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游戏对大学生的影响
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游戏对大学生的影响
你和你的孪生兄/妹抵达了魔幻的提瓦特大陆，却遭到一位不友善的神的攻击，并使你二人失散。 
双语精读
How bad are video games for your grades?
视频游戏对成绩有多大坏处？
Arriving on the magical continent of Teyvat, you and your twin are attacked and separated by an unwelcoming god. When you regain consciousness, you set off in search of your lost sibling, exploring seven beguiling worlds.
你和你的孪生兄/妹抵达了魔幻的提瓦特大陆，却遭到一位不友善的神的攻击，并使你二人失散。当你恢复了意识，你就出发去寻找失散的兄/妹，并探索七个玄妙世界。
Released in September 2020 by a Chinese developer, the online game "Genshin Impact" became a big hit. The success of this home-grown creation and others like it was not, however, a source of great pride for China's government.
网络游戏《原神》由中国开发商于2020年9月发布，并成为大受欢迎的爆款。然而，这一国产游戏以及其他类似游戏的成功并不让政府感到骄傲。
It worries that gaming addiction poses a threat to teenagers. In 2021 a state-run newspaper complained that online games were contributing to myopia, bad grades and alienation.
政府担心游戏成瘾会对青少年构成威胁。2021年，一家官媒抱怨网络游戏是导致近视、成绩下降和与人疏远的因素之一。
In 2019 China's government limited children under 18 to an hour and a half of online game-time a day during the school week. In 2021 it went further, permitting only three hours a week.
2019年，政府将18岁以下儿童在上学日的网络游戏时间限制在每天一个半小时以内。2021年，规定更进一步，只允许每周玩三个小时。
Still, parents around the world will be keen to know whether they did any good. Those curious will find some clues in a remarkable new study by Panle Jia Barwick and Chao Fu of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, as well as Siyu Chen of Jinan University and Teng Li of Sun Yat-Sen University.
不过，世界各地的父母依然很想知道这些限制是否有什么益处。这些好奇的人将会在一项值得关注的新研究中找到一些线索，该研究的作者为威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的潘乐·贾·巴维克和傅超，以及暨南大学的陈思宇和中山大学的李腾。
It sheds light on the impact of gaming (and other mobile-phone habits) on the grades, well-being and job-market success of Chinese students. To tease out such effects, the researchers make use of the government's imposition of time limits and the arrival of Genshin Impact.
研究揭示了游戏（以及其他手机使用习惯）对中国学生的成绩、身心健康、就业市场成功的影响。为了梳理出游戏的这些影响，研究人员利用了政府实施的时间限制和《原神》的发布。
The authors have access to the university records of thousands of undergraduates who enrolled at a mid-tier university in an unnamed southern province from 2018 to 2020.
作者们可以查到数千名本科生的大学记录，这些学生于2018年至2020年在某个未具名的南方省份的一所中等水平大学注册入学。
The data provide a detailed portrait of undergraduate life. After the arrival of Genshin Impact, the average student arrived at their study hall 18 minutes later and returned to the dorm 25 minutes earlier, according to the data from their phones.
这些数据提供了一幅详细的大学生活画像。根据手机数据，在《原神》发布后，学生到达自习室的平均时间晚了18分钟，回到宿舍的平均时间早了25分钟。
The findings are best conveyed by imagining two nearly identical students, one of whom spends twice as much time gaming as the other. The gamer's grades, on a scale from 0 to 100, would be 0.8 points lower.
要传达这些研究发现，最好的办法是想象两个几乎完全相同的学生，其中一个学生玩游戏的时间是另一个学生的两倍。按0到100分来评分，玩游戏的学生的成绩会（比另一个学生）低0.8分。
Because averages are clustered in Chinese universities, that would reduce their class ranking by 10 percentile points.
因为在中国大学里平均值都很集中，所以这意味着玩游戏的学生的班级排名会降低10个百分点。
Now imagine two identical students with contrasting roommates: one set spend twice as much time on gaming apps as the other set. That would lower a student's grade average by 0.4 points, partly because it would encourage the student to spend a bit more time gaming as well, reducing their rank by 5 percentile points.
现在想象一下，两个完全相同的学生有截然不同的室友：一组室友在游戏应用上花费的时间是另一组室友的两倍。这会使一个学生的平均成绩降低0.4分，部分原因是室友玩游戏也会鼓励这个学生多花一点时间玩游戏，从而使他的排名下降5个百分点。
Games like Genshin Impact, which are free to play, exact a real cost.
像《原神》这样的免费游戏，其实必定会带来真正的代价。
词汇预习
source [高考]
美[sɔːrs] | 英[sɔːs]
n. 来源；发源地；原始资料 v. 从...获得
impact [高考]
美[ˈɪmpækt , ɪmˈpækt] | 英[ˈɪmpækt , ɪmˈpækt]
n. 影响；冲击力；撞击 vt. 挤入；压紧；撞击；对 ... 发生影响 vi. 冲击；撞击；产生影响
creation [高考]
美[kriˈeɪʃn] | 英[kriˈeɪʃn]
n. 创造；创作
threat [高考]
美[θret] | 英[θret]
n. 威胁；恐吓；凶兆
sibling [高考]
美[ˈsɪblɪŋ] | 英[ˈsɪblɪŋ]
n. 兄弟姐妹
scale [高考]
美[skeɪl] | 英[skeɪl]
n. 等级，规模；刻度；音阶；量程；天枰 v. 攀登；到达…顶点；去鳞
developer [高考]
美[dɪˈveləpər] | 英[dɪˈveləpə(r)]
n. 开发者；显影剂
remarkable [高考]
美[rɪˈmɑːrkəbl] | 英[rɪˈmɑːkəbl]
adj. 非凡的；值得注意的；显著的；异常的；卓越的
regain [高考]
美[riˈɡen] | 英[rɪˈgeɪn]
v. 恢复；重回；复得
well-being [高考]
美[ˈwel biːɪŋ] | 英[ˈwel biːɪŋ]
n. 康乐；安宁
data [高考]
美[ˈdeɪtə] | 英[ˈdeɪtə]
n. 数据；资料
curious [高考]
美[ˈkjʊriəs] | 英[ˈkjʊəriəs]
adj. 好奇的；奇特的
access [高考]
美[ˈækses] | 英[ˈækses]
n.入口，通道；获得的机会，使用权；（对计算机存储器的）访问，存取；（情感）爆发，发作；探视权 v. 接近，进入；获取，访问（计算机信息） adj.[美]（电视节目或时间等）对外公开的
arrival [高考]
美[əˈraɪvl] | 英[əˈraɪvl]
n. 到达；达到；到达者；新生儿
continent [高考]
美[ˈkɑːntɪnənt] | 英[ˈkɒntɪnənt]
n. 大陆；洲；(the Continent)欧洲大陆
dorm [高考]
美[dɔːrm] | 英[dɔːm]
n. (集体)宿舍
tease [高考]
美[tiːz] | 英[tiːz]
n. 揶揄者；戏弄 v. 欺负；嘲弄
access to [高考]
美[ˈæksɛs tu] | 英[ˈækses tu:]
接近，有权使用；进入，通向…的路口
in search of [高考]
美[ɪn sɜːrtʃ əv] | 英[ɪn sɜːtʃ əv]
寻找； 寻求
have access to [高考]
美[hæv ˈæksɛs tu] | 英[hæv ˈækses tu:]
可以到达； 可以使用；有接触…的机会或权利
lower [高考]
美[ˈloʊər] | 英[ˈləʊə(r)]
adj. 低的；下级的；下层的 v. 降低；减弱；跌落
limited [高考]
美[ˈlɪmɪtɪd] | 英[ˈlɪmɪtɪd]
adj. 有限的；被限制的
further [高考]
美[ˈfɜːrðər] | 英[ˈfɜːðə(r)]
adv. 更远地，再往前地；进一步；此外，而且 adj. 更多的，进一步的；（距离上）更远的，较远的 v. 促进，推进
identical [高考]
美[aɪˈdentɪkl] | 英[aɪˈdentɪkl]
adj. 同一的；相同的
portrait [高考]
美[ˈpɔːrtrət] | 英[ˈpɔːtreɪt]
n. 肖像；画像；描写
mobile [高考]
美[ˈmoʊbl] | 英[ˈməʊbaɪl]
adj. 移动的；易变的；活动的 n. [美]汽车；可动雕塑；悬挂饰物；活动物体
would [高考]
美[wʊd , wəd] | 英[wʊd , wəd]
aux. 将；可能；大概；总会；愿意；will的过去式
undergraduate [四级]
美[ˌʌndərˈɡrædʒuət] | 英[ˌʌndəˈɡrædʒuət]
n. 大学生 adj. 大学生的；大学的
consciousness [四级]
美[ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs] | 英[ˈkɒnʃəsnəs]
n. 意识；知觉；自觉；觉悟
mid [四级]
美[mɪd] | 英[mɪd]
adj. 中间的； [语]央元音的 prep. 在 ... 的中间 abbr. 移动互联网设备 (=Mobile Internet Device)
detailed [四级]
美[dɪˈteld,ˈdiˌteld] | 英[ˈdi:teɪld]
adj. 详细的
according [专四]
美[ə'kɔrdɪŋ] | 英[ə'kɔːdɪŋ]
adj. 相符的；相应的；一致的 v. 给予；符合，一致；正式协议（accord的现在分词）
grown [专八]
美[groʊn] | 英[grəʊn]
adj. 长大的；成年的；长满某物的
imposition [专八]
美[ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən] | 英[ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃn]
n. 强迫接受；课税；欺骗；[印]拼版
alienation [雅思]
美[ˌeljəˈneʃən, ˌeliə-] | 英[ˌeɪlɪə'neɪʃn]
n. 疏远；离间；让渡；[哲]异化
重点讲解
How bad are video games for your grades?
视频游戏对成绩有多大坏处？
unwelcoming adj. 态度冷淡的；不温馨的
【例】The staff at the hotel gave us an unwelcoming look when we arrived late.
我们迟到了，酒店工作人员给了我们一个冷淡的眼神。
The old house had an unwelcoming atmosphere.
那座老房子有一种住着很不舒服的感觉。
【近义词】uninviting adj. 不吸引人的
Arriving on the magical continent of Teyvat, you and your twin are attacked and separated by an unwelcoming god. When you regain consciousness, you set off in search of your lost sibling, exploring seven beguiling worlds.
你和你的孪生兄/妹抵达了魔幻的提瓦特大陆，却遭到一位不友善的神的攻击，并使你二人失散。当你恢复了意识，你就出发去寻找失散的兄/妹，并探索七个玄妙世界。
unwelcoming adj. 态度冷淡的；不温馨的
【例】The staff at the hotel gave us an unwelcoming look when we arrived late.
我们迟到了，酒店工作人员给了我们一个冷淡的眼神。
The old house had an unwelcoming atmosphere.
那座老房子有一种住着很不舒服的感觉。
【近义词】uninviting adj. 不吸引人的
Released in September 2020 by a Chinese developer, the online game “Genshin Impact” became a big hit. The success of this home-grown creation and others like it was not, however, a source of great pride for China’s government.
网络游戏《原神》由中国开发商于2020年9月发布，并成为大受欢迎的爆款。然而，这一国产游戏以及其他类似游戏的成功并不让政府感到骄傲。
home-grown adj. 自家种的；本土培养的
【例】home-grown tomatoes 自家种的西红柿
The company has a wealth of home-grown talent.
这个公司有很多自己培养出来的人才。
【近义词】domestic adj. 国内的；本地的
myopia n. 近视；短视
【例】He suffers from/has severe myopia.
他近视很严重。
political myopia 政治上的短视
【近义词】short-sight/near-sight n. 近视
【拓展】myopic/short-sighted/near-sighted adj. 近视的
alienation n. 疏远；不融入
【例】Many immigrants suffer from a sense of alienation.
许多移民都有一种无法融入的感觉。
【反义词】integration n. 融入；融合
【拓展】alien adj. 异己的；陌生的
alienate v. 使疏远
It worries that gaming addiction poses a threat to teenagers. In 2021 a state-run newspaper complained that online games were contributing to myopia, bad grades and alienation.
政府担心游戏成瘾会对青少年构成威胁。2021年，一家官媒抱怨网络游戏是导致近视、成绩下降和与人疏远的因素之一。
home-grown adj. 自家种的；本土培养的
【例】home-grown tomatoes 自家种的西红柿
The company has a wealth of home-grown talent.
这个公司有很多自己培养出来的人才。
【近义词】domestic adj. 国内的；本地的
myopia n. 近视；短视
【例】He suffers from/has severe myopia.
他近视很严重。
political myopia 政治上的短视
【近义词】short-sight/near-sight n. 近视
【拓展】myopic/short-sighted/near-sighted adj. 近视的
alienation n. 疏远；不融入
【例】Many immigrants suffer from a sense of alienation.
许多移民都有一种无法融入的感觉。
【反义词】integration n. 融入；融合
【拓展】alien adj. 异己的；陌生的
alienate v. 使疏远
In 2019 China’s government limited children under 18 to an hour and a half of online game-time a day during the school week. In 2021 it went further, permitting only three hours a week.
2019年，政府将18岁以下儿童在上学日的网络游戏时间限制在每天一个半小时以内。2021年，规定更进一步，只允许每周玩三个小时。
limit sth to 把某物限制在某个范围
【例】I limit myself to one cup of coffee a day.
我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。
【近义词】restrict sth to 把某物限制在某个范围
【辨析】restrain oneself from doing sth 忍住不做某事
Still, parents around the world will be keen to know whether they did any good. Those curious will find some clues in a remarkable new study by Panle Jia Barwick and Chao Fu of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, as well as Siyu Chen of Jinan University and Teng Li of Sun Yat-Sen University.
不过，世界各地的父母依然很想知道这些限制是否有什么益处。这些好奇的人将会在一项值得关注的新研究中找到一些线索，该研究的作者为威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的潘乐·贾·巴维克和傅超，以及暨南大学的陈思宇和中山大学的李腾。
limit sth to 把某物限制在某个范围
【例】I limit myself to one cup of coffee a day.
我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。
【近义词】restrict sth to 把某物限制在某个范围
【辨析】restrain oneself from doing sth 忍住不做某事
It sheds light on the impact of gaming (and other mobile-phone habits) on the grades, well-being and job-market success of Chinese students. To tease out such effects, the researchers make use of the government’s imposition of time limits and the arrival of Genshin Impact.
研究揭示了游戏（以及其他手机使用习惯）对中国学生的成绩、身心健康、就业市场成功的影响。为了梳理出游戏的这些影响，研究人员利用了政府实施的时间限制和《原神》的发布。
tease out 梳理；弄清楚
【例】to tease/comb out the knots in my hair
把打结的头发梳顺
to tease out the underlying causes of this problem
弄清楚问题的潜在原因
【辨析】comb sth for... 搜遍某个地方找……
enroll v. 入学；注册
【例】to enroll in a course 注册学习一门课程
【拓展】e我nrollment n. 入学（人数）
【近义词】sign up for 报名参加课
The authors have access to the university records of thousands of undergraduates who enrolled at a mid-tier university in an unnamed southern province from 2018 to 2020.
作者们可以查到数千名本科生的大学记录，这些学生于2018年至2020年在某个未具名的南方省份的一所中等水平大学注册入学。
tease out 梳理；弄清楚
【例】to tease/comb out the knots in my hair
把打结的头发梳顺
to tease out the underlying causes of this problem
弄清楚问题的潜在原因
【辨析】comb sth for... 搜遍某个地方找……
enroll v. 入学；注册
【例】to enroll in a course 注册学习一门课程
【拓展】e我nrollment n. 入学（人数）
【近义词】sign up for 报名参加课
The data provide a detailed portrait of undergraduate life. After the arrival of Genshin Impact, the average student arrived at their study hall 18 minutes later and returned to the dorm 25 minutes earlier, according to the data from their phones.
这些数据提供了一幅详细的大学生活画像。根据手机数据，在《原神》发布后，学生到达自习室的平均时间晚了18分钟，回到宿舍的平均时间早了25分钟。
portrait n. 画像；详细的描绘
【例】to paint a portrait of her
给她画一幅画像
a portrait of family life
对家庭生活的描绘
【近义词】portrayal n. 描绘
profile n. 侧写；画像
convey v.
1. 表达，传递（思想、感情等）
【例】the idea/message conveyed by the film
电影传达的思想/信息
2. 传送；输送
【例】to convey the suitcase 传送行李箱
【拓展】conveyor belt 传送带
The findings are best conveyed by imagining two nearly identical students, one of whom spends twice as much time gaming as the other. The gamer’s grades, on a scale from 0 to 100, would be 0.8 points lower.
要传达这些研究发现，最好的办法是想象两个几乎完全相同的学生，其中一个学生玩游戏的时间是另一个学生的两倍。按0到100分来评分，玩游戏的学生的成绩会（比另一个学生）低0.8分。
portrait n. 画像；详细的描绘
【例】to paint a portrait of her
给她画一幅画像
a portrait of family life
对家庭生活的描绘
【近义词】portrayal n. 描绘
profile n. 侧写；画像
convey v.
1. 表达，传递（思想、感情等）
【例】the idea/message conveyed by the film
电影传达的思想/信息
2. 传送；输送
【例】to convey the suitcase 传送行李箱
【拓展】conveyor belt 传送带
Because averages are clustered in Chinese universities, that would reduce their class ranking by 10 percentile points.
因为在中国大学里平均值都很集中，所以这意味着玩游戏的学生的班级排名会降低10个百分点。
cluster n. & v.
1. 作名词：簇；团
【例】a cluster of grapes 一串葡萄
2. 作动词：成簇；聚集
【例】The children cluster around their mother.
孩子们围在妈妈身边。
【近义词】concentrate v. 集中
Now imagine two identical students with contrasting roommates: one set spend twice as much time on gaming apps as the other set. That would lower a student’s grade average by 0.4 points, partly because it would encourage the student to spend a bit more time gaming as well, reducing their rank by 5 percentile points.
现在想象一下，两个完全相同的学生有截然不同的室友：一组室友在游戏应用上花费的时间是另一组室友的两倍。这会使一个学生的平均成绩降低0.4分，部分原因是室友玩游戏也会鼓励这个学生多花一点时间玩游戏，从而使他的排名下降5个百分点。
exact adj. & v.
1. 作形容词：精准的；精确的
【例】the exact time/words
确切时间/原话
2. 作动词：因必要而要求
【例】Heart surgery exacts tremendous skill and concentration.
做心脏手术必须要有精湛的技术和极大的专注。
Games like Genshin Impact, which are free to play, exact a real cost.
像《原神》这样的免费游戏，其实必定会带来真正的代价。
exact adj. & v.
1. 作形容词：精准的；精确的
【例】the exact time/words
确切时间/原话
2. 作动词：因必要而要求
【例】Heart surgery exacts tremendous skill and concentration.
做心脏手术必须要有精湛的技术和极大的专注。
课后练习
What is the government's attitude towards online games like “Genshin Impact”?
A. It encourages more teenagers to play them.
B. It is very proud of their success and popularity.
C. It has loosened the restriction on them for teenagers.
D. It is concerned about the negative effects on teenagers.
What is the purpose of the new study by Panle Jia Barwick and others?
A. To investigate the influence of gaming and mobile-phone habits on Chinese students.
B. To explore the benefits of the time limits imposed by the government.
C. To understand the usage of mobile phones in Chinese undergraduate life.
D. To evaluate the popularity of different mobile games among Chinese students.
What can be learned about the findings of the study?
A. Roommates' gaming habits have positive effects on a student's performance.
B. Roommates who game more can negatively influence a student's grades.
C. Roommates who game more will make a student less interested in gaming.
D. Roommates' gaming habits cannot influence a non-gaming student.
What is the cost of playing free games like Genshin Impact?
A. The cost of in-game purchases such as new weapons.
B. A decrease in students' grades due to excessive gaming.
C. The cost of mobile phone data usage while playing the game.
D. The alienation from roommates due to extended gaming time.
