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海豹突击队训练死亡事件(下)
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一门旨在选拔最优秀人才的课程最终只会选出最优秀的作弊者，并逐渐地让海豹突击队中充斥着视规则为可有可无的作战人员。
双语精读
A Navy spokesman declined to comment on Seaman Mullen's death or on allegations of widespread drug use, saying it would be inappropriate to do so before the reports are released and Seaman Mullen's family is briefed on their findings.
一名海军发言人拒绝对马伦的死亡或对军内存在普遍用药的指控发表评论，并表示在发布报告以及将调查发现告知马伦的家人之前，发表评论是不合适的。
Still, the prevalence of drugs at BUD/S has some men in the top reaches of the SEALs deeply unnerved -- not just because drugs may have contributed to the death of a sailor, but also because they see their spread, and the lack of discipline and order it implies, as a threat to the entire SEAL organization that could grow in unpredictable and ugly ways.
不过，药品在基本水中爆破训练(BUD/S)中的泛滥让海豹突击队高层的一些人深感不安----不仅是因为用药可能导致了一名队员的死亡，还因为他们将药品的盛行，以及这所暗示的缺乏纪律和秩序，视为对整个海豹突击队组织构成的威胁，日后可能会以不可预测和丑陋不堪的方式发展下去。
Sailors who enter the program bolstered by steroids and hormones can push harder, recover faster and probably beat out the sailors who are trying to become SEALs while clean, said one senior SEAL leader with multiple combat deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan.
一名曾多次在伊拉克和阿富汗作战的海豹突击队高级指挥官说，靠类固醇和激素支撑着进入训练项目的士兵可以更迅猛地挺进，更快地恢复体力，也可能会击败那些试图成为海豹突击队成员，但没有用药的士兵。
The inevitable effect, he said, is that a course designed to select the very best will end up selecting only the very best cheaters, and steadily fill the SEAL teams with war fighters who view rules as optional. "What am I going to do with guys like that in a place like Afghanistan?" said the leader. "A guy who can do 100 pull-ups but can't make an ethical decision?"
他说，不可避免的后果是，一门旨在选拔最优秀人才的课程最终只会选出最优秀的作弊者，并逐渐地让海豹突击队中充斥着视规则为可有可无的作战人员。"在阿富汗这样的地方，要这样一些人有什么用?"这位指挥官说，"能做100个引体向上，却不能做出合乎道德的决定?"
The Navy has so far been officially silent about the discovery of drug use at BUD/S.
到目前为止，海军官方对在基本水中爆破训练中发现的药品使用问题保持沉默。
Details of Seaman Mullen's death and the subsequent drug sweep, many of them reported here for the first time, are based on interviews with Navy leaders, medical staff, enlisted SEALs and recent BUD/S candidates.
关于马伦之死和随后的药品检查，其中许多细节都是在这里首次被报道，这些细节是基于对海军领导人、医务人员、海豹突击队成员和最近参加基本水中爆破训练的候选人的采访。
All of them spoke on the condition that they not be identified by name, because they were not authorized to comment publicly.
这些人采访时都要求不具名，因为他们无权公开发表评论。
Without comprehensive testing, there is no way to assess the full extent of the drug use in the program. But more than a dozen current and former candidates described a culture in which drugs have become deeply embedded in the selection course over the last decade.
如果没有全面的检测，就没有办法全面评估训练项目中使用药品的情况。但超过12位现任和前任候选人描述了这种文化：在过去10年，药品在选拔课程中已经根深蒂固。
SEAL leaders say they don't have the authority to start a testing program to attack the problem. They formally requested permission from the Navy in June to start testing all candidates but are still awaiting a response.
海豹突击队的领导表示，他们没有权力启动检测项目来全力处理这一问题。今年6月，他们正式向海军提出申请，要求开始检测所有候选人，但目前仍在等待回应。
Meanwhile, the drugs are there. One young sailor who went through BUD/S in May said that many would-be SEALs had come to believe that the course was too hard to complete without drugs.
与此同时，药品依然存在。今年5月参加过基本水中爆破训练的一名年轻队员说，许多想成为海豹突击队队员的人都认为，不使用药品就很难完成这训练课程。
Despite Seaman Mullen's death, he said, some sailors were still using illicit performance enhancers -- in particular, a group of unregulated supplements called SARMS that are difficult to detect.
他说，尽管马伦去世了，一些队员仍然在使用非法的体能增强剂----尤其是一组被称为SARMS的不受监管的补剂，这些补剂很难被检测出来。
词汇预习
current [高考]
美[ˈkɜːrənt] | 英[ˈkʌrənt]
n. 趋势；(水、气、电)流 adj. 现在的；流通的
response [高考]
美[rɪˈspɑːns] | 英[rɪˈspɒns]
n. 反应；回答；响应；答复
threat [高考]
美[θret] | 英[θret]
n. 威胁；恐吓；凶兆
selection [高考]
美[sɪˈlekʃn] | 英[sɪˈlekʃn]
n. 选择；挑选；挑选出来的人或事
publicly [高考]
美['pʌblɪkli] | 英['pʌblɪkli]
adv. 公开地；公然地；以公众名义
detect [高考]
美[dɪˈtekt] | 英[dɪˈtekt]
v. 发觉；察觉；探测
unpredictable [高考]
美[ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl] | 英[ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl]
adj. 不可预知的
officially [高考]
美[əˈfɪʃəli] | 英[əˈfɪʃəli]
adv. 官方地；正式地；公务上；职务上
multiple [高考]
美[ˈmʌltɪpl] | 英[ˈmʌltɪpl]
adj. 多种多样的；许多的 n. 倍数；并联
discipline [高考]
美[ˈdɪsəplɪn] | 英[ˈdɪsəplɪn]
n. 纪律；训练；学科 vt. 训练；惩罚
steadily [高考]
美[ˈstɛdəlɪ] | 英['stedɪlɪ]
adv. 稳定地；稳固地；逐步地
inappropriate [高考]
美[ˌɪnəˈproʊpriət] | 英[ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət]
adj. 不适当的；不合宜的
extent [高考]
美[ɪkˈstent] | 英[ɪkˈstent]
n. 广度； 宽度； 长度； 大小； 范围； 程度 n. [律][英]扣押； [美]临时所有权令
comprehensive [高考]
美[ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv] | 英[ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]
adj. 全面的；广泛的；综合的；理解的
formally [高考]
美[ˈfɔrmlɪ] | 英['fɔ:məlɪ]
adv. 正式地；形式上地
lack [高考]
美[læk] | 英[læk]
n. 缺乏；无 v. 缺乏；不足
decade [高考]
美[ˈdekeɪd] | 英[ˈdekeɪd]
n. 十年，十年间，十年期（尤指一个年代)
recover [高考]
美[rɪˈkʌvər] | 英[rɪˈkʌvə(r)]
v. 恢复；复原；重获
select [高考]
美[sɪˈlekt] | 英[sɪˈlekt]
v. 选择；挑选 adj. 精选的；优等的 n. 被挑选出来的人或物
entire [高考]
美[ɪnˈtaɪər] | 英[ɪnˈtaɪə(r)]
adj. 全部的；整个的；完全的 n. 全部；整体；〈英〉一种黑啤酒；种马
former [高考]
美[ˈfɔːrmər] | 英[ˈfɔːmə(r)]
adj. 前者的；前任的；以前的 n. 创造者；[英]学校某一年级的学生
assess [高考]
美[əˈses] | 英[əˈses]
v. 评定；评估；估算
widespread [高考]
美[ˈwaɪdspred] | 英[ˈwaɪdspred]
adj. 分布(或散布)广的；普遍的
optional [高考]
美[ˈɑːpʃənl] | 英[ˈɒpʃənl]
adj. 任选的
spokesman [高考]
美[ˈspoʊksmən] | 英[ˈspəʊksmən]
n. 发言人
lack of [高考]
美[læk ʌv] | 英[læk ɔv]
缺乏
in particular [高考]
美[ɪn pər'tɪkjələr] | 英[ɪn pə'tɪkjələ(r)]
特别； 尤其
comment on [高考]
美[ˈkɑmɛnt ɑn] | 英[ˈkɔment ɔn]
对 ... 评论
subsequent [高考]
美[ˈsʌbsɪkwənt] | 英[ˈsʌbsɪkwənt]
adj. 随后的；后来的
combat [高考]
美[ˈkɑːmbæt] | 英[ˈkɒmbæt]
n. 战斗；试图解决 v. 战斗；与 ... 斗争；试图解决 adj. 战斗的
would [高考]
美[wʊd , wəd] | 英[wʊd , wəd]
aux. 将；可能；大概；总会；愿意；will的过去式
inevitable [四级]
美[ɪnˈevɪtəbl] | 英[ɪnˈevɪtəbl]
adj. 不可避免的；必然(发生)的
ethical [四级]
美[ˈeθɪkl] | 英[ˈeθɪkl]
adj. 伦理的；道德的；凭处方出售的
would-be [四级]
美[ˈwʊdˌbi] | 英[ˈwudbi:]
adj. 想要成为的；将要成为的；假冒的 n. 想要成为…的人；假冒者
come to [四级]
美[kʌm tu] | 英[kʌm tu]
v. 总计；苏醒；到达；突然想起
do with [四级]
美[dʊ wɪð] | 英[duː wɪð]
处理； 利用； 忍受； 需要； 相处
by name [四级]
美[baɪ nem] | 英[bai neim]
名叫…的，凭名字
based on [六级]
美[best ɑn] | 英[beɪst ɔn]
以 ... 为基础； 基于
trying [专八]
美[ˈtraɪɪŋ] | 英[ˈtraɪɪŋ]
adj. 难受的；令人厌烦的
illicit [专八]
美[ɪˈlɪsɪt] | 英[ɪˈlɪsɪt]
adj. 非法的；违禁的；不正当的
don [托福]
美[dɑn] | 英[dɒn]
n. 先生（西班牙用语）；(牛津、剑桥大学的)指导教师 v. 穿上
重点讲解
A Navy spokesman declined to comment on Seaman Mullen's death or on allegations of widespread drug use, saying it would be inappropriate to do so before the reports are released and Seaman Mullen's family is briefed on their findings.
一名海军发言人拒绝对马伦的死亡或对军内存在普遍用药的指控发表评论，并表示在发布报告以及将调查发现告知马伦的家人之前，发表评论是不合适的。
brief adj. & n. & v.
1. 作形容词
（1）短时间的；短暂的
【例】a brief visit/meeting/conversation 短时间的参观╱会议╱交谈
（2）简短的；简洁的
【例】a brief description 简明扼要的描述
【拓展】in brief 简言之
【例】In brief, the meeting was a disaster. 简言之，那会议糟透了。
2. 作名词
（1）任务简介；指示
【例】I was given the brief of reorganizing the department.
我收到指示，要去改组这个部门。
（2）概要；简报
【例】the presidential brief 总统简报
3. 作动词：向某人介绍情况
【搭配】brief sb on/about sth 向某人介绍关于某事的情况
【例】The officer briefed her on what to expect.
军官简要向她说了一下可能遇到的情况。
Still, the prevalence of drugs at BUD/S has some men in the top reaches of the SEALs deeply unnerved -- not just because drugs may have contributed to the death of a sailor, but also because they see their spread, and the lack of discipline and order it implies, as a threat to the entire SEAL organization that could grow in unpredictable and ugly ways.
不过，药品在基本水中爆破训练(BUD/S)中的泛滥让海豹突击队高层的一些人深感不安----不仅是因为用药可能导致了一名队员的死亡，还因为他们将药品的盛行，以及这所暗示的缺乏纪律和秩序，视为对整个海豹突击队组织构成的威胁，日后可能会以不可预测和丑陋不堪的方式发展下去。
in the top reaches 在（组织的）高层，高级部门
（英文释义：the higher sections of an organization or a system）
【例】There are still few women in the top reaches of the civil service.
在高级别公务员中，女性仍然寥寥无几。
【拓展】in the higher/upper/lower reaches 在高层/高级别/下层
unnerve v. 使紧张不安；使恐惧
【例】His silence unnerved us.
他的沉默令我们心里发慌。
【拓展】unnerving adj. 令人紧张的；令人恐惧的
【例】Meeting a twin brother I didn't know I had was an unnerving experience.
去和我从未谋面的双胞胎兄弟见面，真是一次让人紧张的经历。
Sailors who enter the program bolstered by steroids and hormones can push harder, recover faster and probably beat out the sailors who are trying to become SEALs while clean, said one senior SEAL leader with multiple combat deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan.
一名曾多次在伊拉克和阿富汗作战的海豹突击队高级指挥官说，靠类固醇和激素支撑着进入训练项目的士兵可以更迅猛地挺进，更快地恢复体力，也可能会击败那些试图成为海豹突击队成员，但没有用药的士兵。
bolster v. 支持；增强
【例】to bolster one’s confidence/spirits/the economy
增强某人的信心/鼓舞情绪/刺激经济
The inevitable effect, he said, is that a course designed to select the very best will end up selecting only the very best cheaters, and steadily fill the SEAL teams with war fighters who view rules as optional. "What am I going to do with guys like that in a place like Afghanistan?" said the leader. "A guy who can do 100 pull-ups but can't make an ethical decision?"
他说，不可避免的后果是，一门旨在选拔最优秀人才的课程最终只会选出最优秀的作弊者，并逐渐地让海豹突击队中充斥着视规则为可有可无的作战人员。"在阿富汗这样的地方，要这样一些人有什么用?"这位指挥官说，"能做100个引体向上，却不能做出合乎道德的决定?"
optional adj.
1. 可选择的
【例】optional courses 选修课程
2. 随意的；非强制的
【例】Purchase of tickets is purely optional.
购票并非是必须的（可买可不买的）。
The Navy has so far been officially silent about the discovery of drug use at BUD/S.
到目前为止，海军官方对在基本水中爆破训练中发现的药品使用问题保持沉默。
on the condition that 条件是；前提是
【例】We agreed to rent the house on the condition that the roof be repaired.
我们同意租用这个房子，条件是要把房顶修好。
【拓展】on no condition 无论如何都不；决不
【例】You must on no condition tell them what happened.
你决不能告诉他们所发生的事。
Details of Seaman Mullen's death and the subsequent drug sweep, many of them reported here for the first time, are based on interviews with Navy leaders, medical staff, enlisted SEALs and recent BUD/S candidates.
关于马伦之死和随后的药品检查，其中许多细节都是在这里首次被报道，这些细节是基于对海军领导人、医务人员、海豹突击队成员和最近参加基本水中爆破训练的候选人的采访。
on the condition that 条件是；前提是
【例】We agreed to rent the house on the condition that the roof be repaired.
我们同意租用这个房子，条件是要把房顶修好。
【拓展】on no condition 无论如何都不；决不
【例】You must on no condition tell them what happened.
你决不能告诉他们所发生的事。
All of them spoke on the condition that they not be identified by name, because they were not authorized to comment publicly.
这些人采访时都要求不具名，因为他们无权公开发表评论。
on the condition that 条件是；前提是
【例】We agreed to rent the house on the condition that the roof be repaired.
我们同意租用这个房子，条件是要把房顶修好。
【拓展】on no condition 无论如何都不；决不
【例】You must on no condition tell them what happened.
你决不能告诉他们所发生的事。
Without comprehensive testing, there is no way to assess the full extent of the drug use in the program. But more than a dozen current and former candidates described a culture in which drugs have become deeply embedded in the selection course over the last decade.
如果没有全面的检测，就没有办法全面评估训练项目中使用药品的情况。但超过12位现任和前任候选人描述了这种文化：在过去10年，药品在选拔课程中已经根深蒂固。
the full extent of 全貌；全部范围
【例】It is difficult to assess the full extent of the damage.
损失情况难以全面估计。
embed v.
1. 把……牢牢地嵌入
【例】a clock embedded in the wall 嵌在墙里的钟
2. 使深深留在
【例】be embedded in one’s mind 深深印在某人心中
SEAL leaders say they don't have the authority to start a testing program to attack the problem. They formally requested permission from the Navy in June to start testing all candidates but are still awaiting a response.
海豹突击队的领导表示，他们没有权力启动检测项目来全力处理这一问题。今年6月，他们正式向海军提出申请，要求开始检测所有候选人，但目前仍在等待回应。
the full extent of 全貌；全部范围
【例】It is difficult to assess the full extent of the damage.
损失情况难以全面估计。
embed v.
1. 把……牢牢地嵌入
【例】a clock embedded in the wall 嵌在墙里的钟
2. 使深深留在
【例】be embedded in one’s mind 深深印在某人心中
Meanwhile, the drugs are there. One young sailor who went through BUD/S in May said that many would-be SEALs had come to believe that the course was too hard to complete without drugs.
与此同时，药品依然存在。今年5月参加过基本水中爆破训练的一名年轻队员说，许多想成为海豹突击队队员的人都认为，不使用药品就很难完成这训练课程。
go through
1. 经历；遭受
【例】They have all gone through the war.
他们都经历过这场战争.
2. 仔细察看；检查
【例】I always start the day by going through my email.
我每天第一件事就是要查阅电子邮件。
3. 完成工作
【例】We went through our task without any difficulty.
我们顺利地完成了任务.
4. （法案）被通过；被批准
【例】The new law has gone through Parliament.
新法律已在议会通过。
illicit adj. 非法的；违法的
【例】illicit drugs/love affairs/sale of liquor 违禁药品/私通/私售酒精
【近义词】illegal 不合法的；违法的
Despite Seaman Mullen's death, he said, some sailors were still using illicit performance enhancers -- in particular, a group of unregulated supplements called SARMS that are difficult to detect.
他说，尽管马伦去世了，一些队员仍然在使用非法的体能增强剂----尤其是一组被称为SARMS的不受监管的补剂，这些补剂很难被检测出来。
go through
1. 经历；遭受
【例】They have all gone through the war.
他们都经历过这场战争.
2. 仔细察看；检查
【例】I always start the day by going through my email.
我每天第一件事就是要查阅电子邮件。
3. 完成工作
【例】We went through our task without any difficulty.
我们顺利地完成了任务.
4. （法案）被通过；被批准
【例】The new law has gone through Parliament.
新法律已在议会通过。
illicit adj. 非法的；违法的
【例】illicit drugs/love affairs/sale of liquor 违禁药品/私通/私售酒精
【近义词】illegal 不合法的；违法的
课后练习
Why were the leaders of the SEALs unnerved?
A. Because the Navy was guilty of widespread drug use.
B. Because they failed to find out the cause of Mullen’s death.
C. Because the discipline of the SEAL organization was at risk.
D. Because they considered drug use as something uncontrollable.
The senior SEAL leader may agree that ____.
A. it is beneficial to take a modest amount of drugs
B. the use of drugs may encourage sailors to disobey rules
C. the rules of the training courses should be less rigid
D. work ethic is the most important quality of a sailor
The official response of the Navy to the discovery of drug use is ____.
A. total silence
B. indifferent neglect
C. anonymous comment
D. comprehensive testing
What do we know about the drug use in selection courses?
A. It has been a widespread and long-lasting problem.
B. The testing program has proved ineffective in solving the issue.
C. Many would-be SEALs use drugs due to a lack of confidence.
D. The use of undetectable performance enhancers is permitted.