进行了一项研究，考察了印度女性接受商业培训的影响。
Women who attended the course with a friend were more likely to end up taking out loans than those who came alone. The reverse also applies.
与朋友一起参加课程的女性比独自来听课的女性更有可能去借商业贷款。反之亦然。
Antagonistic relationships with co-workers are always likely to make working life miserable. A study conducted by Valerie Good of Grand Valley State University found that loneliness has an adverse effect on the performance of salespeople.
与同事的敌对关系总是可能让职场生活变得痛苦。大峡谷州立大学的瓦莱丽·古德进行的一项研究发现，孤独对销售人员的业绩有不利影响。
Among other things, they start spending more on wining and dining their customers. The only thing worse than a salesperson who sees you as a way to make money is one who wants your company.
除了其他方面的不利影响，他们还开始在和客户吃饭方面花更多钱。比销售人员想要你的钱更糟糕的，就是这个销售还想要你陪他。
So friends matter. The problems come when managers see the words "higher employee engagement" and leap to the conclusion that they should try to engineer work friendships.
所以朋友很重要。当经理们看到“员工参与度更高”的字眼，并立刻推导出他们应该策划工作中的友谊时，问题就来了。
In a report published last year Gallup gave the example of an unnamed organisation which has a weekly company-wide meeting that spotlights one employee's best friend at work.
在去年发布的一份报告中，盖洛普举了一个匿名组织的例子，该组织每周召开一次公司全体会议，重点关注某一名员工在工作中最好的朋友。
It's not known if, in the Q&A, others pop up to sob: "But I thought we were best friends at work." Startups also offer services to encourage work friendships. One monitors the depth of connections between people in different teams.
目前还不清楚在问答环节，是否会有其他人突然哭起来，说：“我还以为我们才是工作中最好的朋友。”初创公司也提供服务来促进职场友谊。一种服务是监测不同团队中人员之间的联系深度。
It identifies shared interests (gluten-free baking, say, or workplace surveillance) between employees who don't know each other and arranges meetings between them. You thought life was bad? At least you are not making crumpets with a stranger in finance.
它能识别互不认识的员工之间的共同兴趣(比如无麸质烘焙或工作监控)，并安排他们进行聚会。你觉得生活很糟糕？但至少你不需要和财务科的一个陌生人一起做烤面饼。
词汇预习
critical [高考]
美[ˈkrɪtɪkl] | 英[ˈkrɪtɪkl]
adj. 批评的；挑剔的；决定性的；危险的 adj. 临界的
impact [高考]
美[ˈɪmpækt , ɪmˈpækt] | 英[ˈɪmpækt , ɪmˈpækt]
n. 影响；冲击力；撞击 vt. 挤入；压紧；撞击；对 ... 发生影响 vi. 冲击；撞击；产生影响
leap [高考]
美[liːp] | 英[liːp]
v. 跳跃；跃过；跃 n. 跳跃；跃
engagement [高考]
美[ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt] | 英[ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt]
n. 约会；约定；订婚；婚约；雇用；交战；(机器零件等)啮合
reverse [高考]
美[rɪˈvɜːrs] | 英[rɪˈvɜːs]
v. 逆转；倒退；互换；改变 adj. 相反的；反面的；颠倒的 n. 相反；背面；失败；倒档
miserable [高考]
美[ˈmɪzrəbl] | 英[ˈmɪzrəbl]
adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的；贫乏的；狼狈的
depth [高考]
美[depθ] | 英[depθ]
n. 深度；深刻；深奥；深；厚度
finance [高考]
美[ˈfaɪnæns] | 英[ˈfaɪnæns]
n. 金融；财政；资金 vt. 给 ... 提供资金；负担经费
sob [高考]
美[sɑːb] | 英[sɒb]
v. 抽泣；呜咽 n. 呜咽；哭泣
organisation [高考]
美[ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃn] | 英[ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn]
n. 组织；团体；条理
workplace [高考]
美[ˈwɜːrkpleɪs] | 英[ˈwɜːkpleɪs]
n. 工作场所
sufficiently [四级]
美[sə'fɪʃ(ə)ntli] | 英[sə'fɪʃ(ə)ntlɪ]
adv. 足够地；充分地
loneliness [四级]
美[ˈloʊnlinəs] | 英[ˈləʊnlinəs]
n. 孤独；寂寞
salesperson [四级]
美[ˈseɪlzpɜrsn] | 英[ˈseɪlzpɜ:sn]
n. 售货员，销售员
up to [四级]
美[ʌp tu] | 英[ʌp tu]
胜任；直到；多达；该由 ... 决定
effect on [四级]
美[ɪˈfɛkt ɑn] | 英[iˈfekt ɔn]
对 ... 的作用
appealing [四级]
美[əˈpiːlɪŋ] | 英[əˈpiːlɪŋ]
adj. 引起兴趣的；动人的；恳求的
contented [四级]
美[kənˈtentɪd] | 英[kənˈtentɪd]
adj. 满足的；心安的
adverse [六级]
美[ədˈvɜːrs] | 英[ˈædvɜːs]
adj. 不利的；逆向的；有害的
surveillance [六级]
美[sɜːrˈveɪləns] | 英[sɜːˈveɪləns]
n. 监视；监督
according [专四]
美[ə'kɔrdɪŋ] | 英[ə'kɔːdɪŋ]
adj. 相符的；相应的；一致的 v. 给予；符合，一致；正式协议（accord的现在分词）
pollster [专八]
美[ˈpoʊlstə(r)] | 英[ˈpəʊlstə(r)]
n. 民意测验者
humdrum [专八]
美[ˈhʌmˌdrʌm] | 英[ˈhʌmdrʌm]
adj. 单调的；乏味的 n. 乏味的谈话；无聊
retention [考研]
美[rɪˈtenʃn] | 英[rɪˈtenʃn]
n. 保留物；保存；保持(力)；记忆力
don [托福]
美[dɑn] | 英[dɒn]
n. 先生（西班牙用语）；(牛津、剑桥大学的)指导教师 v. 穿上
重点讲解
Friends at work
工作中的朋友
engineer n. & v.
1. 作名词：工程师
【例】an electrical engineer/a spiritual engineer
电气工程师/灵魂工程师
2. 作动词：
（1）设计；改造
【例】genetically engineered crops 转基因农作物
（2）安排；策划；操纵
【例】She engineered a further meeting with him to make the deal.
她精心安排又和他见了一面，想把生意谈成。
Why it is a bad idea for managers to attempt to engineer office friendships.
为什么经理们试图策划办公室友谊不是一个好主意。
engineer n. & v.
1. 作名词：工程师
【例】an electrical engineer/a spiritual engineer
电气工程师/灵魂工程师
2. 作动词：
（1）设计；改造
【例】genetically engineered crops 转基因农作物
（2）安排；策划；操纵
【例】She engineered a further meeting with him to make the deal.
她精心安排又和他见了一面，想把生意谈成。
Scholars of happiness have found that close relationships are one of the critical ingredients of a contented life. What is true in general is also true of the workplace, according to research by Gallup.
研究幸福的学者发现，亲密关系是生活美满的关键因素之一。盖洛普的研究显示，这一普遍法则也适用于职场。
contented adj. 满意的；满足的
【例】a contented smile/a contented man 满意的微笑/心满意足的人
【近义词】content adj. 满意的
【例】She was content with her life as it was.
她对生活现状很满意。
retention n. 留住；保持；维持
【例】customer retention/retention of the old technology
留住客户/保留旧有技术
【拓展】retain v. 保持；保留
【例】to retain independence/moisture 保持独立/留住水分
The pollster finds that having a “best friend at work” is closely associated with all manner of good things, from greater employee engagement to higher retention and better safety records.
这家民调机构发现，拥有“工作中的密友”与各种益处密切相关，包括更高的员工参与度、更高的留任率和更好的安全记录。
contented adj. 满意的；满足的
【例】a contented smile/a contented man 满意的微笑/心满意足的人
【近义词】content adj. 满意的
【例】She was content with her life as it was.
她对生活现状很满意。
retention n. 留住；保持；维持
【例】customer retention/retention of the old technology
留住客户/保留旧有技术
【拓展】retain v. 保持；保留
【例】to retain independence/moisture 保持独立/留住水分
At some level, that is unremarkable. Spending time with people you like makes most things more appealing, including work. If a job is sufficiently humdrum, camaraderie among colleagues can be the main draw.
在某种程度上，这并不令人惊奇。和喜欢的人待在一起会让大多数事情变得更有意思，包括工作。如果一份工作已经足够乏味，那么同事之间的情谊可能是工作的主要吸引力。
draw v. & n.
1. 作动词：吸引；牵引；招引
【例】to draw one’s attention/be drawn to music
吸引某人的注意力/被音乐吸引（喜欢音乐）
2. 作名词：吸引人的事物
【例】The panda is a national treasure and a big tourist draw.
熊猫是我们的国宝，也是很吸引游客的动物。
【近义词】attraction n. 吸引人的事物
apply v.
1. 申请
【例】apply for a job 申请工作
2. 应用；使用
【例】apply the technology to farming 把这项技术应用于农业
3. 涉及；适用于
【例】Special conditions apply if you are under 18.
如果你未满18岁，则按特殊情况处理/则适用于特殊情况的处理方式。
Special conditions apply to those under 18.
特殊情况的处理方式适用于未满18岁的人。
The support of friends can also encourage people to try new things. A study from 2015 by Erica Field of Duke University, and her co-authors, looked at the impact of business training given to Indian women.
朋友的支持也可以鼓励人们尝试新事物。杜克大学的埃里卡·菲尔德和她的合著者在2015年进行了一项研究，考察了印度女性接受商业培训的影响。
draw v. & n.
1. 作动词：吸引；牵引；招引
【例】to draw one’s attention/be drawn to music
吸引某人的注意力/被音乐吸引（喜欢音乐）
2. 作名词：吸引人的事物
【例】The panda is a national treasure and a big tourist draw.
熊猫是我们的国宝，也是很吸引游客的动物。
【近义词】attraction n. 吸引人的事物
apply v.
1. 申请
【例】apply for a job 申请工作
2. 应用；使用
【例】apply the technology to farming 把这项技术应用于农业
3. 涉及；适用于
【例】Special conditions apply if you are under 18.
如果你未满18岁，则按特殊情况处理/则适用于特殊情况的处理方式。
Special conditions apply to those under 18.
特殊情况的处理方式适用于未满18岁的人。
Women who attended the course with a friend were more likely to end up taking out loans than those who came alone. The reverse also applies.
与朋友一起参加课程的女性比独自来听课的女性更有可能去借商业贷款。反之亦然。
draw v. & n.
1. 作动词：吸引；牵引；招引
【例】to draw one’s attention/be drawn to music
吸引某人的注意力/被音乐吸引（喜欢音乐）
2. 作名词：吸引人的事物
【例】The panda is a national treasure and a big tourist draw.
熊猫是我们的国宝，也是很吸引游客的动物。
【近义词】attraction n. 吸引人的事物
apply v.
1. 申请
【例】apply for a job 申请工作
2. 应用；使用
【例】apply the technology to farming 把这项技术应用于农业
3. 涉及；适用于
【例】Special conditions apply if you are under 18.
如果你未满18岁，则按特殊情况处理/则适用于特殊情况的处理方式。
Special conditions apply to those under 18.
特殊情况的处理方式适用于未满18岁的人。
Antagonistic relationships with co-workers are always likely to make working life miserable. A study conducted by Valerie Good of Grand Valley State University found that loneliness has an adverse effect on the performance of salespeople.
与同事的敌对关系总是可能让职场生活变得痛苦。大峡谷州立大学的瓦莱丽·古德进行的一项研究发现，孤独对销售人员的业绩有不利影响。
adverse adj. 不利的；有害的
【例】be in adverse circumstances 处于逆境
【拓展】adversity n. 困境；逆境
【例】suffer from a financial adversity 遭遇财务问题
company n. 陪伴
【例】I enjoy your company.
我享受你的陪伴。/我喜欢和你待在一起。
go to the hospital in the company of a friend
在一个朋友的陪同下去医院
【拓展】companion/accompany n./v. 伙伴/陪同
Among other things, they start spending more on wining and dining their customers. The only thing worse than a salesperson who sees you as a way to make money is one who wants your company.
除了其他方面的不利影响，他们还开始在和客户吃饭方面花更多钱。比销售人员想要你的钱更糟糕的，就是这个销售还想要你陪他。
adverse adj. 不利的；有害的
【例】be in adverse circumstances 处于逆境
【拓展】adversity n. 困境；逆境
【例】suffer from a financial adversity 遭遇财务问题
company n. 陪伴
【例】I enjoy your company.
我享受你的陪伴。/我喜欢和你待在一起。
go to the hospital in the company of a friend
在一个朋友的陪同下去医院
【拓展】companion/accompany n./v. 伙伴/陪同
So friends matter. The problems come when managers see the words “higher employee engagement” and leap to the conclusion that they should try to engineer work friendships.
所以朋友很重要。当经理们看到“员工参与度更高”的字眼，并立刻推导出他们应该策划工作中的友谊时，问题就来了。
spotlight n. & v.
1. 作名词：聚光灯
【例】Unemployment is once again in the spotlight.
失业问题再次受到人们的关注。
2. 作动词：用聚光灯照；特别关注
【例】It spotlighted the need for reforms.
这件事凸出了改革的必要。
In a report published last year Gallup gave the example of an unnamed organisation which has a weekly company-wide meeting that spotlights one employee’s best friend at work.
在去年发布的一份报告中，盖洛普举了一个匿名组织的例子，该组织每周召开一次公司全体会议，重点关注某一名员工在工作中最好的朋友。
spotlight n. & v.
1. 作名词：聚光灯
【例】Unemployment is once again in the spotlight.
失业问题再次受到人们的关注。
2. 作动词：用聚光灯照；特别关注
【例】It spotlighted the need for reforms.
这件事凸出了改革的必要。
It’s not known if, in the Q&A, others pop up to sob: “But I thought we were best friends at work.” Startups also offer services to encourage work friendships. One monitors the depth of connections between people in different teams.
目前还不清楚在问答环节，是否会有其他人突然哭起来，说：“我还以为我们才是工作中最好的朋友。”初创公司也提供服务来促进职场友谊。一种服务是监测不同团队中人员之间的联系深度。
surveillance n. 监视；密切观察
【例】The police are keeping the suspects under constant surveillance.
警方正不间断地监视嫌疑人的一举一动。
【拓展】monitor v. 监测；跟踪观察
【例】The doctor is monitoring the patient’s illness.
医生在密切观察病人的病情发展
It identifies shared interests (gluten-free baking, say, or workplace surveillance) between employees who don’t know each other and arranges meetings between them. You thought life was bad? At least you are not making crumpets with a stranger in finance.
它能识别互不认识的员工之间的共同兴趣(比如无麸质烘焙或工作监控)，并安排他们进行聚会。你觉得生活很糟糕？但至少你不需要和财务科的一个陌生人一起做烤面饼。
surveillance n. 监视；密切观察
【例】The police are keeping the suspects under constant surveillance.
警方正不间断地监视嫌疑人的一举一动。
【拓展】monitor v. 监测；跟踪观察
【例】The doctor is monitoring the patient’s illness.
医生在密切观察病人的病情发展
课后练习
The research by Gallup finds that ____.
A. close relationships are key to a happy life
B. work friendships can help retain workers
C. friendships are the recipe to career success
D. it is easy to make friends with one’s colleagues
The study by Erica Field shows that ____.
A. business training can help women get promotion
B. interpersonal skills matter in the business world
C. friends’ support encourages women to start a business
D. taking courses alone helps people concentrate
The example of the meeting in the unnamed organisation illustrates that ____.
A. managers should take note of the relationships among workers
B. employers can take measures to foster work friendships
C. it is awkward for managers to interfere in work friendships
D. discussing employees’ best friends may provoke jealousy
What does the author think about the services to encourage work friendships?
A. They are innovative and practical.
B. They facilitate the communication between workers.
C. They are efficient in expanding people’s social network.
D. They may not be welcomed by employees.